This paper critically examines Brazil’s legislative framework for pesticide waste management, highlighting recent advancements and persistent challenges. The introduction of Law 14785/2023 marks a pivotal shift in pesticide regulation, streamlining registration processes and enhancing safety measures. This law consolidates various aspects of pesticide management, from research to disposal, aiming for more efficient oversight. Complementary to this, foundational laws such as the Federal Constitution (1988), Law 6938/1981 (National Environmental Policy), Law 12651/2012 (New Forest Code), and Law 13123/2015 (Biodiversity Law) establish broad guidelines for environmental protection and the sustainable use of resources. Specific regulations, including the Environmental Crimes Act (Law 9605/1998) and CONAMA Resolutions No. 465/2014 and No. 420/2009, address critical aspects of pesticide waste, focusing on proper disposal and soil quality management. Despite these advancements, challenges persist in the effective implementation of these laws. Inadequate monitoring systems and limited stakeholder awareness hinder regulatory enforcement. Strategic recommendations to address these issues include enhancing monitoring technologies, strengthening educational initiatives, fostering stakeholder collaboration, and adapting legislation to keep pace with technological advancements. A robust pesticide waste management system is essential for ensuring long-term sustainability in agricultural production. Inefficient disposal practices can contaminate soil and water, posing risks to biodiversity and public health. By reinforcing regulatory enforcement and integrating sustainable waste management strategies, Brazil can mitigate the environmental impact of pesticide use while promoting safer agricultural practices. The ongoing evolution of legislation reflects a commitment to sustainability; however, continuous efforts are necessary to fully realize these goals and align agricultural development with environmental conservation.

Postemergence application of herbicides can cause phytotoxicity problems in eucalyptus seedlings. Foliar fertilization can improve seedling development and mitigate the effects of herbicides on eucalyptus. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the sensitivity of eucalyptus clones subjected to herbicides applied postemergence and associated with the application of foliar fertilizer. For this, a field experiment was carried out with the application of the products indaziflam, clomazone, glyphosate + S-metolachlor, sulfentrazone, and diuron + sulfentrazone, plus the application of an additional foliar fertilizer (composition in g/L of 78, 13, 40.3, 1.17, 0.78, 16.9, 13, 14.3, 0.52, and 29.9, respectively, for C, N, S, B, Co, Fe, Cu, Mn, Mo, and Zn). Height, stem diameter, shoot dry mass, chlorophyll content, and visual intoxication were the analyzed variables. The herbicides indaziflam and glyphosate + S-metolachlor were the most harmful to the tested eucalyptus clones, interfering with the growth variables. Among the evaluated clones, Clone AEC 144 had more significant changes in the analyzed variables in treatments with herbicides and foliar fertilizer application. The eucalyptus seedlings were generally more sensitive to indaziflam and glyphosate + S-metolachlor herbicides. Foliar fertilization reduced the intoxication caused by indaziflam in Clone AEC 056. The fertilizer intensified treatment symptoms with clomazone and diuron + sulfentrazone in Clone AEC 144 and with sulfentrazone and diuron + sulfentrazone in Clone AEC 2034.

A agricultura desempenha um papel fundamental na economia brasileira, consolidando o país como um dos maiores produtores mundiais de commodities e serviços agrícolas. A presente revisão de literatura objetivou analisar e discutir informações já publicadas sobre estratégias para minimizar os riscos climáticos, de forma a atualizar e aprofundar o conhecimento sobre o assunto. Para alavancar a agricultura, a sustentabilidade tornou-se essencial, integrando o conhecimento científico às práticas agrícolas. Nesse contexto, a intensificação do uso da terra, aliada a sistemas integrados como a Integração Lavoura-Pecuária (ILP), a Integração Lavoura-Pecuária-Floresta (ILPF) e os Sistemas Agroflorestais (SAFs), tem mostrado impactos positivos na produtividade animal e vegetal. Uma das estratégias promissoras é o uso de consórcios agrícolas, que diversificam os sistemas produtivos, promovendo maior estabilidade por meio do fortalecimento e preservação de interações ecológicas. Um exemplo inovador é o Sistema Antecipe, desenvolvido pela Embrapa Milho e Sorgo. Essa tecnologia permite a semeadura intercalar do milho de segunda safra entre as linhas da soja ainda em fase de desenvolvimento, antes da colheita da leguminosa. Conclui que a ILPF, SAFs, o Sistema Plantio Direto (SPD), cultivos consorciados e Zoneamento Agrícola de Risco Climático (ZARC) demonstram ser tecnologias que promovem maximização da produtividade e na redução de riscos climáticos, aumentando resiliência de sistemas agropecuários no Brasil.

The objective of this work is to present the biotechnological events available for cultivation, mainly in Brazil, and to discuss their introduction as part of weed management. Weeds represent a significant challenge in crop production, causing significant losses in both yield and harvest quality. Therefore, effective control of these plants is required. The widely adopted chemical control methods have selected for resistant weed population over the years. To address this issue, Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) resistant to the herbicide glyphosate were developed. This innovation revolutionized weed management in crops such as soybeans, maize, and cotton, bringing significant advances to Brazilian agriculture. This technology was well received by producers due to its practicality and low cost. However, the large-scale adoption of these cultivars led to widespread glyphosate use, resulting in a considerable increase in glyphosate resistance weeds. Consequently, weed management has become increasingly challenging, leaving producers with more limited and less effective options. To overcome this situation, new herbicide-tolerant cultivars that combine genes with distinct resistance traits are being introduced to the market. To date, 14 traits in soybean, 9 in corn, and 9 in cotton have been approved for commercial release. These new cultivars represent promising alternatives to the challenges posed by glyphosate-resistant weeds. Nevertheless, they must be used incorporated into integrated weed management system to ensure the long-term effectiveness and sustainability of these technologies.