With the proposal of China’s national “double carbon” strategic goal, carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) technology has attracted more and more attention. Due to the high cost, high energy consumption and high risk of CCUS technology, this technology is still in the initial stage of development in China. Among them, CO₂ geological storage is one of the risks, and the environmental monitoring technology of CO₂ storage leakage is particularly important in the large-scale popularization and application of CCUS technology in China. On the basis of extensive research on the related literature concerning CO₂ storage and leakage, this paper begins with the types and mechanisms of CO₂ storage, analyzes the ways and risks of CO₂ storage and leakage and then summarizes the existing environmental monitoring technologies of CO₂ geological storage and leakage. In the future, China can promote the progress of CO₂ geological storage monitoring technology and help achieve the goal of “double carbon” by strengthening the research on CO₂ storage mechanism and main control factors, perfecting the risk assessment method of CO₂ storage, constructing the monitoring technology system of the CO₂ storage life cycle, and standardizing the CO₂ storage risk response system.

Stress sensitivity of multiscale pore structure of shale gas reservoir under fracturing fluid imbibition