Hierarchical T-Nb₂O₅ nanostructure has been firstly investigated as anode material for potassium-ion battery with fast kinetics, contributing to superior electrochemical performance of potassium dual-ion battery.

Sodium-based dual-ion batteries (SDIBs) have been attracting increasing attention in recent years owing to their low cost, environmental benignancy, and high operating voltage. However, the sluggish ion kinetics of conventional carbon anodes that cannot match the fast capacitive anion intercalation behavior of graphite cathodes constraints on improving power density of SDIBs. Herein, we present an ingenious carbon microdomain engineering strategy to fabricate high-performance carbon anode with ion-mediated high-activity nitrogen species and molecular-scale closed-pore architectures. Experimental characterizations and theoretical investigations demonstrate that Zn ²⁺ -mediated structural engineering tailors oxidized nitrogen species, which proficiently accelerate the sodium-ion desolvation kinetics; meanwhile the acetate-mediated pore-forming process modulates closed pores, which synergistically afford abundant sodium storage sites for high plateau-region capacity. As a result, the optimized microdomain engineered carbon material (MEC ₃ ) tailored with the optimal amount of zinc acetate demonstrates an outstanding plateau-region capacity of 253 mAh g ^− 1 even at 1 C, among the highest reported values. Consequently, the MEC ₃ ||expanded graphite dual-ion battery exhibits an unprecedented cycling stability at high current rate, maintaining 80.6% capacity retention after 10,000 cycles at 10 C, among the best reports. This microdomain engineering strategy provides a new design principle for overcoming kinetic limitations of carbonaceous materials in plateau-dominated sodium storage systems.

Operando measurement of expansion force has become an effective way of monitoring physical-chemical events in lithium-ion batteries, of which the conventional optical means is limited by material fragility, structural incompatibility and system complexity. The utilization of flexible sensors can potentially address these challenges; however, their functionality and stability are restricted within hours in corrosive environments. Here, an in-situ unified iontronic sensing mechanism, derived from the super-capacitive electrode/electrolyte interface, is developed for expansion-force measurement in highly corrosive electrolyte environments. Specifically, it leverages the structural and material similarities between batteries and iontronic sensors to create a unified assessing device, utilizing only existing materials to produce in-situ detection. Consequently, the intelligence-incorporated architecture exhibits exceptional stability for continuous measurements over one month, enabling 400 charging/discharging cycles in a battery lifespan. Therefore, the unified iontronic sensing device, which has long-term on-board monitoring of expansion forces, offers an accurate and effective solution for the aging evaluation and safety pre-warning of lithium-ion batteries.

Organic perovskites are promising optoelectronic semiconductor materials with photoelectric applications. It is known that the luminescence of perovskites is highly sensitive to hydron molecules due to its low moisture resistance of crystal structure, indicating its potential application on humidity-sensing. Herein, a novel perovskite-based compound (PBC) with minimal defects was developed to promote the photoluminescence performance via optimization of the drying method and precursor constitutions. Perovskite materials with good structural integrity and enhanced fluorescence performance up to four times were obtained from supercritical drying. Moreover, the hydrophilic polymer matrix, polyethylene oxide (PEO), was added to obtain a composite of perovskite/PEO (PPC), introducing enhanced humidity sensitivity and solution processibility. These perovskite/PEO composites also exhibited long-term stability and manifold cycles of sensitivity to humidity owing to perovskite encapsulation by PEO. In addition, this precursor solution of perovskite-based composites could be fancily processed by multiple methods, including printing and handwriting, which demonstrates the potential and broaden the applications in architecture decoration, logos, trademarks, and double encryption of anti-fake combined with humidity.