Dental health is often neglected among the elderly because of the numerous comorbidities in this population, such as cardiovascular diseases. However, dental health influences general health and quality of life by impacting both the general health and the psychological state of the individual. The present review highlights the main dental comorbidities in the elderly population, their impact on the quality of life, the barriers towards access to dental care in the elderly and methods to improve their dental health. Information related to dental care and its importance must be provided both to older individuals and their caregivers in order to detect dental pathology and treat it adequately. Ensuring dental health involves the whole society of elders, caregivers, dental care providers, the public sector, health policymakers, and the private sector.

Chronic treatment with oral levodopa is associated with an increased frequency of motor complications in the late stages of Parkinson’s disease (PD). Continuous administration of levodopa–carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG—Duodopa^®, Abbott Laboratories), which has been available in Romania since 2009, represents an option for treating patients with advanced PD. Our primary objective was to report changes in motor complications after initiation of LCIG therapy. The secondary objectives were as follows: to determine the impact of LCIG therapy on the daily levodopa dose variation before/and after LCIG, to collect patient self-assessments of quality of life (QoL), and to study the overall tolerability and safety of LCIG administration. A retrospective analysis (2009–2013) of LCIG therapy and the experience in nine neurology centers in Romania was performed. The impact of LCIG therapy was evaluated by analyzing changes in motor fluctuations, dyskinesia and the patients’ QoL after initiating therapy. The safety of LCIG therapy was estimated by noting agent-related adverse events (AEs) and medical device-related AEs. In the 113 patients included, we observed a significant improvement in PD symptoms after initiation of LCIG therapy. The “on” period increased, with a mean value of 6.14 h, and the dyskinesia period was reduced, with a mean value of 29.4 %. The quantified non-motor symptoms subsided. The patients exhibited significant improvements in QoL scores. There were few AEs and few cases of LCIG therapy discontinuation. LCIG is an important and available therapeutic option for managing patients with advanced PD.

Background: Before the advent of fibrinolytic therapy as a gold standard method of care for cases of acute ischemic stroke in Romania, issues regarding legal medicine aspects involved in this area of medical expertise were already presented and, in the majority of cases, the doctors seem to be unprepared for these situations. Main text: The present research illustrates some of the cases in which these aspects were involved, that adressed a clinical center having 6 years of professional experience in the application of fibrinolytic treatment for stroke. The following cases report either situations in which the afore mentioned therapy was not rightfully administrated or legal aspects regarding the obtainment of informed consent. Conclusion: Obtaining informed consent is a mandatory procedure, which takes time, to the detriment of application of fibrinolytic treatment.

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the status of the elderly patient with oral pathology, comparing two groups of elderly patients, from the point of view of presentation for periodic dental control (regular and irregular). In carrying out the study, the following parameters were analyzed: the epidemiological profile of the group of patients; associated chronic diseases; dental hygiene; the accessibility of, and attendance at, dental health services; quality of life; and dental clinical diagnosis. Of the 120 elderly patients included in the study, only 25% present regularly for dental checkups. Increasing age leads to a reduction in the share of patients who regularly present themselves for dental checkups, and patients with higher education and those with higher incomes regularly visit the dentist. Associated chronic diseases are found in both groups; patients with regular checkups have a statistically significantly lower drug consumption for dental pain in the last month compared to those who present irregularly for checkups. A better achievement of dental hygiene is observed in patients who regularly see the dentist. It is alarming that we find patients (10% among those who do not visit the dentist regularly) who do not use a toothbrush and toothpaste, and approximately 40% of the patients enrolled in the study do not know which toothpaste they use. Approximately 40% of the interviewed patients indicate a lack of money as the main reason for attending the dentist only when necessary. Difficult access is mentioned by 10% of the group of patients who regularly visit the dentist and who come from rural areas. The reasons for visiting the dentist are different in the two groups: patients who regularly visit the dentist request caries treatment or prosthetic work, or they present with dental bleeding; patients with irregular checkups especially request emergency services such as toothache treatment, assistance with denture problems, and tooth extractions. When undergoing odontal and endodontic examination, 60% of the respondents who go to the dentist as required suffer from periodontal disease, and 50% of them suffer from class I and II edentation. The results of the study demonstrated that elderly patients who regularly attend periodic dental checkups have better self-reported and dentist-confirmed oral health status.

Intracranial epidermoid cysts are rare, representing almost 1% of all primary tumors and when are located in the diploe result from entrapped ectodermal embryonic remnants. Because of frequent complications, imaging studies are mandatory for highlighting erosions of both outer and inner table of the calvaria and treatment preparation. We enlisted three female patients within our study, comparing imaging with histopathology aspects. Even though the bone destruction was evident, no atypia or malignant signs were highlighted in serial sections. The interesting fact that we present is that our patients are all females, opposed to what is written in literature. Although the positive diagnosis can be made by imaging, histopathological examination of these cysts is mandatory for identifying malignant behavior.