This paper studies the problem of target control and how a virtual ellipsoid can avoid the static obstacle. During the motion to the target set, the virtual ellipsoid can achieve a motion under collision avoidance by keeping the distance between the ellipsoid and obstacle. We present solutions to this problem in the class of closed-loop (feedback) controls based on Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman (HJB) equation. Simulation results verify the validity and effectiveness of our algorithm.

Environmental information disclosure, a key tool in modern environmental governance, drives green technology innovation and sustainable development. In this study, we examined how air information disclosure, induced by the issuance of China’s Ambient Air Quality Standards (AAQSs), drives urban sustainable development (USD) through environmental information disclosure. Using a multi-period difference-in-differences model and panel data from 278 cities (2005–2022), we analyzed causal effects, mechanisms, and urban heterogeneity. The findings offer insights for leveraging disclosure to advance urban sustainability. The results showed that AAQSs’ implementation significantly increases USD. Mechanism analysis revealed two mediating pathways: stimulating green technological innovation and enhancing governmental environmental concern. Climate policy uncertainty positively moderates this relationship. Heterogeneity analysis revealed stronger impacts in non-provincial capital cities, non-resource-dependent cities, and regions with weaker sustainable development foundations. The findings provide empirical evidence for leveraging information disclosure to promote green transitions and strengthen environmental concerns.