Nuclear science and technology (NST) offers a multitude of applications and tools and has a high level of regulation. However, its contribution to the achievement of global development goals is still incipient. Although its application is directly related to many fields, especially sustainability, the current literature does not relate it to socio-environmental issues, hindering the adoption of public policies based on isotopic and nuclear solutions. In large and megacities, the promotion of human well-being and the conservation of ecosystems are urgent global challenges, especially as a function of the growing expansion of land use modification, water scarcity, and climate change. The relationship between society and NST is addressed in this study, which aims to show how and in what ways the emerging and innovative nuclear and isotopic solutions contribute to the urban dimension of the United Nations 2030 Agenda, expressed by SDG 11 (Sustainable Cities and Communities), and its connection to land, water, and climate change in cities. This gap in knowledge compromises the targeting of resources to improve NST as a development strategy. Demystifying NST and increasing collaboration between ecosystem services and other issues related to sustainability in cities are key to implementing global development policies, especially at the local governance level.

Groundwater is of vital significance to achieve the 2030 Agenda and its Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs); nevertheless, it remains vulnerable to contamination from phenolic compounds. This systematic review critically evaluates the chromatographic and spectrometric techniques applied in real-case groundwater contamination studies involving phenolic compounds. It highlights advances, limitations, and research gaps. A comprehensive research strategy retrieved a total of 345 publications from the Scopus and Web of Science databases, of which 52 (from the years 1984 to 2023) met the PRISMA criteria. The review identified 107 phenolic compounds across 25 countries. Temporal and spatial analyses, source identification, and pollutant profiles were systematically assessed per country. The study also mapped priority (n = 11) and hazardous (n = 27) phenolic compounds according to the USEPA, comparing their detectability across analytical methods. The most frequently applied techniques were LC-MS and LC-MS/MS, while GC-MS demonstrated competitive performance when combined with derivatization. The study found that contamination was predominantly reported in the Global North, with industrial and domestic sewage being the main sources. The highest concentrations reported were 40 × 10⁶ ng/L for 4-methylphenol and 50 × 10⁶ ng/L for phenol, both of which are hazardous substances typically linked to industrial/domestic effluents and the use of pesticides. These findings highlight the imperative for regulatory measures and international scientific collaboration to enhance groundwater monitoring, particularly in the Global South, where data scarcity persists.

Urban trees play an important role in urban planning and are directly linked to urban spaces that promote ecosystem services such as biodiversity conservation and carbon stock. A useful methodology to quantify the above-ground (ABG) biomass, and consequently, the carbon stocks, in this green infrastructure is the allometric models made for tropical areas. This work aimed to evaluate the carbon stock in public squares within the central region of São Paulo city, thus contributing to the comprehension of São Paulo’s green infrastructure. To test the models, tree density and ABG biomass of approximately 7 ha of urban green areas in the center of São Paulo city were evaluated. The activities involved measuring the diameter at breast height (DBH) of the trees and the total height of all individuals with a DBH greater than 5 cm. The results showed that the public squares varied in size and number of trees. The average height of trees also varied along the squares, probably influencing the ABG biomass allocation. Also, the results showed that there was a considerable variation between the ABG biomass estimated along the models. Some squares stood out in absolute terms of ABG biomass accumulation. The size of the green area correlated only with the total number of individuals found (R2=0.44). The total ABG biomass, tree density, and ABG biomass density did not present a significant relationship with the size of the squares. This work demonstrates, for the first time, the attributes of tree communities in public squares of- São Paulo city and provides technical information for the management of public policies related to the protection and maintenance of urban green areas.

Introdução: A Reserva da Biosfera do Cinturão Verde de São Paulo, com 2,33 milhões de hectares e sua área urbana interna com 220 mil hectares, configura-se como território de segurança hídrica e expressa uma relação direta entre desenvolvimento urbano e áreas que garantem bem-estar e serviços ecossistêmicos para 12% da população brasileira. Com setenta e oito municípios que integram total ou parcialmente a GBBR, as diferenças socioeconômicas e os diferentes contextos de urbanização e governança refletem na gestão territorial em nível local e impactam as agendas ambientais e regionais de desenvolvimento sustentável.Objetivo: A partir de um levantamento das políticas ambientais e correlações entre indicadores econômicos e socioambientais em escala municipal para toda a área de estudo, este artigo avalia o nível de desenvolvimento das principais políticas públicas ambientais e identifica a relação entre essas políticas e -indicadores ambientais.Originalidade: Embora a Reserva da Biosfera do Cinturão Verde seja uma área reconhecida pela Organização das Nações Unidas (ONU), a gestão de seu território depende das ações municipais que a compõem. Pouca atenção tem sido dada à gestão ambiental, principalmente no que se refere às políticas públicas ambientais e a uma compreensão ampla e permanente da conservação dessa área.Resultados: A análise mostra que os diferentes municípios da GBBR possuem diferentes níveis de implementação da Agenda Ambiental. Ao considerar os Planos Municipais de Arborização Urbana, Adaptação às Mudanças Climáticas, Mata Atlântica e Resíduos Sólidos, apenas Guarujá, Mogi das Cruzes, Santos e São Paulo possuem essas quatro políticas em elaboração ou concluídas, enquanto para 33,3% (n=25) das nos municípios, nenhuma dessas agendas foi desenvolvida, e foi identificada uma correlação positiva entre o IDH e o maior número de políticas implementadas.Contribuição: Cidades de grande e médio porte do estado de São Paulo, Brasil, apresentam estudos que abordam padrões e processos ecológicos, porém não abordam questões específicas sobre o setor ambiental propriamente dito, que este trabalho se propôs a fornecer.Conclusão: Como o Cinturão Verde responde por 72% do volume de água potável em toda a cidade de São Paulo, as disparidades entre os indicadores municipais analisados reforçam a necessidade de adoção do GBBR como plataforma de governança adequada para integrar políticas em diferentes escalas para a sustentabilidade. desenvolvimento Regional. São necessários esforços sistêmicos, principalmente em escala municipal, para realizar uma gestão ambiental adequada do território GBBR.

As urban areas expand rapidly, understanding the complex interactions between human migration, climate change impacts, and biodiversity loss is crucial for effective climate policy. However, comprehensive knowledge of the simultaneous interaction of these aspects is still scarce. Thus, this paper proposes the classification of ‘Climate Emergency Coastal Cities’, with the categorization of 43 cities into four levels according to their vulnerability (extreme, very high, high, and critical). Our study contributes to evidence-based climate policy and supports efficient resource allocation and interventions for the most vulnerable coastal cities. Highly anthropogenic megacities were ranked as the most sensitive to climate emergencies (Lagos, Nigeria; Jakarta, Indonesia; Los Angeles and Houston, USA; and Hong Kong and Shenzhen, China). It is noteworthy that in countries from both the Global North and South, the entry of new populations is a critical issue, and represents a threat to urban structures and biodiversity; however, in territories with fragile economies and numerous governance challenges, the required structure is still more challenging. The study concludes that integrated urban planning policies are crucial, considering various perspectives and coordinated actions. Policies should address marginalized urban groups and include migrants, and promote human well-being, ecosystem recovery, and climate mitigation, for effective adaptation.

Anais do 61º Congresso da Sociedade Brasileira de Economia, Administração e Sociologia Rural (SOBER) (978-85-5722-931-0) - Análise Comparativa De Índices De Classificação Do Uso Do Solo E Sua Aplicação No Entorno Da Baía De Guanabara