We aimed to determine the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress in university students in Paraguay during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional study was conducted among 293 students from four universities in Paraguay in 2021. The DASS-21 mental health scale was used to measure the outcomes (depression, anxiety, and stress) and evaluate their association with socio-educational variables. A total of 77.1% of the participants were women and 136 (46.4%) were between 21 and 25 years old. The prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress was 74.7%, 87.4%, and 57%, respectively. We found that being a woman and studying at a public university was positively associated with depression, anxiety, and stress. Receiving COVID-19 training increases the prevalence of mental health problems. In conclusion, high levels of anxiety, depression, and stress were found in university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Being a woman, studying at a public university, and receiving training on COVID-19 were factors associated with a higher prevalence of presenting all the mental health problems evaluated. Furthermore, students aged 31 and over had a higher prevalence of depression and stress.

COVID-19 caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread worldwide, becoming a long-term pandemic. To analyze the factors associated with mortality in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 in a tertiary hospital in the Lambayeque region of Peru. A retrospective cohort study of patients with a diagnosis of COVID-19, hospitalized in a hospital in northern Peru, was conducted from March to September 2020. Of the 297 patients studied, 69% were women, the mean age was 63.99 years (SD = ±15.33 years). Hypertension was the most frequent comorbidity (36.67%), followed by diabetes mellitus (24.67%) and obesity (8.33%). The probability of survival at 3 days of ICU stay was 65.3%, at 7 days 24.2%, and 0% on day 14. Risk factors associated with mortality in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 are age, male sex, tachypnea, low systolic blood pressure, low peripheral oxygen saturation, impaired renal function, elevated IL-6 and elevated D-dimer. Mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 was 51.18 per 100 persons, Mortality was found to be associated with hypertension, type of infiltrating, and sepsis.

Objectives: Traditional, Alternative, and Complementary Medicine (T&CM) encompasses a variety of health practices that differ from the conventional medical system, including the use of medicinal herbs and complementary therapies. In Peru, these practices, particularly the use of therapeutic plants, are legally protected and commonly used for treating certain conditions. However, the lack of inclusion of T&CM in medical education puts these practices at risk of disappearing. To analyze the inclusion of T&CM courses in the curricula of medical schools in Peru to identify gaps and opportunities for improving medical education and ensuring comprehensive training for future healthcare professionals. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted by reviewing the curricula of 47 Peruvian medical schools. Data on the presence, structure, and content of T&CM courses were extracted and analyzed descriptively. Results: In 2024, 15 out of 47 Peruvian universities offering Human Medicine programs (31.9 %) included T&CM courses. Among them, 73 % were public institutions, and 53 % were located in coastal regions. The most common topics were Traditional Chinese Medicine (93.3 %), Traditional Peruvian Medicine (87 %), phytotherapy (93 %), and acupuncture (80 %). Course structure varied: 60 % of courses were elective, while 40 % were mandatory. Most universities (93 %) allocated 2–3 academic credits, and 80 % incorporated practical training, though structured field visits were rare (6.7 %). Additionally, 53 % of universities included research activities. The lack of standardized curricular guidelines led to variability in course content and depth across institutions. Conclusions: Few universities in Peru teach T&CM, highlighting a need to enhance medical education. Increasing T&CM topics in curricula and addressing information access disparities are crucial.

Objectives: To synthesize the clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes of newborns with aplasia cutis congenita (ACC) type I. Introduction: ACC type I is a rare congenital condition characterized by isolated scalp defects without associated malformations. Evidence is limited and fragmented. Methods: We conducted a systematic review of studies reporting individual-level clinical data, including case reports, case series, and correspondence describing individual patients, following PRISMA guidelines. An additional clinical case was included. Results: Thirty-six studies, including 69 newborns, were analyzed. Most lesions were solitary (84.1%), located on the vertex (61.9%), superficial (55%), and more frequent in males (60.9%). Management was predominantly surgical. Complications were uncommon (21.3%), and outcomes were generally favorable. Conclusion: ACC type I typically presents as an isolated scalp defect with a favorable prognosis. Lesion characteristics and risk of complications should guide management.