After a stroke, most patients often suffer reduced walking ability and balance. Restoring walking ability and improving balance are major goals of stroke rehabilitation. Treadmills are often used in clinical setups to achieve this goal. The objective of this study is to assess the efficacy of different approaches and determine their comparative effectiveness, such as real-time sagittal visual feedback during treadmill training with the conventional mirror feedback treadmill training program of the same intensity in stroke patients. The Real-time Visual feedback after Stroke in Treadmill training (REVISIT) trial is a two-arm randomized control trial. Thirty eligible stroke survivors undergoing rehabilitation were randomly assigned to either real-time visual sagittal feedback along with the front mirror (experimental) group or only the front mirror treadmill training (control) group for 5-6 weeks. All participants underwent 15 sessions of treadmill training, with each session lasting up to 15 minutes at a safe speed of their choosing. The REVISIT (experimental) groups received real-time, visual sagittal view feedback of the involved lower limb trajectory along with the routine front mirror view during treadmill training and they were requested to alter their gait pattern. The trial contributed to the existing innovation and modifications of incorporating real-time visual feedback during treadmill training in post-stroke gait rehabilitation. The findings will help in the design of a gait rehabilitation program with a treadmill for post-stroke subjects to improve walking speed and balance for those who have greater difficulties in community ambulation.

Introduction: Physical activity (PA) is widely recognized for its cognitive and psychological benefits, yet its direct relationship with academic performance remains inconclusive. This study focused on the correlation between PA levels and academic performance among physiotherapy students.Objective: This study aimed to determine the association between PA levels and academic performance in undergraduate physiotherapy students and explore whether demographic factors, such as gender and Body Mass Index (BMI), influence this relationship.Methodology: A cross-sectional, correlational study was conducted with 102 undergraduate physiotherapy students aged 18 to 25 years. PA levels were assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), while academic performance was determined through self-reported Grade Point Average (GPA). Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Spearman’s correlation, and chi-square tests.Results: The findings showed no significant correlation between PA levels and GPA (p > 0.05), suggesting that PA does not directly influence academic achievement. However, most students maintained high PA levels, indicating that exercise is an integrated aspect of their lifestyle rather than a competing demand. Additionally, gender and BMI were not significantly associated with PA or academic performance.Discussion: These results align with previous studies suggesting that PA supports cognitive function and well-being but does not necessarily enhance academic outcomes. Factors such as study habits, motivation, and curriculum structure may have a more substantial influence on academic performance than PA alone. Conclusions: Although PA does not directly impact GPA, it remains essential for student well-being and stress management. Future research should explore different PA types and their effects on academic performance using objective measures and longitudinal designs.

Background/Objectives: This study looks at how a kinematic chain exercise regimen that targets the lower, core, and upper body affects university shot put participants’ shoulder muscle strength and throwing efficiency. This study fills an apparent research void on shot put training approaches by presenting a comprehensive kinematic chain workout program. It was anticipated that this method would improve performance the most, considering the complex biomechanical requirements of the sport. Methods: Eighty athletes aged (19.87 ± 1.31 years), were assigned into two groups at random: experimental (n = 40) and control (n = 40). While the control group carried on with their usual training, the experimental group participated in an 8-week kinematic chain training program. Pre- and post-training evaluations were carried out to evaluate shot put-throwing ability, shoulder muscle strength, and participant satisfaction with the exercise regimen. Results: The analyses were performed to evaluate the between- and within-group effects in the 10-week intervention period using a two-way ANOVA. This study demonstrated that, when compared to the control group, the athletes in the kinematic chain program had significantly increased throwing distance (p = 0.01) and shoulder muscle strength (p = 0.01). Furthermore, there was a significant increase (p = 0.005) in the athletes’ satisfaction levels with the workout program among those in the experimental group. Conclusions: In shot put athletes, this study suggests that a kinematic chain-focused strategy can improve throwing performance and shoulder muscle strength. The findings suggest that incorporating kinematic chain workouts into shot put training programs could be beneficial. However, conclusions should be drawn with caution, and further research is necessary to confirm the effectiveness of kinematic chain-based approaches across various sports and to understand their broader implications in sports science.

Frozen shoulder is a chronic disabling disease of the shoulder. The management of the frozen shoulder are numerous, but the studies show their own limitation. Biomechanically, it was noted that the cause of the frozen shoulder is capsular tightness. However, previous studies are not explained this well. So, this study was designed to identify the effect of capsular stretch on a frozen shoulder. Study was conducted at the OPD of physiotherapy, Chettinad Super Specialist Hospital, Chennai. Two hundred and twenty participants were selected for the study. Screening was conducted for these participants, and eighty were recruited for the study. They were all randomly allocated into two groups, with twenty-five (25) in each. Group I, with 25 subjects,, was given capsular stretching for 15 minutes and moist heat therapy for 10 mins. Group II, with 25 subjects, was given general shoulder exercises for 15 minutes and moist heat therapy for 10 mins. All the subjects were taught with Codman’s pendular exercises as a home programme. Study was conducted for eight (8) weeks. The outcomes selected in this study are pain and range of motion (Abduction & External rotation). This was assessed using a Numerical pain rating scale and Goniometer. Collected data were analyzed using SPSS 24.0. The NPR and ROM variables were examined using the unpaired ‘t’-test with the 0.05%. The result of the study shows that the ‘t’ value for the NPR is 20.25 ± 0.15 with p< 0.05%, the Abduction range of motion is 15.6 ± 2.77, and External rotation is 15.04 ± 1.53. This indicates a marked difference obtained among Group I and Group II, as well as a substantial variation between the pre-intervention and post-intervention values. This study concluded that capsular stretching had significantly improved pain and shoulder range of motion more than shoulder exercises.

Background: Chronic ankle instability (CAI) is the most common injury among the football players and it occurs with the players who have history of repetitive ankle sprain. This will result in limitation of functional ability and sport performance of a football player. However, most of the sport rehabilitation focused on the sport performance of an athletic after ankle sprain injury and the functional ability was not stressed on during the return to sport process. It is because the relationship between the level functional ability and sport performance among the football players with CAI is still unclear. Objectives: To determine the relationship between the level of functional ability and sports performance among the football players with chronic ankle instability (CAI). Study Design: Correlation study. Methods: Forty two (n=42) of football players were involved in this study by convenience sampling design. Football players filled in the questionnaire which was Foot and Ankle Ability Measure (FAAM) which included the activities of daily living (ADL) subscale and sports subscale. The total score of each subscale for all the players were calculated and Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient was used to analyze the relationship. Results: A total of twenty five (60%) of the football players had higher ADL score than the sports score while seventeen (40%) of them had higher sports score than ADL score. The mean score for ADL subscale was 79.63±20.64 (%) whereas for sports subscale was 75.59±25.43 (%). Pearson’s correlation was .92 (r=.92) and it is significant at .01 level (p <.00). Conclusion: There is a significant relationship between the level of functional ability and sports performance among the football players with chronic ankle instability (CAI). Implication: It provides a guideline for the physiotherapy or football player to plan a more structured rehabilitation in order to improve the quality of return to sport performance.

The present study delves into the realm of collegiate shot-put athletes' throwing techniques, aiming to undertake a comprehensive comparative video analysis of various throwing styles. The primary objective is to visually explore these athletes' diverse throwing techniques and shed light on the critical performance factors associated with each style. By employing video analysis tools and techniques, this research intends to provide a detailed examination of the biomechanical nuances and body movements in different throwing methods. Through an extensive collection of video footage featuring collegiate shot-put athletes, the study will meticulously dissect and compare the variations in throwing techniques. The aim is to analyse the different types of throwing techniques used and the technique that produces the best result by collegiate shot-put athletes in and around Bangalore. 220 shot-put athletes of age group between 18-25 years, representing colleges from different Universities were approached to analyse their shot-put throwing technique with two high-definition cameras and analysed using Kinovea software. The mean rank for velocity was higher in the glide technique for both male and female athletes compared to the rotational technique. Male athletes with higher BMI used rotational technique in comparison to athletes with lower BMI, in female athletes with higher BMI used glide technique in comparison to athletes with lower BMI (p-0.0001.) Based on the results obtained from our study, the glide technique was the most prevalent technique used by collegiate athletes. The gliding technique showed better throwing distance than the rotational technique. The findings of this study hold the potential to offer valuable insights to coaches, athletes, and researchers in the field of shot-put training and sports biomechanics. The comparative video analysis approach provides a unique visual perspective that supplements the existing body of knowledge concerning shot put techniques.