Introduction: the urinary tract infection is a pathology frequents as well in community as at the hospital. In last years, there has been increased the incidence of antibiotic resistance in Uropathogenic Enterobacteriaceae. This development explains the need for periodic regional surveillance of this resistance to antibiotics, which poses a real problem of public health, because it affects several molecules ranging from β-lactam to quinolones.Objective: the aims of this study is to determine the profile of antibiotic resistance of Uropathogenic Enterobacteriaceae isolated from medical analysis laboratories in Casablanca, Morocco.Materials and methods: This is a prospective study that was conducted on patients who visited medical analysis laboratories in Casablanca city, for urinalysis test from 01 January 2017 to 30 December 2018 (a two full years). The culture was performed according to the usual techniques, and the antibiogram was done according to the recommendations of the Antibiogram Committee of the French Society of Microbiology. The statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel (Microsoft 2016).Results: During our study, we reported 18% of urinary tract infections, Sex ratio F/M was 1.79. In addition, Enterobacteriaceae were the most common germs. Of all the strains isolated, we noted a predominance of Escherichia coli with 75.41%) and Klebsiella ssp with 17.05%.In the course of this study period, we observed high rates of resistance to the main classes of antibiotics, and an overall increase between 2017 and 2018 in this resistance to the majority of β-lactam antibiotics, quinolones and aminoglycosides for almost all species of Uropathogenic Enterobacteriaceae. However, amikacin was the most active molecule against the Uropathogenic Enterobacteriaceae strains isolates.Conclusion: The development of resistance of Uropathogenic Enterobacteriaceae to antibiotics is a worrying phenomenon that exposes us to difficulties in the therapeutic management of infections. The current control of antimicrobial resistance is a real emergency and requires the involvement of public awareness before government instructions.

Introduction: The purpose of this research is to evaluate the resistance profile of uropathogenic staphylococci bacteria in Casablanca, Morocco. Methodology: In this retrospective cross-sectional research carried out from January 2017 to December 2020, isolation and identification were carried out according to the usual techniques in medical microbiology. Staphylococcus aureus isolates were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the nuc gene, and the antibiogram was performed according to the guidelines of the Antibiogram Committee of the French Society of Microbiology (CA-SFM 2021). The susceptibility of uropathogenic staphylococci to vancomycin was determined with broth microdilution following the recommendations of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. The mecA gene was tested on phenotypically cefoxitin-resistant S. aureus isolates by PCR. Results: The prevalence of urinary tract infections (UTIs) was 18% (772/4374). UTIs were more common in females (n = 483, 63%) than males (n = 289, 37%). Among the Gram-positive bacteria isolated (198, 25.65%), the prevalence of staphylococci was (130/198, 65.66%). Among staphylococcal species identified, coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) were more prevalent (112/130, 86.15%), and Staphylococcus saprophyticus was the most frequently isolated CoNS (46/112, 41.07%). Additionally, there were several S. aureus strains (18/130, 13.85%). Forty-four percent of S. aureus isolates (n = 8) were resistant to cefoxitin and also harboured the mecA gene. All S. aureus isolates were susceptible to linezolid, cotrimoxazole and vancomycin. Conclusions: The prevalence and antibacterial resistance patterns of uropathogenic staphylococci in this study, with a high percentage of methicillin resistance, require careful consideration of antimicrobial therapy for staphylococcal UTIs.