It is imperative to eliminate bacteria present in water in order to avoid problems in healthy. Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi bacteria are two common pollutants and they are developing resistance to some of the most used bactericide. Therefore new biocide materials are being tested. Thus, gold nanoparticles are proposed to inhibit the growth of these two microorganisms.

MIL-101(Cr)-4F(1%) shows a high uptake and high chemical stability to dry and humid SO₂ and a remarkable cyclability. In situ DRIF spectroscopy upon the adsorption of CO identified the preferential adsorption sites for this MOF material.

The partial functionalisation of MIL-101(Cr) with fluorine was successfully achieved, for the first time, with 2,3,5,6-tetrafluoro-1,4-benzenedicarboxylate (BDC-4F) affording MIL-101(Cr)-4F(1%). As a result of the functionalisation the acidity of the metal centres for MIL-101(Cr)-4F(1%) was enhanced, which was measured by cyclic voltammetry. The resulting adsorption properties of the new material were explored and compared to those of MIL-101(Cr). H₂O sorption experiments demonstrated an augmented hydrophobicity of the material due to the incorporation of fluorine atoms. CO₂ adsorption experiments exhibited an augmented CO₂ interaction energy (ΔH) for MIL-101(Cr)-4F(1%). The diffusion time constant for CO₂ showed a higher CO₂ mobility inside the pores of MIL-101(Cr) than in MIL-101(Cr)-4F(1%), which was also associated with a higher selectivity (α) of MIL-101(Cr)-4F(1%) towards CO₂. O₂ sorption isotherms of MIL-101(Cr)-4F(1%), at a high pressure (up to 90 bar), demonstrated O₂ uptakes among the highest values reported for a MOF material. H₂ adsorption isotherms exhibited, at low pressures, higher H₂ uptakes for the fluorine functionalised material. This was attributed to dipolar interactions of H₂ molecules with the fluorine atoms and corroborated by the calculation of ΔH for H₂. ¹²⁹Xe NMR experiments were used to investigate the atypical pore-surface electron density of MIL-101(Cr)-4F(1%), demonstrating a huge effect of the polarising power of the fluorine atoms on the highly polarisable Xe atoms. Finally, the capture of I₂ and H₂S on MIL-101(Cr)-4F(1%) showed considerably higher values in comparison to MIL-101(Cr). This was attributed to the high dipolarity and polarisability of the fluorinated pores.

MOF-composites are porous materials with a large surface area and functionalized with other types of materials (metallic nanoparticles, oxides, zeolites, etc. ), affording optimal and chemically stable structures for wastewater remediation.