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Dr. Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis
Section Engineering Systems and Services, Faculty of Technology, Policy, and Management, Delft University of Technology, 2628 BX Delft, the Netherlands

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0 energy transition
0 circular economy
0 bio-economy
0 Life cycle costing

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Journal article
Published: 05 January 2021 in Technological Forecasting and Social Change
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MSocial Life Cycle Assessment (S-LCA) uses a life cycle perspective to assess social impacts of products, and the S-LCA guidelines describe developing the system boundaries based on a factory-level perspective. However, such a perspective may exclude stakeholders with a negative social performance which are cooperating with a factory but are not directly involved with the product under study, and it can result in a step back on corporate social responsibility (CSR). Our study aimed to align S-LCA with the CSR concept. Therefore, we designed a case study for the manufacturing sector in which we practiced expanding the system boundaries of S-LCA. Our results showed larger social risks after expanding the system boundaries due to subsidiary and supplier companies located in countries with less strict regulations than the Netherlands, which is where the main organizations and parent company existed. We conclude that system boundaries expansion can result in more complete picture of the involved organizations, and lead practitioners to approach S-LCA with the goal of improving social conditions and identify companies which deserve excellent or poor social scores. Its usefulness is mostly expected when S-LCA practitioners aim to identify social hotspots in supply chains in socially sensitive markets.

ACS Style

Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis; Elena de Santo; Jose Jorge Espí Gallart; Joan Berzosa Corberá; Frederic Clarens Blanco; Udo Pesch; Gijsbert Korevaar. Developing social life cycle assessment based on corporate social responsibility: A chemical process industry case regarding human rights. Technological Forecasting and Social Change 2021, 165, 120564 .

AMA Style

Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis, Elena de Santo, Jose Jorge Espí Gallart, Joan Berzosa Corberá, Frederic Clarens Blanco, Udo Pesch, Gijsbert Korevaar. Developing social life cycle assessment based on corporate social responsibility: A chemical process industry case regarding human rights. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. 2021; 165 ():120564.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis; Elena de Santo; Jose Jorge Espí Gallart; Joan Berzosa Corberá; Frederic Clarens Blanco; Udo Pesch; Gijsbert Korevaar. 2021. "Developing social life cycle assessment based on corporate social responsibility: A chemical process industry case regarding human rights." Technological Forecasting and Social Change 165, no. : 120564.

Journal article
Published: 16 November 2020 in Energies
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Energy transition is a result of mankind’s reaction to climate change and individuals are expected to have a crucial role in achieving it in developed countries. The purpose of this study is to apply the social life cycle assessment (S-LCA) tool and investigate the social performance of the Dutch energy transition while focusing on individual behavior, and if this is not possible, to develop indicators focusing on individual behavior dimension. The social performance of the energy transition in the Netherlands was assessed on a hotspot level. Additionally, the S-LCA guidelines were examined to identify the human dimension and behavior in the existing subcategories, and environmental psychology literature was explored to identify drivers and behavior that are important for the energy transition. Existing subcategories fail to show the extent of social progress of the Dutch energy transition nor how individuals perceive it. As a result, a total of 8 subcategories and 25 indicators at a hotspot and site-specific levels are developed. These subcategories and indicators focus on prosumer’s and individual’s behaviors, and traits of local communities. Application of the developed hotspot indicators shows that the Dutch government still subsidies fossil energy and, even though Dutch citizens show environmental concerns, the energy transition is delayed due to insufficient top-down coordination. Developed indicators are considered to be both feasible and relevant to investigate the social aspects of the energy transition in developed countries.

ACS Style

Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis. Integrating Individual Behavior Dimension in Social Life Cycle Assessment in an Energy Transition Context. Energies 2020, 13, 5984 .

AMA Style

Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis. Integrating Individual Behavior Dimension in Social Life Cycle Assessment in an Energy Transition Context. Energies. 2020; 13 (22):5984.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis. 2020. "Integrating Individual Behavior Dimension in Social Life Cycle Assessment in an Energy Transition Context." Energies 13, no. 22: 5984.

Journal article
Published: 06 February 2020 in Sustainable Production and Consumption
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Environmental pollution, resource scarcity, and freshwater shortage are critical world challenges facing humanity. Process industry produces large amounts of brine, a waste water with a high salinity level and often critical raw materials. This study applies the social life cycle assessment (S-LCA) to quantify societal benefits and risks in developing brine treatment systems. S-LCA is implemented for hotspot and site-specific levels on four case studies of the Zero Brine project. Hotspot analysis focused on the major commodities. Social Hotspot Database was used as source for data and endpoint indicators. In addition, site-specific analysis regarded the social performance of the case studies companies; interviews and questionnaires were performed with representatives of the four case studies. The collected data were converted to scores with subcategory assessment method and performance reference points. The results show that for all case studies “Labor rights and decent work” and “Health and safety” indicators result in the largest impacts due to imports of commodities from developing countries. Site-specific results show that the overall social sustainability performance of the case study companies is at a good level. The only potential areas for improvement are the “Occupational accidents” and “Contribution to the local community”. The former are minimally higher for silica plant and higher for coal mine in relation to these sectors average accidents rates. Furthermore, the coal mine company can contribute more to the local community and reduce conflicts concerning environmental impacts at the city level. Common identified hotspots among the case studies are: China, India and Congo. Reducing imports from these countries will significantly improve the societal performance of the brine systems.

ACS Style

Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis; Jose Jorge Espí Gallart; Joan Berzosa Corberá; Frederic Clarens Blanco; Steve Harris; Gijsbert Korevaar. Social life cycle assessment of brine treatment and recovery technology: A social hotspot and site-specific evaluation. Sustainable Production and Consumption 2020, 22, 77 -87.

AMA Style

Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis, Jose Jorge Espí Gallart, Joan Berzosa Corberá, Frederic Clarens Blanco, Steve Harris, Gijsbert Korevaar. Social life cycle assessment of brine treatment and recovery technology: A social hotspot and site-specific evaluation. Sustainable Production and Consumption. 2020; 22 ():77-87.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis; Jose Jorge Espí Gallart; Joan Berzosa Corberá; Frederic Clarens Blanco; Steve Harris; Gijsbert Korevaar. 2020. "Social life cycle assessment of brine treatment and recovery technology: A social hotspot and site-specific evaluation." Sustainable Production and Consumption 22, no. : 77-87.

Journal article
Published: 25 October 2019 in Sustainability
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Social life cycle assessment (SLCA) was developed to complement the environmental life cycle assessment (LCA) and economic assessment. Contrary to LCA, SLCA is not yet standardized, and the consequential approach is little discussed in literature. This study aims to perform a consequential SLCA and investigate the applicability of the method in industrial decision making. The aforementioned assessment is done within the Zero Brine project, which works on zero liquid discharge technology for water, salt, and magnesium recovery from brine effluents. The developed SLCA systems are gate-to-gate, and the analysis is performed at two levels: Hotspot and site-specific. The system boundaries consist of a demineralized water (DW) production company, a chlor–alkali company, an electricity provider, a magnesium distributor in the Netherlands, and a Russian mining company. The latter exists only in the boundaries before the change due to the Zero Brine project, because recovered magnesium is expected to replace the Russian magnesium imported in the Netherlands. Within the system boundaries, the stakeholders contributing the most are the DW and the magnesium distributor companies. The former produces the brine and thus recovers the magnesium and salt. The latter is the exclusive distributor of Russian magnesium in the Netherlands. Overall, we find that the recovered magnesium results in improving social performance mainly in “Freedom of association and collective bargaining”, “Fair salary”, and “Health and Safety” due to decreasing the dependency of the Netherlands on Russia, while increasing operation in a country with much stronger environmental regulation and corporate commitment to sustainability issues. Modelling with SLCA may not result in the expected societal benefits, as the Russian community and workers may not benefit due to the large geographical boundaries of the system under study. Nevertheless, the application of the consequential approach can be considered suitable, yet complicated, for offering decision makers adequate social information. We recommend that decision makers in the DW company invest in magnesium recovery and that decision makers in the magnesium distributor company distribute the recovered magnesium.

ACS Style

Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis; Gijsbert Korevaar. Social Life Cycle Assessment of Brine Treatment in the Process Industry: A Consequential Approach Case Study. Sustainability 2019, 11, 5945 .

AMA Style

Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis, Gijsbert Korevaar. Social Life Cycle Assessment of Brine Treatment in the Process Industry: A Consequential Approach Case Study. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (21):5945.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis; Gijsbert Korevaar. 2019. "Social Life Cycle Assessment of Brine Treatment in the Process Industry: A Consequential Approach Case Study." Sustainability 11, no. 21: 5945.

Commentary and discussion article
Published: 26 August 2019 in The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment
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ACS Style

Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis; Gijsbert Korevaar. From the allocation debate to a substitution paradox in waste bioenergy life cycle assessment studies. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 2019, 25, 181 -187.

AMA Style

Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis, Gijsbert Korevaar. From the allocation debate to a substitution paradox in waste bioenergy life cycle assessment studies. The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment. 2019; 25 (2):181-187.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis; Gijsbert Korevaar. 2019. "From the allocation debate to a substitution paradox in waste bioenergy life cycle assessment studies." The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 25, no. 2: 181-187.

Research article
Published: 24 June 2019 in Energy Science & Engineering
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Furfural is a very promising product of lignocellulosic biomass‐based biorefineries and has the potential to become a useful resource for further conversion and utilization. Aquatic plants show an enormous potential as feedstock since they do not compete for land use, and they require minimal water consumption in a biorefinery concept due to their very high water content. This work is focused on experimental studies of furfural production from water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) by means of aqueous, acid‐catalyzed dehydration. The temperature range of the process, and the acid and seawater presence were chosen based on the previous relevant studies. The aim of the study was to determine whether water hyacinth is suitable for furfural production. The experiments were performed between 160°C and 200°C with a water hyacinth concentration of 2 wt%. The results suggest that the effects of acid catalyst presence on biomass dehydration are similar to the case of pure pentose dehydration. Furthermore, the addition of seawater did not have a positive catalytic effect in terms of the furfural yield. The maximum yield was 53.2 mol% based on the C5 sugar content in the original biomass. The furfural yield of 7.9 wt% of water hyacinth input was comparable to the yield of feedstocks such as corn cob, bagasse, and oat's residue and higher than the cases of rice straw or hulls. Thanks to the comparatively high pentose potential, water hyacinth shows promising results as a candidate feedstock for furfural production. A certain variability of pentosan should be taken into account, as the chemical composition of the plant depends on the source and harvesting seasons.

ACS Style

Wijittra Poomsawat; Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis; Christos Tsekos; Wiebren De Jong. Experimental studies of furfural production from water hyacinth ( Eichhornia Crassipes ). Energy Science & Engineering 2019, 7, 2155 -2164.

AMA Style

Wijittra Poomsawat, Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis, Christos Tsekos, Wiebren De Jong. Experimental studies of furfural production from water hyacinth ( Eichhornia Crassipes ). Energy Science & Engineering. 2019; 7 (5):2155-2164.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Wijittra Poomsawat; Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis; Christos Tsekos; Wiebren De Jong. 2019. "Experimental studies of furfural production from water hyacinth ( Eichhornia Crassipes )." Energy Science & Engineering 7, no. 5: 2155-2164.

Journal article
Published: 01 December 2018 in Renewable Energy
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Power generation from biomass is mentioned as a means to make our society more sustainable as it decreases greenhouse gas emissions of fossil origin and reduces the dependency on finite energy carriers, such as coal, oil and natural gas. When assessing the sustainability of power generation from biomass, it is important to consider the supply chain of the used biofuel by conducting a life cycle assessment of the system. Besides regular sustainability assessments, such as the calculation of the environmental sustainability, attention should be paid to exergy losses, i.e. the loss of 'energy quality', caused by the system as a whole, because every process and activity is accompanied with the loss of exergy and because the amount of exergy on earth can only be replenished by capturing new exergy from solar and tidal energy. This research compares the use of livestock manure and verge grass for power generation by assessing the systems from an environmental as well as an exergetic life cycle point of view. The assessed systems are the following: combustion of bioethanol from the fermentation of verge grass, combustion of substitute natural gas from anaerobic digestion of cow and pig manure and combustion of substitute natural gas from supercritical water gasification of cow and pig manure. The environmental sustainability is assessed by calculating ReCiPe endpoint indicators and the exergetic sustainability is assessed by applying the relatively new Total Cumulative Exergy Loss (TCExL) method. The TCExL method considers all exergy losses caused by a technological system during its life cycle, i.e. the internal exergy loss caused by the conversion of materials and energy, the abatement of emissions and the exergy loss related to land use. In addition to comparing the three systems as well as both assessment methods, the influence of taking into account the system's by-products as 'avoided products' and via 'allocation' on the assessment results is investigated. The bioethanol system appears more sustainable from an environmental sustainability point of view, while the bioethanol and supercritical water gasification systems are preferred from an exergetic sustainability point of view. The indicator of the environmental sustainability assessment is highly influenced by the way of taking into account by-products, while the exergetic sustainability indicator is not.

ACS Style

Lydia Stougie; Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis; Hedzer J. van der Kooi; Gijsbert Korevaar. Environmental and exergetic sustainability assessment of power generation from biomass. Renewable Energy 2018, 128, 520 -528.

AMA Style

Lydia Stougie, Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis, Hedzer J. van der Kooi, Gijsbert Korevaar. Environmental and exergetic sustainability assessment of power generation from biomass. Renewable Energy. 2018; 128 ():520-528.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Lydia Stougie; Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis; Hedzer J. van der Kooi; Gijsbert Korevaar. 2018. "Environmental and exergetic sustainability assessment of power generation from biomass." Renewable Energy 128, no. : 520-528.

Journal article
Published: 01 August 2018 in Fuel Processing Technology
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ACS Style

Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis; Christos Tsekos; Konstantinos Anastasakis; Wiebren de Jong. The impact of dry torrefaction on the fast pyrolysis behavior of ash wood and commercial Dutch mixed wood in a pyroprobe. Fuel Processing Technology 2018, 177, 255 -265.

AMA Style

Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis, Christos Tsekos, Konstantinos Anastasakis, Wiebren de Jong. The impact of dry torrefaction on the fast pyrolysis behavior of ash wood and commercial Dutch mixed wood in a pyroprobe. Fuel Processing Technology. 2018; 177 ():255-265.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis; Christos Tsekos; Konstantinos Anastasakis; Wiebren de Jong. 2018. "The impact of dry torrefaction on the fast pyrolysis behavior of ash wood and commercial Dutch mixed wood in a pyroprobe." Fuel Processing Technology 177, no. : 255-265.

Journal article
Published: 01 April 2018 in Biomass and Bioenergy
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ACS Style

Onursal Yakaboylu; Ivo Albrecht; John Harinck; K.G. Smit; Georgios-Archimidis Tsalidis; Manuela Di Marcello; Konstantinos Anastasakis; Wiebren de Jong. Supercritical water gasification of biomass in fluidized bed: First results and experiences obtained from TU Delft/Gensos semi-pilot scale setup. Biomass and Bioenergy 2018, 111, 330 -342.

AMA Style

Onursal Yakaboylu, Ivo Albrecht, John Harinck, K.G. Smit, Georgios-Archimidis Tsalidis, Manuela Di Marcello, Konstantinos Anastasakis, Wiebren de Jong. Supercritical water gasification of biomass in fluidized bed: First results and experiences obtained from TU Delft/Gensos semi-pilot scale setup. Biomass and Bioenergy. 2018; 111 ():330-342.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Onursal Yakaboylu; Ivo Albrecht; John Harinck; K.G. Smit; Georgios-Archimidis Tsalidis; Manuela Di Marcello; Konstantinos Anastasakis; Wiebren de Jong. 2018. "Supercritical water gasification of biomass in fluidized bed: First results and experiences obtained from TU Delft/Gensos semi-pilot scale setup." Biomass and Bioenergy 111, no. : 330-342.

Journal article
Published: 01 November 2017 in Biomass and Bioenergy
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Torrefaction is a promising biomass upgrading method, offering advantages in logistics and handling. Gasification is an attractive thermochemical conversion technology due to its flexibility in the product gas end-use. The aim of this paper is to investigate the impact of torrefaction on the gasification performance of a softwood (spruce) and a hardwood (ash). Spruce and ash were torrefied at 260 and 280 °C, and at 250 and 265 °C, respectively, and pelletized. All feedstocks were gasified at 850 °C and atmospheric pressure under oxygen-steam circulating fluidized bed gasification conditions, with magnesite as bed material and with an equivalence ratio (ER) of 0.3 and a steam-to-biomass mass ratio (SBR) of 1.0. Only the torrefied feedstocks were gasified varying ER and SBR values. The results show that torrefaction affected the gasification performance of both feedstocks leading to decreasing the cold gas and carbon conversion efficiencies. For spruce, torrefaction did not affect the permanent gas composition but led to a decrease of the total tar content for both spruce 260 and spruce 280. For ash, torrefaction resulted in decreasing the CH4 volume fraction, and increasing the H2 volume fraction and the total tar content for both torrefaction temperatures. Varying the ER and SBR affected only the Class 3 tars of ash 250. Conclusively, torrefaction of spruce and ash did not offer substantial benefits on the gasification performance under the investigated conditions. It is suggested that research of torrefied wood gasification includes feedstock's chemical analysis and characterization of products obtained under fast devolatilization conditions.

ACS Style

Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis; Manuela Di Marcello; Giacomo Spinelli; Wiebren de Jong; Jaap H.A. Kiel. The effect of torrefaction on the process performance of oxygen-steam blown CFB gasification of hardwood and softwood. Biomass and Bioenergy 2017, 106, 155 -165.

AMA Style

Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis, Manuela Di Marcello, Giacomo Spinelli, Wiebren de Jong, Jaap H.A. Kiel. The effect of torrefaction on the process performance of oxygen-steam blown CFB gasification of hardwood and softwood. Biomass and Bioenergy. 2017; 106 ():155-165.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis; Manuela Di Marcello; Giacomo Spinelli; Wiebren de Jong; Jaap H.A. Kiel. 2017. "The effect of torrefaction on the process performance of oxygen-steam blown CFB gasification of hardwood and softwood." Biomass and Bioenergy 106, no. : 155-165.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2017 in Biomass and Bioenergy
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Torrefaction is a promising biomass upgrading technology as it makes biomass more coal alike and offers benefits in logistics and handling operations. Gasification is an attractive thermochemical conversion technology due to its flexibility in the product gas end-uses. Therefore, it is valuable to investigate whether additional benefits are foreseen when torrefaction is coupled with gasification. Therefore, two commercial torrefied wood fuels and their parent materials are gasified at 800–850 °C under atmospheric steam-oxygen circulating fluidized bed gasification conditions and magnesite as bed material. The torrefied feedstocks consisted of wood residues torrefied by Topell at 250 °C (Topell black), and mixed wood and wood residues torrefied by Torrcoal at 300 °C (Torrcoal black). The gasification results show that torrefaction resulted in an increased gas quality, as it yielded higher H2 and CO contents, a decrease of the CO2 content, increased gas yield and a significant decrease of the total tar content for both feedstocks. For the Torrcoal samples, torrefaction resulted in a decrease in the carbon conversion efficiency (CCE). In addition, the cold gas efficiency (CGE) remained approximately the same due to the increase in the H2 and CO contents. The Topell samples showed an increase in the CCE and CGE upon torrefaction, but this could be attributed to a significant grinding in the screw feeder. It is generally concluded that both torrefied fuels may offer benefits as a feedstock for steam-oxygen blown circulating fluidized bed gasification, in particular in terms of gas quality and yield.

ACS Style

Manuela Di Marcello; Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis; Giacomo Spinelli; Wiebren de Jong; Jaap H.A. Kiel. Pilot scale steam-oxygen CFB gasification of commercial torrefied wood pellets. The effect of torrefaction on the gasification performance. Biomass and Bioenergy 2017, 105, 411 -420.

AMA Style

Manuela Di Marcello, Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis, Giacomo Spinelli, Wiebren de Jong, Jaap H.A. Kiel. Pilot scale steam-oxygen CFB gasification of commercial torrefied wood pellets. The effect of torrefaction on the gasification performance. Biomass and Bioenergy. 2017; 105 ():411-420.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Manuela Di Marcello; Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis; Giacomo Spinelli; Wiebren de Jong; Jaap H.A. Kiel. 2017. "Pilot scale steam-oxygen CFB gasification of commercial torrefied wood pellets. The effect of torrefaction on the gasification performance." Biomass and Bioenergy 105, no. : 411-420.

Original research
Published: 15 July 2017 in International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering
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This study evaluates whether a transition of large ports facilities to biofuel production for mobility improves the environmental performance and satisfies the renewable energy directive (RED) and it is the first LCA study that considers biofuel production from torrefied wood. The systems studied are wood, torrefied wood, and straw pellets circulating fluidized bed gasification for H2, synthetic natural gas, or Fischer–Tropsch (FT) diesel production and use. These systems are evaluated for their global warming, acidification, eutrophication and particulate matter potentials, as well as, for their aggregated environmental performance. The effects of the electricity mix selection and ecoinvent database’s economic allocation are also analyzed. All biomass systems result in a better aggregated environmental performance and benefits for the global warming potential. However, regarding the acidification, particulate matter, and eutrophication potentials, most biomass systems are inferior to the reference systems. Switching to a zero-emission electricity mix offers benefits for all the biomass and fossil-H2 systems and researchers should use databases cautiously. The bio-H2 and FT diesel of wood-based systems show the best environmental performance and satisfy the current and future RED targets. On one hand, the bio-H2 systems result in the largest benefits regarding the global warming potential, and on the other hand, both wood-based FT diesel systems offer overall benefits which concern not only the sustainable target of CO2 emissions reduction, but also the air quality improvement of the broader area as well.

ACS Style

Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis; Fadhila El Discha; Gijsbert Korevaar; W.G. Haije; Wiebren de Jong; J.H.A. Kiel. An LCA-based evaluation of biomass to transportation fuel production and utilization pathways in a large port’s context. International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering 2017, 8, 175 -187.

AMA Style

Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis, Fadhila El Discha, Gijsbert Korevaar, W.G. Haije, Wiebren de Jong, J.H.A. Kiel. An LCA-based evaluation of biomass to transportation fuel production and utilization pathways in a large port’s context. International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering. 2017; 8 (3):175-187.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Georgios Archimidis Tsalidis; Fadhila El Discha; Gijsbert Korevaar; W.G. Haije; Wiebren de Jong; J.H.A. Kiel. 2017. "An LCA-based evaluation of biomass to transportation fuel production and utilization pathways in a large port’s context." International Journal of Energy and Environmental Engineering 8, no. 3: 175-187.

Research article
Published: 21 August 2015 in Energy & Fuels
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Torrefaction has shown potential for improving biomass properties and converting biomass to a more coal-like fuel. In this paper, both fast and slow devolatilization behaviors of untreated spruce and spruce torrefied at 290 °C and 20–30 min holding time have been studied by conducting experiments in a bench-scale heated foil reactor and a thermogravimetric analyzer, respectively. The former has been applied to estimate the permanent gas formation for biomass entering a fluidized bed reactor, and the latter has been used to determine the effect of torrefaction on (slow) devolatilization reaction kinetics. The reaction kinetics were derived using the Reaction Rate Constant Method and the Senum and Yang Temperature Integral Approximation. The gases produced during fast devolatilization, applying a constant heating rate and a final temperature in the range of 500–1000 °C, were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and tars were collected and quantified gravimetrically. Results show that the activation energy and pre-exponential factor increased for the global devolatilization reaction. The former increased by 25% due to torrefaction pretreatment. The yield of the produced permanent gases CO, CH4, and CO2 increased with increasing final devolatilization temperature. CO is the dominant gas at temperatures higher than 600 and 800 °C for untreated and torrefied spruce, respectively. At lower temperatures, CO2 has the highest mass yield. CH4 shows the lowest yield for each final temperature and fuel sample. The results reported in this paper provide basic information for thermochemical reactor design when using (torrefied) spruce as a feedstock. The findings confirm that torrefied spruce is more coal-like than the parent material with respect to activation energy, char production, respective evolution of CO and CO2, and O/C and H/C atomic ratios.

ACS Style

Georgios-Archimidis Tsalidis; Konstantinos Voulgaris; Konstantinos Anastasakis; Wiebren de Jong; Jaap H. A. Kiel. Influence of Torrefaction Pretreatment on Reactivity and Permanent Gas Formation during Devolatilization of Spruce. Energy & Fuels 2015, 29, 5825 -5834.

AMA Style

Georgios-Archimidis Tsalidis, Konstantinos Voulgaris, Konstantinos Anastasakis, Wiebren de Jong, Jaap H. A. Kiel. Influence of Torrefaction Pretreatment on Reactivity and Permanent Gas Formation during Devolatilization of Spruce. Energy & Fuels. 2015; 29 (9):5825-5834.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Georgios-Archimidis Tsalidis; Konstantinos Voulgaris; Konstantinos Anastasakis; Wiebren de Jong; Jaap H. A. Kiel. 2015. "Influence of Torrefaction Pretreatment on Reactivity and Permanent Gas Formation during Devolatilization of Spruce." Energy & Fuels 29, no. 9: 5825-5834.

Journal article
Published: 01 November 2014 in Case Studies in Thermal Engineering
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Few tests have been carried out in order to evaluate the use of cardoon in gasification and combustion applications most of the researchers dealt with agglomeration problems. The aim of this work is to deal with the agglomeration problem and to present a solution for the utilization of this biofuel at a near industrial application scale. For this reason, two experiments were conducted, one in TU Delft and one in Centre for Research and Technology Hellas (CERTH), using fuel cardoon and 50% w/w cardoon blended with 50% w/w giant reed respectively. Both experimental campaigns were carried out in similar atmospheric circulating fluidized bed gasifiers. Apart from the feedstock, the other differences were the gasification medium and the bed material used in each trial. The oxidizing agent at TUD׳s run was O2/steam, whereas CERTH׳s tests used air. When experiments with the cardoon 50% w/w–giant reed 50% w/w blend were performed no agglomeration problems were presented. Consequently, gasification could be achieved in higher temperature than that of pure cardoon which led to the reduction of tar concentration

ACS Style

Chr. Christodoulou; Chr. Tsekos; G. Tsalidis; M. Fantini; K.D. Panopoulos; W. de Jong; E. Kakaras. Attempts on cardoon gasification in two different circulating fluidized beds. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 2014, 4, 42 -52.

AMA Style

Chr. Christodoulou, Chr. Tsekos, G. Tsalidis, M. Fantini, K.D. Panopoulos, W. de Jong, E. Kakaras. Attempts on cardoon gasification in two different circulating fluidized beds. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering. 2014; 4 ():42-52.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Chr. Christodoulou; Chr. Tsekos; G. Tsalidis; M. Fantini; K.D. Panopoulos; W. de Jong; E. Kakaras. 2014. "Attempts on cardoon gasification in two different circulating fluidized beds." Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 4, no. : 42-52.

Journal article
Published: 01 October 2014 in Journal of Cleaner Production
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ACS Style

Georgios-Archimidis Tsalidis; Yash Joshi; Gijsbert Korevaar; Wiebren de Jong. Life cycle assessment of direct co-firing of torrefied and/or pelletised woody biomass with coal in The Netherlands. Journal of Cleaner Production 2014, 81, 168 -177.

AMA Style

Georgios-Archimidis Tsalidis, Yash Joshi, Gijsbert Korevaar, Wiebren de Jong. Life cycle assessment of direct co-firing of torrefied and/or pelletised woody biomass with coal in The Netherlands. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2014; 81 ():168-177.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Georgios-Archimidis Tsalidis; Yash Joshi; Gijsbert Korevaar; Wiebren de Jong. 2014. "Life cycle assessment of direct co-firing of torrefied and/or pelletised woody biomass with coal in The Netherlands." Journal of Cleaner Production 81, no. : 168-177.