Garlic is a health promoter that has important bioactive compounds. The bioactive extraction is an important step in the analysis of constituents present in plant preparations. The purpose of this study is to optimize the extraction with the best proportion of solvents to obtain total phenolic compounds (TPC) and thiosulfinates (TS) from dried garlic powder, and evaluate the antioxidant activities of the optimized extracts. A statistical mixture simplex axial design was used to evaluate the effect of solvents (water, ethanol, and acetone), as well as mixtures of these solvents, after two ultrasound extraction cycles of 15 min. Results showed that solvent mixtures with a high portion of water and pure water were efficient for TPC and TS recovery through this extraction procedure. According to the regression model computed, the most significant solvent mixtures to obtain high TPC and TS recovery from dried garlic powder are, respectively, the binary mixture with 75% water and 25% acetone and pure water. These optimized extracts presented oxygen radical absorbance capacity. Pure water was better for total antioxidant capacity, and the binary mixture of water–acetone (75:25) was better for DPPH scavenging activity. These optimized extracts can be used for industrial and research applications.

Based on the concepts of circular economy and bioeconomy, the reuse of agrifood residues through vermicomposting can help solve serious environmental problems such as soil contamination and degradation, erosion and climate change. In this sense, the objective was to identify, quantify and analyze the physical, chemical, hormonal, amino acid content and microbial biodiversity of three formulations of vermicompost, with and without inoculation of microorganisms from native forest and commercial formulation, aiming at the production of an organic fertilizer rich in microorganisms for use in sustainable production systems. As a result, the vermicompost formulations presented values higher than the minimum requirements stipulated by Brazilian legislation for the registration of class A composite organic fertilizer. There is a significant difference between the vermicomposts, in the parameters related to the content of phosphorus, auxin, tryptophan and organic matter, as well as the relation between humic and fulvic acids. Bacillus sp. and Trichoderma sp. were also influenced by the type of vermicompost formulation. In addition, inoculation with microorganisms from native forest promoted an increase in biodiversity, in which the presence of Actinomyces sp. and Azotobacter chrooccocum contribute to the reduction in the levels of heavy metals in the compost. It is concluded that vermicomposting is a potential tool in the reuse of agri-food residues, with expressive microbial diversity that can influence plant growth, suppression of pathogens, minimize or reduce the effects of biotic and abiotic stresses on plant production, in addition to contributing to maintenance of soil biodiversity, integral fertility and resilience to climate change.

Growth-promoting bacteria are already used in sustainable agricultural systems in Brazil. The market is dominated by inoculants and biological pesticides, which do not reach the full potential of this tool in the agricultural sector. This study aimed to evaluate four bacterial strains for the presence of growth promotion mechanisms, as well as the reduction of Asian rust severity in soybean plants and its effects on three antioxidant enzymes during pathogenesis. The plants were treated using the bacterial cells and/or their biosurfactants before inoculation of the pathogen (IOP). Severity was measured based on a diagrammatic scale at 14, 18 and 21 days after IOP, and the activities of the enzymes SOD, CAT, and APX were evaluated 21 days after IOP. Treatments containing only bacterial cells were not efficient in reducing the severity, with losses of leaf area reaching 15%, while the addition of biosurfactants led to a result that is similar to the biofungicide, based on Bacillus subtilis (Serenade^®). The presence of direct growth promotion mechanisms can be observed in all isolates, as well as the role of bacterial metabolites, especially lipopeptides, in the biological control of diseases and the modulation of the plant’s immune response.

The objective this stud was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of essential oils (organic vs. conventional) of Origanum vulgare L. in the action against Candida albicans, Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. The inoculation of rhizobacteria (environmental (ME) and Bacillus subtilis) potentiated the antimicrobial action. The essential oils of Traditional (organic) cultivation presented antibacterial action and antifungal, while the essential oil of conventional cultivation (NPK) showed no any antibacterial or antifungal activity. It was concluded that the formulation of vermicomposting and the use of rhizobacteria are potential technologies and tools for family farmers and traditional community in the cultivation of orégano.

Perante a falta da recomendação específica de adubação nitrogenada e manejo de aplicação para a cultivar BRS 358 com tipo de grãos especial voltado para culinária japonesa. Objetivou-se determinar a melhor dose e manejo de aplicação de nitrogênio em cobertura para a cultivar BRS 358, conduzida em várzea de Roraima que garanta maior eficiência agronômica e econômica. Desta forma, foi conduzido experimento em área de várzea de Roraima no munícipio do Cantá, em Gleissolo Hápico tb distrófico. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos casualizados, em esquema de parcela subdividida (4x4), com quatro repetições, perfazendo 64 unidades amostrais. O fator doses foi alocado nas parcelas (50 kg ha-1; 100 kg ha-1; 150 kg ha-1; 300 kg ha-1) e o segundo fator manejos de aplicação do nitrogênio nas subparcelas: M1:50% na base e 50% aos 45 dias após a emergência (DAE); M2:100% aplicação aos 15 DAE; M3: 25% na base e 75% em cobertura divididos em ½ aos 15 e ½ aos 45 DAE; M4:25% na base; 25% aos 15 DAE; 25% aos 35 DAE e 25% aos 55 DAE. Foram avaliados os componentes de produção da cultura do arroz conforme a metodologia preconizada pelo Standard Evaluation System For Rice. Os resultados mostram influência da dose de nitrogênio e manejo de aplicação sobre os componentes de produção avaliados, onde as características foram altamente correlacionadas, refletindo em produtividade de máxima eficiência física de 6.245 kg ha-1, máxima eficiência econômica de 6.193 kg ha-1 com aplicação de 209 e 182 kg ha-1 de ureia, respectivamente. Embora aplicação de 25% na base e 75% em cobertura divididos em ½ aos 15 e ½ aos 45 DAE (M3) ter promovido melhor desempenho dos componentes de produção, aplicação de N, 50% na base e 50% aos 45 DAE, promoveu maior incremento na produtividade de grãos em casca, sendo considerado o manejo mais promissor para cultivar BRS 358.

The growing concern to promote sustainable agriculture, seeking environmental preservation and, at the same time, increased productivity resulted in the search for technologies for the implementation of agricultural production systems, with ecological approaches and responsible use of natural resources, in the economic, political and social contexts in each region. One of the potential alternatives to achieve these results would be the use of humic substances, considering their direct and indirect mechanisms aimed at increasing agricultural production. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the bioactivity of humic and fulvic acids, as well as to promote improvements in the phytotechnical attributes of banana cv. Prata-Anã micropropagated. The treatments consisted of five doses of humic acid and fulvic acid (2; 5; 10; 20 and 40 mg L-1) and a control without humic substances. Higher values ​​for the length of the aerial part and the larger root were obtained with the use of 40 mg L-1 fulvic acid. The results prove the ability of fulvic acid to improve the in vitro development of banana explants.