The design and manufacturing technology of interference-absorbing short-wave filters based on a layered composition of Si–SiO on a sapphire substrate of various shapes was developed. A transition layer of SiO was applied to the surface of the substrate, alternating with layers of Si–SiO with an odd number of quarter-wave layers of materials with high (Si) and low refractive indices (SiO), and the application of an outer layer of SiO as an appropriate control of the materials’ thickness. The optical properties of the infrared light filter were studied. It was established that the created design of the light filter provides the minimum light transmission in the visible region of the spectrum from 0.38 to 0.78 µm and the maximum in the near infrared region from 1.25 to 5 µm and has stable optical indicators. A method for studying the stress–strain state and strength of a multilayer coating of a light filter under the action of a local arbitrarily oriented load was developed. For simplicity in the analysis and for obtaining results in the analytical form, the one-dimensional model of the configuration “multilayer covering—firm substrate” constructed earlier by authors was used. From a mechanical point of view, the upper protective layer of the multilayer coating was modeled by a flexible plate, and the inner operational composite N-layer was subjected to Winkler’s hypothesis about the proportionality of stresses and elastic displacements.

In this article, an analytical approach to the study of the behavior of functionally graded FG coatings under local load is developed. The method is suitable for coatings with a specific structure. We consider that the coating can be conditionally divided into two zones: a relatively rigid outer and a relatively compliant inner. The outer layer is modeled by a non-homogeneous plate that bends. We submit the inner substrate to the hypothesis of a non-homogeneous thin Winkler layer. The solution of the formulated boundary value problem is constructed in analytical form. Simulation examples for FG aluminum oxide coatings grown from aluminum sprayed on steel and from compact alloy D16T are considered. The distributions of equivalent stresses, safety factors and normalized equivalent stresses in the coatings are studied. It is noted that in a heterogeneous material, the location of the minimum of the safety factor does not always coincide with the location of the maximum of the equivalent stress.

The problem of closure of collinear cracks during bending of a shallow shell is considered within the framework of the Kirchhoff theory. Crack closure is described using the model of contact along a line on one of the shell faces. Strain and moment intensity factors and fracture load are studied as functions of shell curvature and defect location, and the distribution of contact forces along the cracks is investigated.