This paper describes the design of aquaponics water monitoring system using Arduino microcontroller. Arduino Development Environment (IDE) software is used to develop a program for the microcontroller to communicate with multiple sensors and other hardware. The circuit of pH sensor, temperature sensor, water sensor, servo, liquid crystal displays (LCD), peristaltic pump, solar and Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) are constructed and connected to the system. The system powered by a rechargeable battery using solar energy. When the results of pH, temperature and water sensor are out of range, a notification message will be sent to a mobile phone through GSM. If the pH of water is out of range, peristaltic pump is automatic on to maintain back the pH value of water. The water sensor is fixed in the siphon outlet water flow to detect water flow from grow bed to the fish tank. In addition, servo is used to auto feeding the fish for every 12 hours. Meanwhile, the LCD is indicated the pH, temperature, siphon outlet water flow and remaining time for the next feeding cycle. The pH and temperature of water are set in the ranges of 6 to 7 and 25 °C to 30 °C, respectively.

Alternative assessment measures the learner’s ability and proficiency in performing complex tasks that are related to the intended learning outcomes and relies on direct measures of target skills in a specific knowledge or skill-domain. Meanwhile, online assessment is an assessment conducted in an online environment on a fully automated platform. Both types of assessments are getting a substantial attention worldwide due to their many advantages. However, several factors must be taken into consideration in implementing the alternative and online assessment in an outcome-based education (OBE) system. Thus, this paper provides a practical guide to alternative and online assessment in the context of OBE - including the constructive alignment, student learning time and development of assessment rubrics. Other considerations are also discussed, namely the validity and reliability of the alternative and online assessment, and deterring plagiarism and cheating.

High speed and energy-efficient of a device are essential in the electronics industry due to the high demand for multimedia usage and fast technology. Multiplie

Purpose: The quality of GeOx–Ge interface and the equivalent oxide thickness (EOT) are the main issues in fabricating high-k/Ge gate stack due to the low-k of GeOx interfacial layer (IL). Therefore, a precise study of the formation of GeOx IL and its contribution to EOT is of utmost importance. In this study, the GeOx ILs were formed through post-oxidation annealing of sputtered Al₂O₃on the Ge substrate. The purpose of this paper is to report on growth kinetics and composition of IL between Al₂O₃and Ge for HCl- and HF-last Ge surface.Design/methodology/approach: After wet chemical cleaning with HCl or HF, Al₂O₃was grown onto the Ge surface by RF sputtering. Thickness and composition of IL formed after post-anneal deposition at 400°C in dry oxygen ambience were evaluated as a function of deposition time by FESEM and characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, respectively.Findings: It was observed that the composition and thickness of IL were dependent on the starting surface and an aluminum germinate-like composition was formed during RF sputtering for both HF- and HCl-last starting surface.Originality/value: The novelty of this work is to investigate the starting surface of Ge to IL growth between Al₂O₃/Ge that will lead to the improvement in Ge metal insulator field effect transistors (MISFETs) application.

Power amplifier is an important component in the wireless communication system. Design of the power amplifier in UWB transceiver is challenging as the signal need to be transmitted over a wide bandwidth. Several criteria need to be fulfilled such as good linearity, good wideband matching, high efficiency and low power consumption. This paper presents the design of a power amplifier with 3.1-10.6 GHz using 0.18 μm CMOS technology for ultra-wide band application. The proposed power amplifier used three cascaded amplifier stages in order to achieve good gain and wide-band width. The results show that the proposed power amplifier design has an average gain of 7.28 dB, an input return loss less than -7.48 dB, an output return loss less than -4.782 dB, and group delay variation of ±151.9 ps is achieved over the entire band. A good input 1dB-compression point of 6.67 dBm and input third order intercept point of 0 dBm is achieved at 5 GHz.

Industrial Revolution 4.0 (IR 4.0) is characterized by a range of new technologies that are combining the physical, digital, and biological worlds that impact all discipline, industry, economy, and education. Universiti Malaysia Sarawak has responded appropriately to prepare both educators and students to thrive the future by rethinking and redesigning their current curriculum approach in academic programmes. This paper discusses on how Universiti Malaysia Sarawak nurture the IR4.0 ready graduates through robust academic programmes in two perspectives: (1) sustainability of academic programmes and (2) monitoring of High Impact Educational Practices (HIEPs) and Future Ready Curriculum (FRC) framework implementation. Sustainability of academic programmes are calculated based on four indicators: programme popularity, graduate on time, graduate employability, and merit of entry. HIEPs and FRC implementation in academic programmes are monitored based on their respective criteria via key performance indicator (KPI) internal audit. The academic programme sustainability index data for the student intake between 2014 and 2016 indicated that most programmes require strengthening strategies or curriculum modification in order to produce future ready graduates. Excellent percentage of HIEPs and FRC implementation in academic programmes were recorded in 2018 and 2023 (90-100%). In conclusion, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak strategic initiatives showed its strong commitment towards enhancement of academic programme for nurturing IR4.0 ready graduates.