Cervical cancer is a common malignant cancer among women worldwide. Changes in the vaginal microecological environment lead to multiple gynecological diseases, including cervical cancer. Recent research has shown that Lactobacillus may play an important role in the occurrence and development of cervical cancer. This review explores the role of Lactobacillus in cervical cancer. A total of 29 articles were included after identification and screening. The pertinent literature on Lactobacillus in cervical cancer from two perspectives, including clinical studies and experimental studies, was analyzed. An association network for the mechanism by which Lactobacillus induces cervical cancer was constructed. In addition, we provide direction and insight for further research on the role of Lactobacillus in cervical cancer.

Chemotherapy induced diarrhea (CID) is a common side effect in patients receiving chemotherapy for cancer. The aim of our study was to explore the association between gut microorganisms and CID from the CapeOX regimen in resected stage III colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. After screening and identification, 17 stool samples were collected from resected stage III CRC patients undergoing the CapeOX regimen. Bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA genes was sequenced, and a bioinformatics analysis was executed to screen for the distinctive gut microbiome and the functional metabolism associated with CID due to the CapeOX regimen. The gut microbial community richness and community diversity were lower in CID (p < 0.05 vs control group). Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most predominant species (31.22%) among the gut microbiome in CRC patients with CID. There were 75 microorganisms with statistically significant differences at the species level between the CRC patients with and without CID (LDA, linear discriminant analysis score > 2), and there were 23 pathways that the differential microorganisms might be involved in. The gut microbial community structure and diversity have changed in CRC patients with CID. It may provide novel insights into the prevention and treatment of CID.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are a group of non-protein coding RNAs with a length of more than 200 bp. The lncRNA taurine up-regulated gene 1 (TUG1) is abnormally expressed in many human malignant cancers, where it acts as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA), regulating gene expression by specifically sponging its corresponding microRNAs. In the present review, we summarised the current understanding of the role of lncRNATUG1in cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, angiogenesis, chemotherapeutic drug resistance, radiosensitivity, cell regulation, and cell glycolysis, as well as highlighting its potential application as a clinical biomarker or therapeutic target for malignant cancer. This review provides the basis for new research directions for lncRNATUG1in cancer prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.

Although it has many treatment strategies, cancer is still one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles (EVs) that can be secreted by almost all cells. Exosomes can encapsulate various types of molecules, including lipids, proteins, DNA, messenger RNAs, and non-coding RNAs [microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs)]. Exosome release is a way of communication between cells. They act as powerful signaling molecules between cancer cells and the surrounding cells that make up the cancer microenvironment. lncRNAs are a class of non-coding P, with a length of more than 200 bp, which are differentially expressed in many cancers. lncRNAs have been widely regarded as a new medium for cancer behavior. The presence of lncRNAs in circulation can be acellular or encapsulated in exosomal bodies released by cancer cells. Exosomal lncRNAs are functional and can transmit different phenotypic patterns to neighboring cells. Here, we reviewed the molecular mechanism of exosomal lncRNAs in regulating cancer progression, angiogenesis, and chemotherapy resistance, as well as the prospective applications of exosomal lncRNAs in cancer diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. These findings potentially promote the current understanding of exosomal lncRNAs and provide a new research direction for exosomal lncRNAs in cancer prevention, diagnosis, and treatment.

Background: Virtual reality (VR) stationary cycling provides a potential solution to enhance adherence and reduce depressive symptoms, particularly for people with depression. However, high-quality evidence is needed to support its implementation in clinical practice. Objective: This study evaluated the clinical effects of a 12-week VR-based stationary cycling program on depressive symptoms in sedentary adults with mild to moderate depression. Methods: This study is a 12-week, 3-arm randomized controlled double-blind trial. Participants (aged 18‐60 years) with depression were recruited from a clinic and randomly assigned (1:1:1) to the VR high-intensity stationary cycling, VR moderate-intensity stationary cycling, or non-VR moderate-intensity stationary cycling group to receive face-to-face intervention. The primary outcome was the change in depressive symptoms measured by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-17) between baseline and 12 weeks. Response rate, remission rate, satisfaction, compliance, and adverse events were assessed post intervention. Outcomes were analyzed using an ITT approach. Results: Between January 2023 and June 2024, a total of 114 participants were enrolled and randomly assigned to 3 groups (38 per group), with 101 completing the trial (33 in non-VR moderate-intensity stationary cycling, 35 in VR moderate-intensity cycling, and 33 in VR high-intensity cycling). All 114 randomly assigned participants were included in the ITT analysis. After the 12-week intervention, all groups showed significant improvements in depressive symptoms, as reflected by the mean difference in HAMD-17 scores within groups from baseline to week 12: non-VR moderate intensity (mean difference within groups: 10.9, 95% CI 9.3-12.5; response rate: 58%, remission rate: 40%); VR moderate intensity (mean difference within groups: 14.2, 95% CI 12.7-15.8; response rate: 84%, remission rate: 74%); and VR high intensity (mean difference within groups: 14.4, 95% CI 13.0-15.8; response rate: 92%, remission rate: 74%). VR-based groups showed greater reductions than the non-VR group (mean difference between groups: 3.3, 95% CI 1.9-4.9, for VR moderate-intensity; mean difference between groups: 3.9, 95% CI 2.5-5.2, for VR high intensity). No significant difference in symptom improvement was found between the 2 VR groups, although the moderate-intensity group reported higher satisfaction. Conclusions: The VR stationary cycling program is an efficacious health intervention for alleviating depressive symptoms in participants with mild to moderate depression. These findings could facilitate incorporating VR health intervention into clinical practice, enhance the response of cycling-based interventions, and improve patient adherence, supporting its use as a complementary treatment for depression.