Previous souvenir research has generally supported the use of heritage arts and crafts as a design inspiration, which both arouses visitors’ interest in the destination and enhances the local cultural identity. The increasing concern about souvenirs and cultural heritage has led to a proliferation of studies on this topic. However, few review articles discuss their inevitable connection and the process of transforming cultural heritage resources into souvenirs. Therefore, this review aims to analyze the literature on souvenirs related to cultural heritage from 2018 to July 2022. A criterion for inclusion and exclusion is presented to search and screen articles from three leading databases (i.e., WOS, Mendeley, and Scopus). Ultimately, 27 articles meeting the eligibility criteria were selected for synthesis analysis. ATLAS.ti 9, as the analysis software, yielded quantitative results showing trends in research on cultural heritage-related souvenirs. At the same time, from the qualitative analysis emerged four main themes about the topic: (1) significance of souvenirs, (2) customer’s purchase intention, (3) transformation, and (4) sustainability. Finally, the findings are expected to be beneficial in addressing the relationship between souvenirs and cultural heritage and provide insights for future research and practice of cultural product sustainability.

The authenticity of cultural features in souvenir design is increasingly emphasized by heritage tourism. This study takes souvenirs of the Moga Caves in Dunhuang, China, as an object of research and explores how designers integrate authentic cultural features of the heritage into product design. The study uses a qualitative approach to interview nine designers and two cultural experts from the souvenir design sector in Dunhuang to obtain perspectives on their consideration of authenticity in the souvenir design process. Thematic analysis was employed to identify critical patterns related to the authenticity of cultural representations in design. The findings revealed five themes: 1) Art Forms and Composition, 2) Contemporary Value, 3) Authenticity and Originality, and 4) Cultural Significance and Representation. The finding indicates that respecting Dunhuang murals’ aesthetic and historical significance while understanding their role in facilitating cross-cultural communication is vital to creating meaningful souvenirs. The study also emphasized the need for collaboration between designers and cultural authorities to ensure authenticity and relevance in the design of souvenirs. This study contributes to a broader discussion of the themes related to cultural heritage, sustainable development, and cultural product design.

Population growth, high-density living situations, and rapid urbanization lead to environmental change that affects ecosystems, human behavior, and well-being. To design health-promoting urban landscapes, it is necessary to conduct more detailed studies of landscape features. However, there is a lack of review articles discussing specific approaches and factors of landscape design for human well-being in evidence-based landscape research. Therefore, this review aims to explore the research trends and future studies’ direction by adopting a thematic analysis approach. Using ATLAS.ti 23 software, we analyzed 40 literature articles on landscape design and human well-being published between 2018 and 2022. The article attribute findings show the research trends on the topic. Six main themes emerged from the subsequent qualitative analysis: (1) Human-nature Interactions, (2) Health-promoting Design, (3) Integrative Strategies, (4) Landscape Intervention, (5) Perceptions and Restorativeness, and (6) Sustainability. The resulting framework serves to guide landscape designers, urban planners, and researchers to improve the effectiveness of public social, physical, and mental health with feasible measures and design approaches.

Mass-produced tourism souvenirs often dilute the cultural integrity of heritage sites, yet the mechanisms by which design philosophy and ethics sustain authenticity remain underexplored. This study investigates how designers’ philosophical stances and ethical practices shape authentic Dunhuang souvenirs. Adopting a qualitative single-case design, the investigation used purposive sampling to recruit 11 participants (eight designers and three cultural experts). Data from in-depth semi-structured interviews, non-participant observations, and document review were analysed via reflexive thematic analysis conducted concurrently with data collection. Three interlinked themes emerged: (1) design principles and philosophy, (2) ethical considerations, and (3) design implementation, coalescing into the Ethical Design for Cultural Integrity (EDCI) framework. The EDCI explains how authenticity and market relevance can be co-achieved by coupling value-laden design reasoning with procedural safeguards in production. Practical guidance includes: pre-brief checklists identifying non-negotiable cultural elements; embedded ethics procedures across decision points; and feedback-rich implementation cycles that preserve core motifs while meeting manufacturability and price envelopes. The study’s originality lies in integrating philosophy, ethics, and implementation into a single process view of heritage product design and in operationalising ethics as procedural governance rather than declarative intent, offering a replicable pathway for culturally responsible souvenir development.

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