In this study, we aimed to isolate compounds from Stachys lavandulifolia (Lamiaceae) by chromatographic methods and perform tyrosinase, acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase enzyme-inhibition and antimicrobial activity studies of these compounds by in vitro methods. In addition, a molecular docking study was planned for the molecule with the highest effect. Two flavone glycosides, apigenin-7-O-glucoside and luteolin-7-O-glucoside, were isolated from S. lavandulifolia. Both compounds were observed to be effective against Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Staphylococcus aureus. The compounds showed weak tyrosinase and butyrylcholine esterase inhibition, while only luteolin-7-O-glucoside showed a more significant inhibitory effect against acetylcholinesterase (65 ± 2%). Therefore, molecular interactions between acetylcholinesterase and luteolin-7-O-glucoside were evaluated. In the docking study, it was observed that the molecule was bound to the enzyme with a low amount of free binding energy (Glide score: −8.31). As a result, the antibacterial effect of apigenin-7-O-glucoside and both antibacterial and acetylcholinesterase-inhibitory effects of luteolin-7-O-glucoside were determined.

Introduction and objective: Antimicrobial resistance, which is considered one of the most important problems of the 21 st century, brings many problems with it, such as increasing mortality rates and treatment costs. Difficulties in the treatment of infections caused by resistant...

Background & objectives: Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is a potentially deadly viral disease and Turkey is the country in which the disease is seen the most. The purpose of this study is to estimate the frequency and case fatality ratio (CFR) of CCHF disease in Erzurum/Turkey between 2015-2021. Methods: The CCHF positivity in patients was detected on serum samples via RT-PCR method with RNA detection. Demographic data belonging to positive patients, such as, age, gender, region of residence, tick contact was analyzed retrospectively. Results: It was detected that the RT-PCR test of 521 patients out of total 1378 sent to the laboratory were positive. Each sample belonged to a single patient and repeating samples were left out of the study. The year with least positive patient ratio in relation to potential CCHF positive samples was 2017 (21.12%) whereas the year with the most positivity ratio was 2020 (55.48%). The case fatality ratio in the six-year period was calculated to be 1.34%. Interpretation & conclusion: This study has demonstrated that there is a significant rise in CCHF patients, especially in 2020 when the COVID-19 pandemic began. In order to prevent this rise, it is crucial that the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on increased interactions of humans with ticks is researched thoroughly, a biological intervention is made and public awareness on CCHF disease is increased.

In this study, the isolation of compounds from the aerial parts of Morina persica L. and the antimicrobial, antioxidant and antityrosinase activities of various polarity extracts and isolated compounds were investigated. Column chromatography methods were used for isolation. A microdilution method was used to determine antimicrobial activity; Folin-Ciocalteu method was used to determine total phenolic content; DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging- capacity methods were used to determine antioxidant activity; and a mushroom tyrosinase method was used to determine antityrosinase activity. Kaempferol-3-O-β-glucopyranoside (astragalin) and quercetin-3-O-rutinoside (rutin) were isolated from M. persica. The extracts and compounds showed higher activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococcus faecalis than other tested bacteria. The highest phenolic content, DPPH, and ABTS radical scavenging activity were detected in an ethyl acetate extract at 50 μg/mL concentration. The methanol extract showed the highest antityrosinase effect at 200 μg/mL concentration.

Amaç: Bu çalışmada son dört yıl içinde hastanemiz yoğun bakım ünitesinde (YBÜ) yatan hastalardan gönderilen idrar kültürlerinde üreyen mikroorganizmaların dağılımının belirlenmesi ve izole edilen Gram-negatif bakterilerin antibiyotiklere direnç durumlarının araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada Temmuz 2014-Temmuz 2018 tarihleri arasında hastanemiz mikrobiyoloji laboratuvarına yoğun bakımda yatan hastalardan gönderilen idrar kültürlerinden izole edilen mikroorganizmaların dağılımı ve Gram-negatif bakterilerin antibiyotiklere direnç profilleri geriye dönük olarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: YBÜ’den gönderilen toplam 930 idrar örneğinin 692’sinde (%74,4) mikroorganizma üremesi olmadı. Mikroorganizma üremesi pozitif olan 238 (%25,6) kültürün 61’inde (%25,6) Gram pozitif bakteriler, 64’ünde (%26,8) Candida cinsi mayalar ürerken 113 (%47,4) kültürde ise Gram negatif bakteri üremesi saptandı. Escherichia coli ve Klebsiella pneumoniae suşlarında duyarlılığın en yüksek olduğu antibiyotiğin imipenem, Pseudomonas aeruginosa suşlarında tobramisin olduğu görüldü (%100). Proteus spp. suşlarının antibiyotiklere genel olarak duyarlı olduğu gözlemlenirken Acinetobacter spp. suşlarında ise yüksek oranda direnç belirlendi. Genişlemiş spektrumlu beta laktamaz üretimi açısından ise 28 E. coli (%53,8) ve 13 K. pneumoniae (%46,4) suşu pozitif bulundu. Sonuç: Bulgularımız, başta Acinetobacter suşları olmak üzere mikroorganizmalarda direnç artışını göstermektedir. Mikroorganizma dağılımları ve duyarlılık sonuçlarındaki değişkenlikler ampirik tedavide doğru tercih için her merkezin kendine ait verilerini gözden geçirmesinin önemini açıkça ortaya koymaktadır.

Objective: The aim of the study was to compare the salivary IgA and gingival crevicular fluid IgA levels in caries active and caries free subjects. Methods: The study was carried out on 40 subjects divided into two groups, Group I caries free, (DMFT =0) and Group II caries active, (DMFT >10). Saliva and gingival crevicular fluid samples were obtained and plaque index, gingival index, gingival crevicular fluid volume and salivary flow rate were determined. The levels of S. mutans and lactobacillus were determined by culture. IgA concentrations of saliva and gingival crevicular fluid samples were determined using the ELISA. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U and χ2 tests (α = 0.05). Results: Gingival crevicular fluid volume, plaque index and gingival index values of group II were significantly higher than group I (p< 0.05). Although lactobacillus counts of group II were higher than group I, no statistically significant differences were observed for microorganism counts (p>0.05). Salivary flow rate, gingival crevicular fluid-IgA and saliva-IgA levels were no statistically significant between the groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: The present study showed that microorganism counts in the saliva did not by themselves influence the DMFT index. There is no dependence between secretory immunity and dental caries in subjects.