Agricultural mechanization is crucial in enhancing production efficiency, alleviating labor demands, reducing costs, improving agricultural product quality, and promoting sustainable development. However, wear and tear are inevitable when using agricultural machinery. The failure of critical wear-resistant parts is responsible for over 50% of rural machinery breakdowns. For instance, a domestic combine harvester typically only operates trouble-free for 20 to 30 h, and the service life of a rotary plow knife is approximately 80 h. Investigating the wear performance of key farm machinery components reinforces machinery design and maintenance strategies, extends machinery lifespans, enhances agricultural production efficiency, and advances agrarian sustainability. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the latest research on the wear resistance of crucial agricultural machinery components. It delves into the factors influencing the wear resistance of these components and explores current effective measures to address wear-related issues. Additionally, it also summarizes the challenges and opportunities in researching the wear performance of key components in agricultural machinery and future development directions.

The effect and mechanism of grain sizes on the tribological behavior of CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloy (HEA) were studied by friction experiments and wear morphology analysis. Under normal low load and low sliding speed, the primary wear mechanism of the HEA samples is adhesive wear. With the increase in sliding speed, the wear mechanisms of the samples are adhesive wear and oxidation wear. The oxide layer formed under the action of friction heat of the coarse grain (CG) sample is easy to break due to the softening of the CG. With the increase of normal load and sliding speed, the wear mechanisms of the HEA samples are mainly adhesive wear, oxidation wear, and plastic deformation. The oxide layer of CG sample has many cracks, and the worn surface also has plastic deformation, which leads to the increase of friction coefficient and specific wear rate and the decrease of wear resistance. Therefore, the fine grain size HEA sample has better wear resistance than the CG sample due to its high surface strength.

The effects of different Cr contents on the corrosion resistance of FeCoNiMnCr_x (x = 0.5;1;1.5) porous high-entropy alloys (HEAs) in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution on corrosion resistance was investigated. With the increase in Cr content, the total porosity and permeability of the porous HEA increased. The increase in porosity improves the interconnectivity between the pores and enhances the contact area with the corrosion solution. The pore-making mechanism is mainly a powder compaction, and Kirkendall holes are caused by different elements due to different diffusion rates. With the increase in Cr content, the i_corr increases, and the E_corr decreases in the porous HEAs of FeCoNiMnCr_x (x = 0.5;1;1.5). The corrosion resistance of FeCoNiMnCr_x (x = 0.5;1;1.5) porous HEAs decreases with the increase in the Cr element. With the increase in Cr content, the weight gain rate of FeCoNiMnCr_x porous HEA increases gradually after immersion for 168 h, and the average pore size and permeability of the sample decrease gradually. The corrosion resistance of FeCoNiMnCr_x porous HEA decreases with increasing Cr content.

Ni-based alloy is an ideal candidate for its application in the field of hydrogen evolution of water splitting due to its good durability, excellent catalytic properties and low hydrogen evolution overpotential. In this paper, porous Ni-Sn alloy materials were prepared by activation reaction sintering, and the pore structure was tailored by adjusting Sn content. The effects of Sn content and electrolyte temperature on the hydrogen evolution properties of porous Ni-Sn alloy electrodes in 6 mol·L⁻¹ KOH solution were studied by electrochemical measurement methods, such as cyclic voltammetry (CV) curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (ESI) and linear sweep voltammetry, and the mechanism of hydrogen evolution was further discussed. The experimental results reveal that when Sn content is 45 wt%, porous Ni-Sn alloy exhibits the best catalytic performance for hydrogen evolution with a Tafel slope of 164.69 mV·dec⁻¹ and an overpotential of 170 mV. The tested electrode also shows good stability for hydrogen evolution in alkaline solution, and the apparent activation energy calculated at room temperature is 29.645 kJ·mol⁻¹. The catalytic mechanism of hydrogen evolution is as follows: the addition of Sn significantly reduces the dissociation degree of M-H bonds, thereby reducing the overpotential of hydrogen evolution; with the increase of Sn content, the porous Ni-Sn electrode displays a higher electrochemical active surface area (ECSA), which makes porous Ni-Sn alloy exhibit good hydrogen evolution catalytic performance.

Titanium carbide (TiC) coatings were prepared on the surface of AlFeCoCrNiCu high-entropy alloy blocks using electro-spark deposition (ESD). The microhardness and corrosion resistance of the TiC coatings prepared under different voltage and capacitance process parameters were studied. The research shows that the maximum microhardness of the TiC coating on sample 4 (working voltage of 20 V, working capacitance of 1000 μF) is 844.98 HV, which is 81.5% higher than the microhardness of the substrate. This is because the deposition energy increases with the increase in voltage, and the adhesion and aggregation between the coating and the substrate are enhanced, increasing the hardness of the coating. It is worth noting that excessive deposition energy can increase surface defects and reduce the microhardness of the coating surface. Electrochemical testing analysis shows that the corrosion current density of the TiC coating is the lowest (9.475 × 10⁻⁷ ± 0.06 × 10⁻⁷), and the coating impedance is the highest (2.502 × 10³ Ω·com²). The absolute phase angle value is the highest (about 72°). The above indicates that the TiC coating prepared with a working voltage of 20 V and a working capacitance of 1000 μF has better microhardness and corrosion resistance.

This study aimed to develop composite hydrogels with exceptional piezoelectric properties and pressure sensitivity. To achieve the objective, this study created a deep eutectic solvent (DES) by mixing choline chloride (ChCl), acrylamide (AM), and acrylic acid (AA). Barium titanate nanoparticles (BTNPs) were incorporated as fillers into the deep eutectic solvents (DES) to synthesize the composite hydrogels using frontal polymerization (FP). The mechanical and piezoelectric properties of the resulting composite hydrogels were analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This study found that the BTNPs/P(AM-co-AA) composite hydrogels exhibited excellent mechanical and piezoelectric properties. This is attributed to the high dielectric constant of BTNPs and the electrode polarization phenomenon when subjected to pressure. With a BTNPs content of 0.6 wt%, the maximum compressive strength increased by 3.68 times compared with the hydrogel without added BTNPs. Moreover, increasing the BTNPs content to 0.6 wt% resulted in a 1.48 times increase in generated voltage under the same pressure, compared with the hydrogel with only 0.2 wt% BTNPs. This study provides a method for preparing composite hydrogels with outstanding piezoelectric properties and pressure sensitivity.