The aim of this study was to determine the dependence of the total phenolic, flavonoid, and extractive content in extracts of Origanum vulgare L. on the soil pH, humus, total nitrogen (N_total), and plant-available/mobile phosphorus (P₂O₅), as well as potassium (K₂O), total calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sodium (Na) concentrations. Experimental fields were formed in four locations in Lithuania. Soil and perennial O. vulgare samples were taken at three sites of each experimental field. A total of 12 samples of soil and 12 samples of the tested plant were collected and analyzed. The concentrations of bioactive compounds in plants are significantly (p < 0.05–0.01) affected by some chemical properties of the soil: the total phenolic content was reliably correlated with the soil pH, N_total, Ca, Mg, and P₂O₅; the flavonoid content was correlated with the soil P₂O₅, K₂O, Mg, and Na; and the extractive content was correlated with the soil humus, N_total, and Na. The obtained results are useful for the development of the commercial cultivation of O. vulgare.

В статье представлены результаты изучения влияния эфирных масел и композиций эфирных масел растений сем. Губоцветные (Labiatae), Амариллисовые (Amaryllidaceae) и Сложноцветные (Compositae), произрастающих либо культивируемых на территории Республики Беларусь, на условно-патогенные для рыб бактерии Aeromonas hydrophila, A. salmonicida, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris. Отмечено, что довольно многие эфирные масла обладают высокой противомикробной активностью в отношении перечисленных бактерий: зоны задержки роста микроорганизмов достигают 25 и более мм, а в отдельных случаях 40 и более мм, что трактуется как высокая и очень высокая чувствительность. Составлен рейтинг эфирных масел согласно их бактерицидной активности, отмечены наиболее перспективные из них для дальнейших исследований и создания антибактериальных препаратов, предназначенных для нужд рыбоводной отрасли.

Мета. Дослідити вплив біопрепарату на основі меланіногенного штаму Bacillus thuringiensis на схожість і морфологічні параметри високодекоративних видів флори Білорусі, перспективних для озеленення міського середовища. Методи. Використовували пророщування насіння в лабораторних умовах під час замочування в розчинах бактеріального меланіну в концентраціях 0,04, 0,025, 0,01 %. Для порівняльної оцінки ефективності використовували воду і препарат Террасил у концентрації 0,01. Результати. Оцінено морфологічні параметри за проростання насіння коров’яку звичайного, коров’яку чорного, волошки шорсткої, буквиці лікарської, смолки звичайної, оброблених різними концентраціями стимулятора. Висновки. Вплив бактеріального препарату меланіну на морфологічні показники рослин носив видо- і дозаспецифічний характер. До оптимальних для застосування на вивчених рослинах слід віднести концентрації до 0,025 %. Найбільш виражений ефект від застосування препарату виявлено в перші дні пророщування насіння, що дозволяє використовувати бактеріальний меланін для підвищення дружності сходів. Ключові слова: бактеріальний меланін, стимулятор, проростання насіння, високодекоративні види флори.

Aim. The aim of the work was to assess the composition of biologically active compounds in plants of Artemisia annua L. Methods. The plants were grown on the experimental plot of the Central Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus. Essential oil from the above-ground mass was isolated by the method of water-steam distillation. To analyze the content of flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acids, we used the method of quantitative extraction and spectrophotometric determination of the total content of hydroxycinnamic acids in the presence of flavonoids in plant extractive substances, and the method of Folin-Chocalteu was used to determine the content of phenolic compounds. Analysis of the essential oils was performed by GC and NMR. The analysis of the content of phenolic acids in extracts was performed by HPLC. Results. The genetic potential of A. annua was evaluated under conditions of the central agroclimatic zone of Belarus. The yield and composition of essential oils, the content of phenolic compounds and flavonoids, the composition of phenolic acids were studied. Conclusions. A. annua in the conditions of the central agroclimatic zone of Belarus contains essential oil, which is dominated by isoartemisia ketone, β-selinene, β-myrcene and camphor. In the above-ground mass phenolic acids including chlorogenic acid and isomers of caffeoylquinic acid were predominant in the composition of phenolic compounds. Keywords: annual wormwood, essential oil, phenolic compounds, phenolic acids.

Использование эфирных масел и их композиций как важный аспект экологизации технологии выращивания объектов аквакультуры

Aim. The aim of the work was to evaluate the anti-radical activity of extracts of ginseng's underground and overground organs Panax ginseng C.A. Mey, depending on various factors – age of plants, collection time and cultivation conditions. Methods. Extracts obtained from various plant organs were evaluated in the model system with cation-radicals ABTS. At the same time, the amount of extractive substances and phenolic compounds was determined. Results. Samples of leaves and roots of ginseng of 1, 2, 3, 5, 9 years of vegetation from the collection of the Central Botanical Garden of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus were analyzed. It is established that extracts of ginseng leaves of P. ginseng can be considered as sufficiently effective anti-radical agents. Anti-radical activity of extracts of roots and leaves of ginseng differed significantly depending on the weather conditions of the growing season. Conclusions. It is shown that extracts of ginseng leaves differ by the maximum antiradical activity. Extracts of ginseng roots showed a much lower anti-radical activity in comparison with leaf extracts, which may be due to both a smaller amount of extractives extracted from water-ethanol extraction and their composition. Keywords: ginseng, antiradical activity, phenolic compounds, extractives.