Normal faults play a key role in accommodating extensional deformation within the South Tibet Rift. The M_S 6.8 Tingri earthquake of 7 January 2025 therefore provides a rare opportunity to investigate how these normal faults accommodate east–west extension driven by India–Eurasia convergence. Using Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery, we measured coseismic surface deformation and inverted the slip distribution, revealing a maximum line-of-sight (LOS) displacement of 1.85 m. Combining Bayesian inference with joint fault-slip inversion, we constrain the seismogenic fault as a west-dipping normal fault (strike 183°, dip 42.5°, rake ~–115°), exhibiting a maximum slip of 5.36 m at shallow depth. The derived moment magnitude (M_W 7.12, seismic moment 3.32 × 10¹⁹ N·m) agrees well with the USGS estimate (M_W 7.1). Coulomb stress modeling suggests stress decreases along fault flanks and significant stress loading (>0.01 MPa) at rupture terminations and adjacent north–south trending faults, implying elevated aftershock potential and possible fault triggering. GNSS velocity fields and strain rate inversion indicate a regional stress regime with a principal compressive axis (σ₁) oriented ~341° (NNW) and extensional axis (σ₃) at ~73° (ESE), consistent with east–west extension and north–south shortening. The fault exhibits oblique-normal slip, attributed to the non-orthogonal orientation of the fault plane relative to the stress field, resulting in right-lateral shear. Within the framework of the paired general-shear (PGS) deformation, this oblique slip reflects localized extensional deformation within a distributed dextral shear zone. These findings support a model of strain partitioning under regional shear and provide insights into fault segmentation and kinematics in rift systems.

Green plants provide food, energy and oxygen sources for human beings and animals on Earth through photosynthesis, which is essential to maintain regional ecological balance. However, few studies have focused on the natural oxygen supply capacity of urban green spaces. As a companion to photosynthesis in leaves, solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) contains abundant photosynthetic information. Currently, satellite-based SIF observations are considered to be a rapid and nondestructive ‘indicator’ of plant photosynthesis, which provides an alternative way to quantitatively assess the spatio-temporal dynamics of oxygen supply capacity in urban green spaces. This study examined the spatial patterns, long-term trends, and environmental control factors of SIF in the nine central cities in China from 2001 to 2020 based on the time-series of the global reconstructed GOSIF-v2 SIF dataset. The results were as follows: (1) There was a contrasting spatial difference between southern and northern cities in China, and multi-year mean SIF values of the southern cities were generally higher than those of the northern cities; (2) The interannual dynamics of SIF in each city generally showed an upward trend, with fluctuations, and the intraannual seasonal differences were more significant in northern cities than those in the southern cities; (3) The spatial trend analysis showed that Beijing, Guangzhou, and Chongqing have had the most significant improvements, followed by Xi’an, Wuhan, Chengdu, and Zhengzhou, while Tianjin and Shanghai have had the least improvements; and (4) The expansion of construction land has exerted significant impacts on the dynamics of the SIF trend in several cities, but it is not the only factor. All analyses indicated that the improvement of vegetation structure and function in the area can offset its negative effect.