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Business to consumer e-commerce (B2C) has increased sharply in recent years driven by a growing online population and changes in consumer behavior. In metropolitan areas, the “Amazon effect” (online retailers’ vast selection, fast shipping, free returns, and low prices) has led to an increased use of light goods vehicles. This is affecting the rational functioning of the transport system, including a high degree of fragmentation, low load optimization, and, among other externalities, higher traffic congestion. This paper investigates the potential of a metro system, in a big city like Madrid, to provide delivery services by leveraging its existing carrying capacity and using the metro stations to collect parcels in lockers. It would be a new mixed distribution model for last-mile deliveries associated with e-commerce. To that end, the paper evaluates the cost and impacts of two alternative scenarios for managing the unused space in rolling stock (shared trains) or specific full train services (dedicated trains) on existing lines. The external costs of the proposed scenarios are compared with current e-commerce delivery scenario (parcel delivery by road). The results show that underground transport of parcels could significantly reduce congestion costs, accidents, noise, GHG emissions, and air pollution.
Rafael Villa; Andrés Monzón. A Metro-Based System as Sustainable Alternative for Urban Logistics in the Era of E-Commerce. Sustainability 2021, 13, 4479 .
AMA StyleRafael Villa, Andrés Monzón. A Metro-Based System as Sustainable Alternative for Urban Logistics in the Era of E-Commerce. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (8):4479.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRafael Villa; Andrés Monzón. 2021. "A Metro-Based System as Sustainable Alternative for Urban Logistics in the Era of E-Commerce." Sustainability 13, no. 8: 4479.
COVID-19 has brought about a substantial change in urban mobility, as well as an unprecedented increase in e-commerce throughout the world due to the emergence of new ways of shopping and consumption habits. In this context, urban logistics plays a crucial role in the triple bottom line of sustainability. The present document establishes a holistic vision of the problem aiming to (i) measure and compare the traffic generated in the Madrid Central area (low-emission zone) during the periods before and after the pandemic, and (ii) quantify e-commerce orders made by residents, as well as the Light Commercial Vehicles (LCV) required to deliver these parcels, measuring their environmental impact. The results show that road traffic in the Madrid Central area decreased by approximately 2/3 compared to normal levels and 1/2 in the case of LCVs. With regards to e-commerce, the number of parcels delivered doubled. This fact entailed an increase in the number of LVCs dedicated to package delivery in the central district and more pollution, but to a lesser extent than the growth of e-commerce. The challenge faced by urban logistics in the post-Covid era is managing to blend new mobility within large cities with the high volumes of e-commerce deliveries demanded by residents.
Rafael Villa; Andrés Monzón. Mobility Restrictions and E-Commerce: Holistic Balance in Madrid Centre during COVID-19 Lockdown. Economies 2021, 9, 57 .
AMA StyleRafael Villa, Andrés Monzón. Mobility Restrictions and E-Commerce: Holistic Balance in Madrid Centre during COVID-19 Lockdown. Economies. 2021; 9 (2):57.
Chicago/Turabian StyleRafael Villa; Andrés Monzón. 2021. "Mobility Restrictions and E-Commerce: Holistic Balance in Madrid Centre during COVID-19 Lockdown." Economies 9, no. 2: 57.
The increasingly widespread use of vehicles has intensified fuel consumption and hence the emission of air pollutants, causing a negative environmental impact on both human health and climate change. It is well known that vehicle fuel consumption depends on several factors such as engine and vehicle technology, road characteristics, traffic conditions, and driver ability. Although the relationship between these variables has been subject of several researches, the combined influence of traffic flow with road type on vehicle fuel consumption has not yet been studied in depth. This paper aims to fill this gap by processing a large dataset of real-world driving data from an experiment carried out in Madrid, Spain; and to develop and validate a new approach using cluster analysis to define real traffic conditions. The results indicate that poor traffic conditions can significantly reduce vehicle’s energy efficiency and influence driving behavior, rather drastically depending on the road typology. While on high-capacity roads the speed covariance increases up to 73% in congestion, on low-capacity roads it increases by 31%, since road geometry also covers an important role; indeed, due to their complex and segmented geometry, local streets show 37% less vehicle’s energy efficiency compared with highways. The outcomes of this study suggest that energy efficiency depends on avoiding congestion on high-capacity roads, selecting green itineraries using the right road sections and having a more homogeneous driving behavior on low-capacity roads, through eco-driving whenever possible.
Alessandra Boggio-Marzet; Andres Monzon; Ana M. Rodriguez-Alloza; Yang Wang. Combined influence of traffic conditions, driving behavior, and type of road on fuel consumption. Real driving data from Madrid Area. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation 2021, 1 -13.
AMA StyleAlessandra Boggio-Marzet, Andres Monzon, Ana M. Rodriguez-Alloza, Yang Wang. Combined influence of traffic conditions, driving behavior, and type of road on fuel consumption. Real driving data from Madrid Area. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation. 2021; ():1-13.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlessandra Boggio-Marzet; Andres Monzon; Ana M. Rodriguez-Alloza; Yang Wang. 2021. "Combined influence of traffic conditions, driving behavior, and type of road on fuel consumption. Real driving data from Madrid Area." International Journal of Sustainable Transportation , no. : 1-13.
Mobility as a Service (MaaS) is expected to change the way we travel. However, it is still unclear who will adopt this new mobility model and how it will impact the behaviors of travelers. In this study, we explore individuals’ willingness to adopt MaaS. With this objective, we conduct an online survey campaign in two European metropolitan areas: Madrid (Spain) and the Randstad (Netherlands). In general, we find positive attitudes towards MaaS. Both personal socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, and travel-related attributes determine individuals’ likelihood of adopting these technological innovations. Our results show that highly-educated people are the segment of the population with a higher probability of adopting MaaS. Overall, we recognize two main barriers that can frustrate MaaS acceptance: low technology affinity and low openness to multimodal behaviors. Policies that focus on these two aspects can encourage MaaS adoption and promote therefore a shift towards more sustainable choices.
Andres Monzon; Iria Lopez-Carreiro. MaaS Adoption in EU Metropolitan Areas: Madrid (Spain) and the Randstad (Netherlands). Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems 2021, 3 -17.
AMA StyleAndres Monzon, Iria Lopez-Carreiro. MaaS Adoption in EU Metropolitan Areas: Madrid (Spain) and the Randstad (Netherlands). Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems. 2021; ():3-17.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndres Monzon; Iria Lopez-Carreiro. 2021. "MaaS Adoption in EU Metropolitan Areas: Madrid (Spain) and the Randstad (Netherlands)." Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems , no. : 3-17.
In recent years, eco-driving has proven to be an effective tool for reducing fuel consumption and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Until now, most research carried out has focused on ordinary drivers applying eco-driving techniques on their usual routes. However, there is little research on professional driver couriers. This research is aimed at analyzing the effects that eco-driving has on fuel consumption and GHG emissions on courier deliveries in small cities such as Caceres (Spain). For this purpose, a real-life experiment was performed with professional drivers with Spanish post vans from the public sector company Correos. In the first period, driving was under normal conditions (non-eco), and after a theoretical training eco-driving course, there was a second driving period (eco). Driving parameters (speeds, accelerations, rpm, and consumptions) were recorded on all trips to analyze how effective the eco-driving was. The research concluded that eco-driving training does not correlate with more sustainable driving for professional drivers under pressure with the need to deliver packages on time. However, there is a trend in fuel savings when using higher capacity routes.
Juan Coloma; Marta García; Gonzalo Fernández; Andrés Monzón. Environmental Effects of Eco-Driving on Courier Delivery. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1415 .
AMA StyleJuan Coloma, Marta García, Gonzalo Fernández, Andrés Monzón. Environmental Effects of Eco-Driving on Courier Delivery. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (3):1415.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan Coloma; Marta García; Gonzalo Fernández; Andrés Monzón. 2021. "Environmental Effects of Eco-Driving on Courier Delivery." Sustainability 13, no. 3: 1415.
Mobility in metropolitan rings is often more car-dependent than in urban cores. Buses are emerging as an efficient option to promote sustainable mobility in metropolitan corridors, although they are perceived as being less reliable than rail or the car. The adoption of real-time information (RTI) tools for passengers can mitigate this issue. This paper aims (i) to explore the potential bus demand in metropolitan corridors, and (ii) to understand how bus passengers use RTI public transport mobile applications. Both aims are oriented to attract more passengers toward public transport. A two-step methodological framework has been established to perform this analysis in the Madrid Region. Data from the 2014 Household Mobility Survey reveal that metropolitan bus potential is three times the current bus ridership, and almost double in transport corridors linked to motorways than in transversal and other metropolitan trips. An ad-hoc survey of bus travelers was conducted in one corridor to capture the use of RTI mobile apps. The results show that multimodal commuters tend to consult several apps, since none of the main apps integrates all the multimodal RTI for their trips. Non-regular bus passengers are more likely to consult a general-purpose app such as Google Maps, while frequent bus commuters prefer to use the official public transport authority app. Improving the multimodal information passengers receive through transit apps could ease their trips and help materialize some of the potential bus demand in metropolitan areas.
Carlos Romero; Andrés Monzón; Andrea Alonso; Raky Julio. Potential demand for bus commuting trips in metropolitan corridors through the use of real-time information tools. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation 2021, 1 -12.
AMA StyleCarlos Romero, Andrés Monzón, Andrea Alonso, Raky Julio. Potential demand for bus commuting trips in metropolitan corridors through the use of real-time information tools. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation. 2021; ():1-12.
Chicago/Turabian StyleCarlos Romero; Andrés Monzón; Andrea Alonso; Raky Julio. 2021. "Potential demand for bus commuting trips in metropolitan corridors through the use of real-time information tools." International Journal of Sustainable Transportation , no. : 1-12.
Classio Joao Mendiate; Julio Alberto Soria-Lara; Andres Monzon. Identifying clusters of cycling commuters and travel patterns: The case of Quelimane, Mozambique. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation 2020, 14, 710 -721.
AMA StyleClassio Joao Mendiate, Julio Alberto Soria-Lara, Andres Monzon. Identifying clusters of cycling commuters and travel patterns: The case of Quelimane, Mozambique. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation. 2020; 14 (9):710-721.
Chicago/Turabian StyleClassio Joao Mendiate; Julio Alberto Soria-Lara; Andres Monzon. 2020. "Identifying clusters of cycling commuters and travel patterns: The case of Quelimane, Mozambique." International Journal of Sustainable Transportation 14, no. 9: 710-721.
Eco-driving, as individual car-use behavior, is a cost-effective way of improving fuel efficiency, reducing CO2 emissions and other air pollutants like NOx. This paper aims to expand the knowledge on the short-term impacts of eco-driving by developing an analytical model of the key factors that explain fuel consumption and eco-driving, and to examine their relations in greater depth. Additionally, this paper analyses the effects on drivers’ stress levels after eco-driving. An eco-driving field trial is applied to collect real data of 1156 trips, using two vehicles and 24 drivers (42% Female; Age, M = 30.15; Years of driving experience, M = 10.30) in two Spanish cities with different road characteristics. A sequential method involving factor analysis, regression analysis and path analysis is used to analyze the sample. The results confirm that eco-driving is strongly affected by driving behavior like deceleration rate, RPM and speed, also showing that external factors as congestion and road slope have a direct influence on fuel consumption. The results also reveal that perceived stress levels vary among drivers, but there is not significant change when drivers eco driving.
David Lois; Yang Wang; Alessandra Boggio-Marzet; Andres Monzon. Multivariate analysis of fuel consumption related to eco-driving: Interaction of driving patterns and external factors. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 2019, 72, 232 -242.
AMA StyleDavid Lois, Yang Wang, Alessandra Boggio-Marzet, Andres Monzon. Multivariate analysis of fuel consumption related to eco-driving: Interaction of driving patterns and external factors. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment. 2019; 72 ():232-242.
Chicago/Turabian StyleDavid Lois; Yang Wang; Alessandra Boggio-Marzet; Andres Monzon. 2019. "Multivariate analysis of fuel consumption related to eco-driving: Interaction of driving patterns and external factors." Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment 72, no. : 232-242.
The road sector is the dominant transport mode in terms of demand for both passengers and goods
Andres Monzon; Yang Wang. Toward Sustainable and Low Carbon Road Transportation: Policies, Tools, and Planning Methods. Sustainability 2019, 11, 1709 .
AMA StyleAndres Monzon, Yang Wang. Toward Sustainable and Low Carbon Road Transportation: Policies, Tools, and Planning Methods. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (6):1709.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndres Monzon; Yang Wang. 2019. "Toward Sustainable and Low Carbon Road Transportation: Policies, Tools, and Planning Methods." Sustainability 11, no. 6: 1709.
High Speed Rail (HSR) in Spain began in 1992 and currently has a network of some 3200 km. In this 25-year period, accessibility has progressively increased, changing its spatial distribution throughout the country. However, improvements in the HSR network may or may not have contributed to a more balanced territorial distribution of accessibility levels. These distributional effects of HSR have important implications for territorial cohesion, which is a strategic planning goal for transport infrastructures in the European Union. This paper presents a methodology for evaluating ‘accessibility-based’ territorial cohesion effects of HSR corridors. Accessibility values are calculated for successive five-year periods. Territorial cohesion effects are assessed based on changes in accessibility patterns and their spatial distribution. The results show that new HSR lines have significantly increased the accessibility levels of the Spanish population to most destinations. On average accessibility values have improved in the 1990–2015 period by 48.6% due to HSR, with differences among locations depending if they are or not nodes of the HSR network. The study’s findings show also a more balanced distribution of accessibility, with 15% reduction in the dispersion of accessibility values between 1990 and 2015, implying a positive contribution to territorial cohesion goals.
Andres Monzon; Elena Lopez; Emilio Ortega. Has HSR improved territorial cohesion in Spain? An accessibility analysis of the first 25 years: 1990–2015. European Planning Studies 2019, 27, 513 -532.
AMA StyleAndres Monzon, Elena Lopez, Emilio Ortega. Has HSR improved territorial cohesion in Spain? An accessibility analysis of the first 25 years: 1990–2015. European Planning Studies. 2019; 27 (3):513-532.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndres Monzon; Elena Lopez; Emilio Ortega. 2019. "Has HSR improved territorial cohesion in Spain? An accessibility analysis of the first 25 years: 1990–2015." European Planning Studies 27, no. 3: 513-532.
Reducing traffic emissions is key in transport planning and infrastructure management in order to achieve a sustainable transport system. This paper contributes to this topic in two ways. The first step describes a comprehensive methodology for identifying hot spots road segments and corridors with problems of GHG emissions to enable low-carbon actions. The Highway Energy Assessment (HERA) methodology is applied to the national road network of Spain in order to estimate interurban traffic emissions and calculate the emissions index to assess strategies. The results are shown graphically on a GIS, allowing to identify seven corridors with emissions problems comprising 25% of the network and being responsible for 51% of the total GHG emissions in 2012. Inefficient corridors were those with high rates of heavy vehicles, high speeds and steep gradients. The second step consists of the application of a set of strategies to reduce their emissions and their comparison to the reference scenario. The Mediterranean corridor—the most inefficient corridor—was selected to apply a set of abatement strategies. The most effective strategy was speed enforcement for light vehicles. A speed reduction of 10 km/h could produce a 3.5% savings in emissions compared to the reference scenarios, and decrease emissions intensity from 254 gCO2eq/veh-km to 246 gCO2eq/veh-km.
Natalia Sobrino; Andres Monzon. Towards Low-Carbon Interurban Road Strategies: Identifying Hot Spots Road Corridors in Spain. Sustainability 2018, 10, 3963 .
AMA StyleNatalia Sobrino, Andres Monzon. Towards Low-Carbon Interurban Road Strategies: Identifying Hot Spots Road Corridors in Spain. Sustainability. 2018; 10 (11):3963.
Chicago/Turabian StyleNatalia Sobrino; Andres Monzon. 2018. "Towards Low-Carbon Interurban Road Strategies: Identifying Hot Spots Road Corridors in Spain." Sustainability 10, no. 11: 3963.
This paper summarizes the discussions held during an in-depth six-hour workshop on the challenges of using web for transport surveys. Survey response rates are decreasing worldwide and household travel surveys follow the same trend. To reduce respondent burden and encourage respondents to complete the survey, it may be helpful to improve the questionnaire design or to use web-based surveys. This new media presents some advantages for surveyors and respondents (less costly, always available, etc.), but also some methodological limits, which should be considered (selection bias, data comparability, etc.). The aim of the workshop was to present good practices for implementing web-based surveys. It also summarizes discussions on conditions under which using the web can increase survey data quality. This is a particularly relevant issue, when several media are combined to recruit respondents and collect travel data.
Andres Monzon; Caroline Bayart. Workshop Synthesis: Web-based surveys, new insight to address main challenges. Transportation Research Procedia 2018, 32, 167 -173.
AMA StyleAndres Monzon, Caroline Bayart. Workshop Synthesis: Web-based surveys, new insight to address main challenges. Transportation Research Procedia. 2018; 32 ():167-173.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndres Monzon; Caroline Bayart. 2018. "Workshop Synthesis: Web-based surveys, new insight to address main challenges." Transportation Research Procedia 32, no. : 167-173.
There is much enthusiasm about smart city development, but the actual implementation of smart projects creates a need for specific methodologies to assess smart city projects. This paper proposes a holistic framework for assessing and interrelating smart city projects and urban challenges in a specific region and for evaluating the projects’ potential to generate effects. A generalized Smart City Projects Assessment Matrix (SC[PAM]) is proposed as a tool and applied to the South and East Mediterranean Region at both the regional and project levels. The tool is validated through its application to five case studies. Guidelines for project implementation in the area are extracted.
Victoria Fernandez-Anez; Guillermo Velazquez; Fiamma Perez-Prada; Andrés Monzón. Smart City Projects Assessment Matrix: Connecting Challenges and Actions in the Mediterranean Region. Journal of Urban Technology 2018, 27, 79 -103.
AMA StyleVictoria Fernandez-Anez, Guillermo Velazquez, Fiamma Perez-Prada, Andrés Monzón. Smart City Projects Assessment Matrix: Connecting Challenges and Actions in the Mediterranean Region. Journal of Urban Technology. 2018; 27 (4):79-103.
Chicago/Turabian StyleVictoria Fernandez-Anez; Guillermo Velazquez; Fiamma Perez-Prada; Andrés Monzón. 2018. "Smart City Projects Assessment Matrix: Connecting Challenges and Actions in the Mediterranean Region." Journal of Urban Technology 27, no. 4: 79-103.
The development of sustainable transport networks is of particular interest in the field of smart cities, and many promising initiatives have been proposed over the years. However, there is still little agreement as to the appropriate definition of smart urban mobility. What is really meant by ‘smart’? The paper examines this question and assesses the notion of smart urban mobility as a combination of sustainability and innovation. This approach offers a comprehensive and practical framework for benchmarking cities in accordance with the smartness of their transportation systems. The methodology is based on the identification of quantitative indicators that evaluate urban mobility through a synthetic parameter known as the Smart Mobility Index. Although this Index can be applied to any city worldwide, the research focuses on the Spanish context, with a selection of six cases of different sizes and urban typologies. The results highlight the features that most influence the smartness of a city’s mobility, and can be used to design the appropriate transport policies. Finally, the cities are ranked according to the performance of their smart transportation systems.
Iria Lopez-Carreiro; Andres Monzon. Evaluating sustainability and innovation of mobility patterns in Spanish cities. Analysis by size and urban typology. Sustainable Cities and Society 2018, 38, 684 -696.
AMA StyleIria Lopez-Carreiro, Andres Monzon. Evaluating sustainability and innovation of mobility patterns in Spanish cities. Analysis by size and urban typology. Sustainable Cities and Society. 2018; 38 ():684-696.
Chicago/Turabian StyleIria Lopez-Carreiro; Andres Monzon. 2018. "Evaluating sustainability and innovation of mobility patterns in Spanish cities. Analysis by size and urban typology." Sustainable Cities and Society 38, no. : 684-696.
Despite technological advances in engines and fuels, the transportation sector is still one of the largest emitters of greenhouse gas (GHG). Driving patterns, including eco-driving techniques, are a complementary measure for saving GHG emissions. Most eco-driving studies so far have been conducted in large cities suffering chronic congestion problems. The aim of this research is therefore to analyse the potential of driver behaviour for reducing emissions in a small non-congested city. Driver performance parameters such as travel speeds, number of stops, revolutions per minute, and maximum acceleration-deceleration are also studied. The methodology is designed to measure the effect of both eco-driving and eco-routing under real traffic conditions. A campaign was carried out in the city of Caceres (Spain) to collect data on various types of roads under different traffic conditions. This research concludes that eco-driving leads to CO2 savings on all routes and road types of 17% in gasoline engines and 21% in diesel, although travel times are increased by 7.5% on average. The shortest route is also the most ecological, regardless of the traffic volume and characteristics, implying that consumption in non-congested cities depends mainly on distance travelled rather than driving patterns in terms of number of stops, speed and acceleration.
Juan Francisco Coloma; Marta García; Yang Wang; Andrés Monzón. Green Eco-Driving Effects in Non-Congested Cities. Sustainability 2017, 10, 28 .
AMA StyleJuan Francisco Coloma, Marta García, Yang Wang, Andrés Monzón. Green Eco-Driving Effects in Non-Congested Cities. Sustainability. 2017; 10 (2):28.
Chicago/Turabian StyleJuan Francisco Coloma; Marta García; Yang Wang; Andrés Monzón. 2017. "Green Eco-Driving Effects in Non-Congested Cities." Sustainability 10, no. 2: 28.
Cities worldwide suffer from serious air pollution problems and are main contributors to climate change. Green Navigation systems have a great potential to reduce fuel consumption and exhaust emissions from traffic. This research evaluates the impacts of different percentages of green drivers on traffic, CO2, and NOx over the entire Madrid Region. A macroscopic traffic model was combined with an enhanced macroscopic emissions model and a GIS (Geographic Information Systems) to simulate emissions on the basis of average vehicle speeds and traffic intensity at the link level. NOx emissions are evaluated, taking into account not only the exhaust emissions produced by transport activity, but also the amount of the population exposed to these air pollutants. Results show up to 10.4% CO2 and 13.8% NOx reductions in congested traffic conditions for a 90% penetration of green drivers; however, the population’s exposure to NOx increases up to 20.2%. Moreover, while traffic volumes decrease by 13.5% for the entire region, they increase by up to 16.4% downtown. Travel times also increase by 28.7%. Since green drivers tend to choose shorter routes through downtown areas, eco-routing systems are an effective tool for fighting climate change, but are ineffective to reduce air pollution in dense urban areas.
Fiamma Perez-Prada; Andres Monzon; Cristina Valdes. Managing Traffic Flows for Cleaner Cities: The Role of Green Navigation Systems. Energies 2017, 10, 791 .
AMA StyleFiamma Perez-Prada, Andres Monzon, Cristina Valdes. Managing Traffic Flows for Cleaner Cities: The Role of Green Navigation Systems. Energies. 2017; 10 (6):791.
Chicago/Turabian StyleFiamma Perez-Prada; Andres Monzon; Cristina Valdes. 2017. "Managing Traffic Flows for Cleaner Cities: The Role of Green Navigation Systems." Energies 10, no. 6: 791.
Urban areas play a key role in the development of European territories, and it is essential for them to be sustainable and efficient. However, the European cities are facing some challenges related to certain trends that are threatening their sustainable development and operational efficiency. In this paper, we compare the contribution of three policy measures—cordon toll accompanied by public transport improvements, teleworking and re-densification—to address different city challenges. The policy assessment requires a long term simulation tool, i.e., the MARS (Metropolitan Activity Relocation Simulator) model, which is able to consider interactions between land use and transport systems. The simulations of the different policy scenarios were carried out for the case of Madrid in the period 2012–2031. The contribution of the policy measures to address the city challenges was measured through different indicators. The results indicated that the three policy measures contributed to the time efficiency challenge, by saving time for the commute, reducing congestion and improving the traffic flows at peak hours. The most effective policy in this regard is the teleworking measure. Another challenge addressed by the three policies was the accessibility to PT. The three policy scenarios, when simulated, showed higher PT use, especially the cordon toll scenario. However, the only policy that really contributed to the energy, emissions and pollution city challenges was the re-densification measure, which reduced travel distances and encouraged a mobility that relies more on PT and slow modes.
Andrea Alonso; Andrés Monzón; Yang Wang. Modelling Land Use and Transport Policies to Measure Their Contribution to Urban Challenges: The Case of Madrid. Sustainability 2017, 9, 378 .
AMA StyleAndrea Alonso, Andrés Monzón, Yang Wang. Modelling Land Use and Transport Policies to Measure Their Contribution to Urban Challenges: The Case of Madrid. Sustainability. 2017; 9 (3):378.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrea Alonso; Andrés Monzón; Yang Wang. 2017. "Modelling Land Use and Transport Policies to Measure Their Contribution to Urban Challenges: The Case of Madrid." Sustainability 9, no. 3: 378.
Mobility started to grow continuously from mid-nineteenth century thanks mainly to the development of rail transport services, and this trend increased even more rapidly with the growing fleet of cars and buses. The potential of those mechanised transport means made us more mobile. Getting around from place to place is essential to human engagement and endeavour.
Andrés Monzón; Sara Hernandez; Andrés García Martínez; Ioannis Kaparias; Francesco Viti. Public Transport in the Era of ITS: ITS Technologies for Public Transport. Nanoparticle Emissions From Combustion Engines 2016, 85 -128.
AMA StyleAndrés Monzón, Sara Hernandez, Andrés García Martínez, Ioannis Kaparias, Francesco Viti. Public Transport in the Era of ITS: ITS Technologies for Public Transport. Nanoparticle Emissions From Combustion Engines. 2016; ():85-128.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrés Monzón; Sara Hernandez; Andrés García Martínez; Ioannis Kaparias; Francesco Viti. 2016. "Public Transport in the Era of ITS: ITS Technologies for Public Transport." Nanoparticle Emissions From Combustion Engines , no. : 85-128.
Multimodal trips are increasing in metropolitan areas, making public transport less attractive. There is a need for integration in order to achieve effective seamless mobility. One dimension of integration is to reduce the disruption of transfer among modes and interchanges appear as the best solution when big number of travellers has to transfer. The City-HUB 7FP project1 has developed a three years research for deploying new interchanges and improving existing ones. It starts by identifying two groups of dimensions that define Interchange key features. The first dimension is related to Physical&Size, including passenger demand, modes of transport, services and facilities and location in the city. The second dimension is related to Local Impacts such as developing of new activities –housing, offices, nearby shopping-, jobs creation and its connection with the local Development Plan. The combination of the elements of the two dimensions define the following key features: building design, stakeholders’ involvement and the type of business model. The findings are based on interviews to practitioners undertaken in 26 selected interchanges in 9 European countries. According to these key features, the interchange should organize the space among three different zones: access-egress zone; facilities zone; and arrival-departure-transfer zone. The first one is where links to the local area and access to transport modes are focused. The last one caters for intermodal transfers. Travel information and intermodal services are spread across both zones as well as the facilities and retailing. Users’ perceptions should be collected to improve interchange efficiency. To that end a travellers’ attitudinal survey has been carried out in interchanges in 5 European cities. From the user point of view the most important factors identified in the surveys are safety and security, transfer conditions, emergency situation, information, design, services&facilities, environmental quality and comfort of waiting time. All these elements define the interchange from two different perspectives: “as a transport node” and “as a place”. The first one is related to the functionality as a node of the transport network; the second includes all the features for make the transfer experience more attractive and efficient. The project has identified a number of recommendations for developing urban transport interchanges. Some of them refers to users, other to operators and the third part deals with local impacts, governance issues and business models. All these findings have served to develop an integrated concept of interchange: City-HUB model.
Andrés Monzón; Sara Hernández; Floridea Di Ciommo. Efficient Urban Interchanges: The City-HUB Model. Transportation Research Procedia 2016, 14, 1124 -1133.
AMA StyleAndrés Monzón, Sara Hernández, Floridea Di Ciommo. Efficient Urban Interchanges: The City-HUB Model. Transportation Research Procedia. 2016; 14 ():1124-1133.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAndrés Monzón; Sara Hernández; Floridea Di Ciommo. 2016. "Efficient Urban Interchanges: The City-HUB Model." Transportation Research Procedia 14, no. : 1124-1133.
The road transportation sector is responsible for around 25% of total man-made CO2 emissions worldwide. Considerable efforts are therefore underway to reduce these emissions using several approaches, including improved vehicle technologies, traffic management and changing driving behaviour. Detailed traffic and emissions models are used extensively to assess the potential effects of these measures. However, if the input and calibration data are not sufficiently detailed there is an inherent risk that the results may be inaccurate. This article presents the use of Floating Car Data to derive useful speed and acceleration values in the process of traffic model calibration as a means of ensuring more accurate results when simulating the effects of particular measures. The data acquired includes instantaneous GPS coordinates to track and select the itineraries, and speed and engine performance extracted directly from the on-board diagnostics system. Once the data is processed, the variations in several calibration parameters can be analyzed by comparing the base case model with the measure application scenarios. Depending on the measure, the results show changes of up to 6.4% in maximum speed values, and reductions of nearly 15% in acceleration and braking levels, especially when eco-driving is applied.
Alvaro Garcia-Castro; Andres Monzon. Using Floating Car Data to Analyse the Effects of ITS Measures and Eco-Driving. Sensors 2014, 14, 21358 -21374.
AMA StyleAlvaro Garcia-Castro, Andres Monzon. Using Floating Car Data to Analyse the Effects of ITS Measures and Eco-Driving. Sensors. 2014; 14 (11):21358-21374.
Chicago/Turabian StyleAlvaro Garcia-Castro; Andres Monzon. 2014. "Using Floating Car Data to Analyse the Effects of ITS Measures and Eco-Driving." Sensors 14, no. 11: 21358-21374.