This study harnesses Geographic Information Systems (GISs) and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to identify optimal areas for olive cultivation in Jordan amidst the challenges of climate change. Recognizing the olive tree’s economic, environmental and cultural significance in the Mediterranean, this research focuses on the impact of altered climatic conditions, such as rising temperatures, shifting precipitation patterns and increased weather extremes, over the period from 1994 to 2021. By integrating climatic and topographical data, including factors such as altitude, slope, aspect and temperature variations, a multi-criteria analysis pinpoints regions suitable for sustainable olive agriculture. The methodology combines GIS-based spatial analysis with AHP to assess the suitability of various regions for olive farming, taking into account the complex interplay between climate and topography. This approach allows for the evaluation of potential agricultural zones under both current and projected climate scenarios, highlighting northern and western Jordan as areas with the highest suitability due to favorable precipitation and temperature conditions. The results of this study are vital for strategic agricultural planning, offering insights that can help enhance the resilience of olive production against climate variability. By identifying regions with optimal growing conditions and suggesting adaptive strategies, this research aims to support policymakers, agricultural developers and farmers in making informed decisions that ensure the sustainable future of olive farming in Jordan.

Wheat, a cornerstone of Jordan’s food security and agricultural economy, has experienced fluctuating production dynamics. Population growth, climate variability, and the gradual integration of advanced farming technologies drive these fluctuations. As the population expands, the demand for wheat naturally escalates, placing increased pressure on local production capabilities. This study aimed to analyze the impact of demographic (population) and climatic parameters of rainfall and maximum and minimum temperature on wheat production in Jordan from 1995 to 2022. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) techniques and statistical analysis methods, specifically utilizing Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR), were used to analyze the relationship between wheat production and population within specific periods; this study revealed an inverse relationship of coefficient of determination with (R² = −0.56, −0.78 and −0.89) for the north, middle, and south regions of Jordan, respectively. A direct relationship between wheat production and rainfall and temperature is explored, especially in the southern areas of Jordan (R² = 0.63 and 0.81), respectively. Generally, rainfall accounted for (32.26%) of the variations in wheat production, while the minimum temperature contributed (30.74%). The effect of maximum temperature was less significant, explaining the variations (13.24%). GWR tests confirmed these climatic factors’ independence, indicating each’s direct impact on wheat production. However, the total decrease in wheat production from 1995 to 2022 comprised approximately 34.19% of production. However, the total reduction in wheat production is shown from 1995 to 2022, approximately 34.19% of production. This study recommends conducting further research to delve deeper into the interplay between population growth, climatic changes, and agricultural practices, exploring the potential for developing sustainable strategies to mitigate the decline in wheat production and ensure food security in Jordan.

Objectives: The study aims to measure the amount and characteristics of end-use water consumption and identify the factors influencing it in Al-Kharj village, Irbid Governorate. Methods: Primary data were collected through a structured questionnaire survey administered to 146 randomly selected households. Water consumption for each end-use was estimated using a combination of observational techniques and self-reported measures, including flow rate and usage duration. A multiple linear regression model was applied via SPSS to analyze the influencing factors. Results: The results showed that the average daily per capita water consumption was 66.73 liters, with dishwashing manually being the most consuming activity. Water consumption influenced by household size, the household head's educational level, household income (per month), and total built-up area m². The coefficient of determination (R²) for the model was 0.623, explaining 62.3% of the variance in per capita consumption. Conclusions: The study highlighted the need to develop sustainable demand management policies, given the limited available resources. It demonstrated that achieving effective demand management in Jordanian rural areas requires taking into account socio-economic characteristics, and physical characteristics, given their direct impact on daily per capita consumption rates.

الأهداف: هدفت الدراسة إلى الكشف عن مؤشرات الفرصة السكانية في الأردن والتوقعات السكانية المرتبطة بها، إضافة إلى تحليل تصورات طلبة الجامعة الأردنية لمفهوم الفرصة السكانية والآثار المترتبة عليها. المنهجية: اعتمدت الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي والتحليلي لتحليل البيانات المستقاة من أداة الدراسة (الاستبانة)، التي جرى توزيعها على عينة من طلبة الجامعة الأردنية بأسلوب العينة المتاحة، بلغت (1141) طالبًا. تم استخدام أساليب الإحصاء الوصفي كالتكرارات والنسب المئوية والمتوسطات الحسابية والإنحرافات المعياري، إضافة إلى اختبار بيرسون وتحليل التباين المتعدد المشترك المصاحب (MANOVA) واختبار شيفية للمقارنات البعدية من خلال برنامج SPSS. النتائج: بينت نتائج الدراسة أن الأردن يمر بمرحلة الفرصة السكانية، التي ستبلغ ذروتها وفقًا للسيناريوهات المعتمدة عام 2040؛ إذ شهد الأردن تحولات ديموغرافية هامة، ظهرت نتائجها في تقليل معدلات المواليد وزيادة عدد السكان الشباب في عمر القوى العاملة (15-64 سنة). كما أظهرت نتائج الدراسة درجة إدراك مرتفعة لدى طلبة الجامعة الأردنية لمفهوم الفرصة السكانية، ولا سيما فيما يتعلق بارتفاع عدد السكان في حجم...

Madaba Governorate, the second-largest wheat-producing region in Jordan, is vital for ensuring food security. Hence, its case study could reveal valuable insights to address land use and food security challenges. This study focuses on the conversion of agricultural lands into urban areas in the Madaba Governorate and elaborates on its correlation with population growth. Land use and land cover (LULC) data from 1994, 2004, and 2015 were used in the Markov model to predict future changes in 2025 and 2035 with 80% accuracy (kappa coefficient). The results revealed a significant urbanization trend during the next decade by projecting a 6% increase in urban areas and an 11.81% decrease in agricultural lands. This scenario necessitates the development of sustainable land use planning and management strategies to address population-driven LULC dynamics. Moreover, the study also emphasizes water resource management in this water-scarce region. Recommendations encompass restraining urban sprawl, protecting agricultural lands, and implementing water conservation measures. These findings offer valuable insights to land use planners, policymakers, and stakeholders in Madaba Governorate for sustainable development. The study further integrates spatial analysis and socioeconomic factors to depict a comprehensive understanding of the intricate interactions between population growth, land use changes, and water resources of the region.