The construction of deep underground engineering is greatly influenced by complex geological conditions such as high stress, faults, and fracture zones, which significantly affects the stability of the project. Taking the construction of 1,915-m-deep shaft in Sanshandao Gold Mine as the engineering background, which passes through many different strata and multiple fracture zones, the stability evaluation and failure zone prediction during its excavation under the influence of high stress, uneven strata, and fault structure are studied. Results show that the range of the failure zone increases significantly when the shaft passes through the fracture zone or different lithologies, and the maximum depth is 5.28 m. When the distance between the rock mass in the borehole and the excavation face is greater than 48 m, the disturbance superposition effect basically disappears. This paper provides theoretical and data support for the design and construction of the kilometer-deep shaft in Sanshandao Gold Mine.

Crustal stress is a critical parameter utilized to analyze the stability of the tunnel in underground hard‐rock mining sites. In order to analyze the distribution law of crustal stress and its influence on the stability of the deep tunnel in the Huanaote mining area, the in‐situ stress field model of this area was constructed firstly by using the borehole stress relief method. Moreover, the numerical model is established based on three real engineering conditions: the excavation direction is parallel, vertical, and intersection to the measured maximum horizontal principal stress direction, respectively. Results show that, compared with the other two layout schemes, the stress of two side walls reaches peak at 27 MPa, when the excavation direction is intersected to the measured maximum horizontal principal stress direction, which indicates that the support and maintenance of two side walls should be strengthened to ensure the stability of the tunnel and the safety of personnel and equipment in real projects.