Depressive and anxiety symptoms are common in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Physical activity and social support may prevent or reduce psychological distress in this population. This study aimed to analyse the associations between psychological distress, self-perceived health (SPH), perceived social support (PSS) and physical activity level (PAL) in adults with a diabetes mellitus diagnosis from Spain. A cross-sectional study based on data from the Spanish National Health Survey (ENSE2017) with a final sample of 1006 individuals with diabetes mellitus aged between 15 and 70 years, who completed the Adult Questionnaire. Some of the items from this survey were taken from existing questionnaires: the Goldberg General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) for Mental Health status and psychological distress, the Duke-UNC-11 Functional Social Support Questionnaire for PSS and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) for PAL. A descriptive analysis and non-parametric statistical tests were carried out, including correlation analysis, multiple binary logistic regression and linear regression model calculations. It was found that SPH was related to PAL (p < 0.001): positive SPH prevalence was higher in the Active and Very Active groups (p < 0.05). Weak inverse correlations were found between the GHQ-12 and the PAL (rho: −0.230; p < 0.001) and PSS (rho: −0.234; p < 0.001). Physical inactivity and lower PSS were risk factors for negative SPH and worst physiological outcomes. Thus, higher PAL and PSS were positively correlated with SPH and lower psychological stress in Spanish adults with diabetes mellitus.

Adapted sports (AS) allows the physical activity level to increase in groups such as people with disabilities, pregnant women, children and older people. AS modifies conventional sports' formal structure to make them accessible. This study aimed to analyse the trend followed by the annual publications on this topic and identify the most productive and cited authors, journals, and countries with the highest number of publications, the most cited documents and the most used keywords. The search was conducted in the Web of Science (WoS) and traditional bibliometric laws were applied. A total of 398 documents were identified. The annual publications followed an exponential growth trend (R2=89.5%). "Influence of Adapted Sport on Quality of Life: Perceptions of Athletes with Cerebral Palsy" was the most cited document. The categories of most interest to researchers were Sports Science and Rehabilitation. The journal with the higher number of publications was Retos-Nuevas Tendencias en Educación Física, Deportes y Recreación. The USA had the highest number of published documents (122 documents) and citations (973), leading extensive research networks worldwide. A total of 1270 authors have published on this topic, using "adapted sport", "adaptive sport", "disability, and "physical activity" as the most used keywords. Makhov (12 documents) was the most prolific co-author, and Lundberg was the most cited. Keywords: Adaptive Sport; Modified Sport; Disability; Physical Activity; Exercise.

This study aims to evaluate the effects of a Walking Football (WF) programme on physical fitness, body composition, health-related quality of life (QoL), and happiness in men and women over 60 years. WF is proposed as a safe and accessible activity to counteract physical inactivity and chronic conditions in ageing populations. A randomized controlled trial will be conducted with 120 participants (both sexes), assigned to either an experimental group (WF intervention) or a wait-list control group. The six-month intervention includes bi-weekly sessions with skills training, match simulations, and fitness exercises. Assessments will be performed at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Primary outcome measures will be: body composition (weight, BMI, fat and lean mass), muscular strength, aerobic endurance, agility, range of motion, and subjective well-being (QoL and happiness scales). Linear mixed-effects models and ANCOVA will be used to analyse the data. It is expected that WF will lead to improvements in physical and mental health, contributing to active ageing. This study may also support WF as a tool for social inclusion and well-being in older adults.