El elevado número de edificios abandonados existentes en la mayoría de las ciudades europeas exige una respuesta específica para su incorporación en nuevos ciclos de vida. La reactivación de estas piezas, necesarias estratégicamente para desencadenar procesos de regeneración urbana, entran a menudo en conflicto con la planificación urbana. Ante esta problemática, lastrada por la crisis económico-financiera, se están ensayando procesos flexibles de reactivación de edificios a través de los usos temporales que dan una respuesta a la coyuntura del “mientras tanto”. Lejos de mostrarse como procesos incompatibles con el planeamiento, cabe entenderlos como un sistema complementario, que debería disponer de un marco normativo que permita su inserción en la planificación urbana.

The current socio-economic dynamics and the consequences induced by the pandemic emergency have generated a reflection on the need to recover the dimension of proximity and to share resources, spaces, infrastructures, and experiences. This solicits a remodelling of the system of public open spaces, based on a resilient, adaptive model; multifunctional and linked to the temporality of the functions that spaces can accommodate. The paper deals with the issues of planning and design of public open spaces around the needs of proximity and welfare. This is achieved through collecting and systematizing state of the art concepts on the role of public space within the urban structure of the city, and the formulation of guidelines for design, deduced from an empirical application conducted on a pilot district in the city of Rome. The paper aims to suggest to policymakers and planners a new approach and a path for future research and practice in the planning and design of more sustainable and inclusive green areas and public spaces, meeting the diverse needs of citizens. We undertook this objective through the experimental application of an intervention methodology on the public space system of the San Lorenzo neighbourhood in Rome.

El artículo indaga en las posibilidades y oportunidades que ofrecen los patios de colegios de los espacios escolares para modificar dinámicas adquiridas en los niños y adolescentes. Se han explorado ciertas dimensiones lúdicas, perceptivas, topológicas y jerárquicas de espacio. Debido a la gran incidencia que tienen todas ellas en la conformación educacional del niño, estos espacios adquieren una relevancia cada vez mayor que impulsan a los centros escolares a repensar su configuración. En este contexto se reflejan los resultados de un estudio de caso referido a la experiencia de La Máquina de Bailar (Zaragoza, 2017-2019), un proyecto experimental que llevó a la práctica la posibilidad de establecer nuevas relaciones entre el individuo, el grupo y el espacio en cuatro centros de educación primaria a partir de la introducción de un artefacto musical en el patio de un colegio y modificando la escena escolar mediante una estrategia de supergráfica. La investigación arroja una visión multidisciplinar que hilvana las cuestiones arquitectónicas, sociológicas y antropológicas a través de una metodología que pretende abordar la problemática de un modo holístico.

The paper proposes, through an experimental method, a conceptualisation of theoretical-methodological and practical guidelines for the project on the system of collective open spaces, residual areas, abandoned areas that characterise the contemporary city, both in the urban contexts of the historical city, and in the more marginal areas of the modern suburbs. This methodology was experimented on an historical neighbourhood in Rome (San Lorenzo discrict) starting from the results of some researches conducted in collaboration between Sapienza University of Rome and the Escuela de Architettura, Universidad San Jorge and some design experiments conducted by Gràvalosdimonte design studio. This methodology and experimentation combines the theme of the inter-scalarity of the project (territorial, urban and local scale) with the themes of the flexibility and proximity of functions with respect to local instances and contingencies caused by the pandemic situation and by the sustainability perspectives, with particular reference to the need for urban health, the dialectic between public and private space in the perspective of the notion of common good, the bottom-up project for the construction of proximity spaces and plurality in the decision-making process.

This article presents an active service-learning methodology as a pedagogical approach in architecture schools, centered on the community-led appropriation of public space. This methodology was implemented through the Machi Hata Project, which aimed to revitalize three abandoned areas near Zenkoji Temple in Nagano—Sukeroku Garden, La Rencontre Backyard, and A Goat Garden—by transforming them into "civic gardens." The study documents the sequential processes of analysis, design, and community-led construction of the community gardens, highlighting their potential both as educational tools and as catalysts for urban regeneration.