Aim: Survivorship care plans (SCPs) are recommended as a tool for the care of cancer survivors. SCPs have been implemented with a multidisciplinary approach; however, the specific role of nurses in the SCP is unknown. Our aim is to determine the role of nurses and their degree of participation in cancer SCPs.Design: Integrative review of the literature with systematic methodology.Data sources: PubMed, CINAHL, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Cochrane and Cancerlit databases were reviewed. Articles published up to March 2021 were included.Review method: Of the 2,638 publications identified, 22 studies met our inclusion criteria. Quality of included studies was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute quality assessment tools.Results: The studies showed that nurses play a key role and participate in different phases of the SCP, including design, delivery, monitoring and coordination among different levels of care, with varying degrees of involvement and responsibility; design and delivery of the SCP are the phases with the highest nurse participation (18 out of 22 studies). The majority of SCPs are implemented in specialized, hospital‐based care and focus on short‐term cancer survivors, who are actively undergoing oncological treatments.Conclusion: This review shows that nurses actively participate in the design, implementation and coordination of SCPs. However, SCPs focus on the acute survival and treatment phases, and there is a gap in their use in long‐term cancer survivorship. This gap may be one reason the needs of long‐term cancer survivors are not covered.Impact: This review contributes to the current body of knowledge by addressing the role of nurses in cancer SCPs. We recommend the involvement of an advanced practice nurse as SCP coordinator to improve communication between cancer specialists and primary care providers and to promote continued care throughout the different phases of cancer survivorship, including long‐term survival.
The number of cancer survivors is increasing exponentially thanks to early screening, treatment, and cancer care. One of the main challenges for healthcare systems and professionals is the care of cancer survivors and their families, as they have specific needs that are often unmet. Nursing students, as future healthcare professionals, need education to face these new health demands. They will need to develop specific competencies to help them care for and empower this emerging population. The aim of the study was to co-design and validate an educational intervention on long-term cancer survivorship for nursing, through a multidisciplinary panel of experts. Group interviews were conducted with a panel of 11 experts, including eight professionals from different backgrounds (oncology, cancer nursing, pharmacology, and education), a long-term cancer survivor, a family member of a cancer survivor, and a nursing student. The experts validated a pioneer educational intervention to train nursing students in long-term cancer survival. The co-design and validation of the intervention from an interdisciplinary perspective and with the participation of long-term cancer survivors and their families was considered relevant as it included the vision of all the stakeholders involved in long-term cancer survivorship.
A randomized pilot study was conducted involving 69 third-year nursing students (ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT05270252). Students were randomly assigned to the CG ( n = 34) or the intervention group ( n = 35), using computer-generated randomization. The CG completed the third-year nursing, and the intervention group received in addition the Learning & Care educational intervention. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness, feasibility, and acceptability of the Learning & Care for students to acquire the knowledge, skills, and attitudes necessary to care for survivors and their families. The intervention group significantly improved in knowledge ( p = .004; −1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] [−1.94, −0.37]), skills ( p ≤ .0001; −13.51, 95% CI [−15.19, −11.83]), and attitudes ( p = .006; −5.61, 95% CI [−8.81, −2.42]). The students' satisfaction was found to be high (93.75%). Offering a family nursing approach improves students' competence to care for long-term cancer survivors and their families.
To develop guidelines for the care of long‐term cancer survivors and their families for primary care nurses. A modified Delphi study was conducted. A questionnaire was developed and administered to a panel of 16 expert nurses to obtain consensus. For each identified guideline, consensus needed to exceed 70%, as measured using a Likert‐type scale. A two‐round Delphi study was conducted to achieve agreement among the expert panel. Round 1 data were analyzed using qualitative content analysis for open‐ended responses, while quantitative analysis, including descriptive statistics, was performed in Round 2. After two rounds of evaluation, a final document comprising 58 guidelines across six main themes was established. Of these, 29 guidelines achieved 100% consensus among the experts. The guidelines developed in this study provide a foundation for designing care strategies for long‐term cancer survivors and their families, serving as a valuable resource for primary care nurses. By offering a distinct nursing perspective, these guidelines complement existing multidisciplinary frameworks and contribute original, discipline‐specific insights to the broader field of survivorship care.