A significant impact of marine pollution is the contamination of seafood which has raised concerns due to its potential human health risks. This current study investigated seasonal bioaccumulation of 9 heavy metals (Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn) in 14 commercially important seafood species, including 4 fish, 5 molluscs, and 5 crustacean species. Samples were collected from Pattani Bay, Pattani province, Thailand, during the dry (July 2020) and wet (February 2021) seasons. The edible samples were analyzed for heavy metal concentrations using a flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The bioaccumulation trend of heavy metals decreased in the sequence of molluscs > crustaceans > fish. The possible human health risks associated with heavy metal-contaminated seafood consumption were assessed. The parameters investigated for non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic were target hazard quotient (THQ), total hazard index (HI), and target cancer risk (TR). The average ranges of THQs (7.79 × 10⁻⁸–8.97 × 10⁻³), HIs (4.30 × 10⁻⁵–1.55 × 10⁻²), and TRs (2.70 × 10⁻⁹–1.34 × 10⁻⁵) were observed in the studied seafood species. The results revealed no non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks from consuming these 14 kinds of seafood.

Background and Aim: Canine pyometra, either the closed (closed pyometra [CP]) or open (open pyometra [OP]) cervix type, is a frequent uterine disease in intact old age bitches. Therefore, early diagnosis and appropriate medical and surgical treatments are crucial to avoid the life-threatening condition in these bitches. This study aimed to investigate clinical alterations, blood parameters, causative bacteria, antimicrobial susceptibility, and uterine histopathology obtained during aseptic surgical treatment on bitches with pyometra. Materials and Methods: Sixty bitches of various breeds and ages with presumptive pyometra diagnoses were included in the study. The diagnoses were based on history, clinical examination, blood parameters, radiography, and ultrasonography. All pyometra bitches were ovariohysterectomized as an emergency surgical treatment. In addition, uterine content and tissues were submitted for bacterial isolation, antimicrobial susceptibility, and uterine histopathological analysis. Results: Except for abdominal CP distention, no specific clinical signs were linked to the pyometra type. The mean values of total white blood cell count (WBC) and plasma protein were predominantly raised in pyometra bitches regarding hematological parameters. Leukocytosis was found in both types; however, the WBC in CP was markedly higher than in OP. The mean value of blood urea nitrogen increased in the CP group. Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli were the most frequent causative bacteria isolated in CP and OP, respectively. All isolated bacteria were 100% susceptible to imipenem, meropenem, and carbapenem. Marbofloxacin was the second most effective drug against isolated bacteria from both groups. Uncomplicated cystic endometrial hyperplasia (CEH) was not presented in the CP group. CEH and chronic endometritis (type IV), the most severe uterine histopathological changes, were discovered in the CP and OP. Conclusion: The CP and OP groups presented leukocytosis, increased plasma protein, and CEH and chronic endometritis. Depression, abdominal distention, and enlarged uterine size were the major characteristics of the CP group. Furthermore, abdominal distension is presented in other abnormalities in clinical practices, providing a differential diagnosis. Drugs in the carbapenem group were the most effective against isolated bacteria; however, they are not routinely used due to bacterial resistance concerns. Thus, marbofloxacin was recommended as an alternative medical treatment because it is convenient to manage by both oral and injection routes.

The presence of mycotoxins has been reported in a wide range of agricultural commodities including wine and beer. Due to the widespread consumption of these beverages, risk assessment of contamination by toxins is required for consumer health. In the present study, multi-residue analysis for the determination of mycotoxins was undertaken to survey the incidence of mycotoxins in imported wines and beers being commercialised in Thailand, and to assess the consumer health risk. Samples of red wines (100) and beers (100) were collected randomly from supermarkets and retail shops in Bangkok, Thailand and were extracted using the dispersive liquid-liquid micro-extraction procedure. The quantitation and confirmation of 19 mycotoxins were performed using liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry with an electro-spray ionisation interface in the multiple-reaction monitoring mode. The results demonstrated that the wine and beer samples were contaminated with mycotoxins at 35 and 13%, respectively. The most prominent mycotoxins found in wines wereAlternaria toxins, ochratoxin A, and fumonisins, whereas zearalenone and deoxynivalenol were the most prevalent mycotoxins found in contaminated beers. However, ochratoxin A levels were far below the maximum limits established by the European Union. As indicated by the risk assessment, mycotoxin exposure via imported wines and beers were at safe levels in the Bangkok urban area.

This investigation examined the physicochemical characteristics and heavy metal contamination within the surface sediments and aquatic environments of Pattani Bay, Thailand, throughout both wet and dry seasons. The sediments were primarily composed of fine-grained materials, specifically silt and clay, and exhibited greater propensity to absorb heavy metals from water. Notably elevated concentrations of Cd and Pb were detected, particularly within riverine sediment deposits. This indicates that riverine inputs are significant pathways of the contamination and potentially associated with historical mining activities. Seasonal fluctuations affected physicochemical parameters as well as metal concentrations. The heightened levels of Cd and Pb during the wet season were attributed to runoff phenomena. Pollution indices including the Contamination Factor (CF), pollution load index (PLI), and geoaccumulation index (Igeo) demonstrated moderate to extremely high contamination levels of Cd and Pb in certain areas. The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) suggested possible similar sources for multiple metals including Cd, Cu, Pb, and Zn. The results showed that the heavy metal pollution present is serious, especially for Cd and Pb. These could lead to high ecological health risks and so it is necessary to focus on implementing environmental management strategies for Pattani Bay.

The study was conducted on 50 samples of coffee beans from various origins. The samples included green coffee beans, roasted beans, brew coffee drinks and coffee sludge. Three processes were used to prepare these samples: dried, semi-washed, and washed. Three synthetic pyrethroid insecticides and nine heavy metals were subsequently analyzed using modified Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe (QuEChERS) and acid digestion methods, respectively. The quantification of pyrethroids was performed by GC-μECD whereas those of metals were determined using flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. According to the results, concentrations of both pyrethroids and heavy metals were predominantly found in green coffee beans except for Cr. Pyrethroid insecticides were not detectable in brew coffee drink and heavy metal concentrations were below the acceptable daily intake (ADI) level. Risk estimations for daily coffee intake using the health risk indices (HRIs) and target hazard quotients (THQs) of normal and the 97.5 percentile Thai consumers were less than 1. This indicated that the coffee drinks from studied samples could not cause potential health risk.