Resumo O estresse de minoria aborda a relação entre preconceito (percebido, antecipado e internalizado) e saúde mental em pessoas pertencentes a grupos minoritários, assim como fatores de proteção aos estressores. Este trabalho avaliou a prevalência de sintomas depressivos, ideação suicida e tentativa de suicídio em pessoas trans brasileiras, e sua relação com estresse de minoria, passabilidade, apoio social e apoio à identidade trans. Participaram 378 pessoas, por meio de questionário respondidos on-line e nos serviços hospitalares a que frequentavam. Desses, 67,20% apresentaram sintomas depressivos, 67,72% ideação suicida e 43,12% tentativa de suicídio. Foram realizadas três análises de regressão de Poisson, em dois passos, conforme os desfechos. Nos três desfechos houve associação positiva com o preconceito internalizado e negativa com o apoio social, sendo essas as únicas associações na tentativa de suicídio. Nos sintomas depressivos e na ideação suicida, também se associou positivamente o preconceito antecipado e negativamente a passabilidade e o apoio à identidade trans. Percebe-se a vulnerabilidade das pessoas trans para os desfechos negativos de saúde mental e a importância de enfrentar o preconceito em nível individual e social, assim como promover o apoio social e à identidade trans.

The rates of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among transgender youths are high. However, in Brazil, there are no studies about these outcomes in this population. The present study aims to investigate the prevalence of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in Brazilian transgender youths (binary and non-binary), in association with predictor variables, following the Minority Stress Theory. The predictor variables analyzed were depressive symptoms, discrimination, gender distress, deprivation, social support, and gender identity support from parents and friends. Participants were recruited through an online survey. The final sample consisted of 213 participants, aged 13 to 25 years old. Two equal regression analyses were performed, one for each outcome. Out of the total, 103 (48.6%) identified as transgender boys, 44 (20.8%) as transgender girls, and 65 (30.7%) as non-binary. The mean age was 18.53 years (SD 2.50). The study found that 57.6% of the sample had depressive symptoms, 72.3% experienced suicidal ideation, and 42.7% had attempted suicide. In the final model, the variables that were associated with suicidal ideation were deprivation, gender distress, and depressive symptoms. As for suicide attempts, the variables deprivation and depressive symptoms were correlated. Further studies on this population should be conducted to analyze protective factors for these outcomes.

O estudo avalia a contribuição dos construtos da Teoria do Comportamento Planejado e variáveis emocionais sobre a intenção de repetir o comportamento de manter relações sexuais sem preservativo entre jovens. Participaram 1.245 estudantes com idades entre 15 e 24 anos, de Canoas/RS. A prevalência do comportamento foi de 40% (500 jovens), os quais constituíram a amostra. Os instrumentos usados foram: questionário baseado na Teoria do Comportamento Planejado aplicada ao comportamento e sobre a intensidade de emoções básicas antes, durante e depois da realização. Os dados foram analisados através de regressão linear múltipla. No modelo final, o construto atitude se apresentou como o maior preditor da intenção (80%). As emoções de medo depois, alegria antes e culpa depois explicaram, conjuntamente, 12,5%. Os resultados indicam a influência dos aspectos emocionais na realização do comportamento e revelam a prioridade do componente atitudinal na predição da intenção de realizar relações sexuais sem preservativo entre jovens.

Transgender youth are especially susceptible and vulnerable to mental health concerns. Minority Stress Theory may explain these mental health concerns and avoidance to seek healthcare provision in this population. Understanding transgender youth adaptive and maladaptive coping mechanisms may help create strategies that promote quality of life and reduce the negative influence of stress on their mental health. Our study aims to measure the quality of life of Brazilian binary and non-binary transgender youth and analyze the association with their coping strategies used for dealing with general social and gender-related stress. Participants were recruited through Facebook advertisement directed to young Brazilians, aged from 16 to 24 years, who “liked” pages or joined groups related to LGBTQ+ movement. Gender identity was evaluated by the Two Steps Method. Coping was evaluated by the Coping with Stress Checklist; and quality of life, by the Quality of My Life questionnaire. The final sample consisted of 185 participants. Out of the total, 95 (46.34%) identified as transgender boys, 45 (21.95%) as transgender girls, and 65 (31.71%) as non-binary youth. The mean age was 18.61 years (SD 2.43). The study found that 53.9% of the sample had low self-perceived quality of life, 48.0% depression, and 68.3% anxiety. Better quality of life was related to socialization (p=0.02), whereas a worse quality of life was related to avoidance attitudes (p=0.05), concerning coping with general stress. The study found no association between coping strategies for gender-related stress and quality of life. The Brazilian transgender youth may need support to develop adaptive coping skills to deal with both general and gender-related stress. Also, social interventions against prejudice are needed to achieve better results in the quality of life for transgender youth. Mental health professionals should explore the unique needs and stressors of transgender identity and explore adaptive coping strategies.