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Cesare Oliviero Rossi
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, UdR INSTM della Calabria, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo 14D, 87036 Rende, Italy

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Journal article
Published: 15 July 2021 in Applied Sciences
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To date, few methods allow distinguishing a fluxing effect of an additive for bitumen from a regenerating effect. This research aims at identifying a method to accurately establish whether an oxidized bitumen has been regenerated or has simply been fluxed by a softener. Oxidized bitumens, simulating the aging process that results in road pavement lifetime, were prepared by the Rolling thin film oven test (RTFOT) procedure for 225 min and the Pressure Aging Vessel (PAV) procedure. Their asphaltene parts were extracted and analyzed by calorimetry (Differential Scanning Calorimetry DSC), and the results were compared with the presence and absence of a fluxing agent and real rejuvenators. The self-consistent results showed that the thermal properties of the asphaltene fractions is a sound probe to monitor the effect of rejuvenation clearly distinguishable from the mere fluxing effect. This preliminary study might allow the creation of standard protocols capable of identifying a priori the rejuvenating effect of an additive in the future. Furthermore, given the widespread use of calorimetry for the characterization, it tends to become a widely accessible and useful tool for this purpose in material characterization laboratories.

ACS Style

Paolino Caputo; Cesare Oliviero Rossi. Differential Scanning Calorimetry as a New Method to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Rejuvenating Agents in Bitumens. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 6528 .

AMA Style

Paolino Caputo, Cesare Oliviero Rossi. Differential Scanning Calorimetry as a New Method to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Rejuvenating Agents in Bitumens. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (14):6528.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paolino Caputo; Cesare Oliviero Rossi. 2021. "Differential Scanning Calorimetry as a New Method to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Rejuvenating Agents in Bitumens." Applied Sciences 11, no. 14: 6528.

Journal article
Published: 13 July 2021 in Molecules
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One of the major problems in book conservation is the long-term deconstructive effect of acidity introduced into the paper by several additives, which, in the presence of humidity, generates a hydrogen cation with a strong catalytic role in cellulose depolymerization. Many types of treatment have been used in the past, but up to now, research for less-invasive, fast and cheap methods is still vividly ongoing. In this study, an approach to book deacidification is presented, where alkaline water solutions are administered to bound books in the form of micrometer-sized aerosol droplets, without using vacuum apparatus accessories. Alkaline clouds treatments were alternated with gentle air fluxes of drying steps. Few cycles are required to achieve uniform deacidification of books. The treatment could be conducted with proper apparatus on large volumes, resulting in rapid treatment time and low cost. The titration curve reporting the variation of book pH, with respect to the amount of absorbed alkaline aerosol, was built and interpreted in terms of a chemical model for the neutralization process. FTIR, PXRD and XRF spectroscopies were used to characterize the book chemistry. The effects of the treatment on the book were evaluated by measuring the degree of polymerization (DP) of the paper and the colorimetric coordinates of the paper and ink. Artificial aging tests revealed a general increase in the aging stability of the deacidified paper samples with respect to the untreated samples. Finally, the alkaline reserve data are discussed.

ACS Style

Giuseppe Chidichimo; Alessandra Crispini; Antonio Tursi; Maria Basile; Ilaria Lania; Giovanni De Filpo; Cesare Rossi; Francesca Scarpelli. Water-Based Aerosol for Book Deacidification: Experimental Apparatus and Theoretical Interpretation of Results. Molecules 2021, 26, 4249 .

AMA Style

Giuseppe Chidichimo, Alessandra Crispini, Antonio Tursi, Maria Basile, Ilaria Lania, Giovanni De Filpo, Cesare Rossi, Francesca Scarpelli. Water-Based Aerosol for Book Deacidification: Experimental Apparatus and Theoretical Interpretation of Results. Molecules. 2021; 26 (14):4249.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giuseppe Chidichimo; Alessandra Crispini; Antonio Tursi; Maria Basile; Ilaria Lania; Giovanni De Filpo; Cesare Rossi; Francesca Scarpelli. 2021. "Water-Based Aerosol for Book Deacidification: Experimental Apparatus and Theoretical Interpretation of Results." Molecules 26, no. 14: 4249.

Journal article
Published: 06 April 2021 in Applied Sciences
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In the asphalt industry, bituminous emulsions are widely used in road pavement operations and in building/construction processes such as cold mix asphalt and waterproofing processes, respectively. A very important fact to keep in mind is that not all types of bitumen are suitable for the realization of bituminous emulsions. This is largely due to the variation in their chemical nature and the different cracking processes carried out on the bitumen during the fractional distillation process in the petroleum industry. The objective of this study is to identify the underlying causes of the non-emulsionability of bitumen using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Dynamic Shear Rheology (DSR) analysis. NMR analysis aims at identifying the fundamental chemical components that are responsible for the emulsionability of the bitumen binder and how important their role is in this phenomenon. On the other hand, the DSR analysis is aimed at determining if the rheological (viscoelastic) behavior of bitumen is implicated in its emulsionability. The indications gotten from the data produced by these techniques, enable us as soon as the analyzed bitumen is deemed non-emulsionable to identify what type of additive can be used to modify the bitumen and alleviate its non-emulsionability until a point where its chemical components become ideal for the realization of bituminous emulsions. In this research work, a model bitumen (labelled as Cimar) which is known for its excellently high emulsionability in the production of anionic bituminous emulsions was used as the reference sample. Two bitumens (labelled as Adriatica and Alma) which from preliminary testing were deemed non-emulsionable were alongside the additives selected and subjected to the aforementioned techniques for analysis on their emulsionability. The NMR data obtained allowed the identification of the chemical nature of the components of the analyzed bitumens and the design of the right additive which improves the bitumen and makes it suitable for the preparation of emulsions. In addition to these, a largely uncommon however effective method of acid number determination of bitumen gave indications on an underlying factor which largely influences the emulsionability of bitumen. An aliphatic and an aromatic surfactant were identified thanks to the spectroscopic findings in this study.

ACS Style

Michele Porto; Paolino Caputo; Abraham A. Abe; Valeria Loise; Cesare Oliviero Rossi. Stability of Bituminous Emulsion Induced by Waste Based Bio-Surfactant. Applied Sciences 2021, 11, 3280 .

AMA Style

Michele Porto, Paolino Caputo, Abraham A. Abe, Valeria Loise, Cesare Oliviero Rossi. Stability of Bituminous Emulsion Induced by Waste Based Bio-Surfactant. Applied Sciences. 2021; 11 (7):3280.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michele Porto; Paolino Caputo; Abraham A. Abe; Valeria Loise; Cesare Oliviero Rossi. 2021. "Stability of Bituminous Emulsion Induced by Waste Based Bio-Surfactant." Applied Sciences 11, no. 7: 3280.

Journal article
Published: 26 March 2021 in Materials
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Over the years, the need for the synthesis of biodegradable materials has facilitated the drift of the asphalt industry towards eco-sustainable and cost-effective production of road pavements. The principal additives in the asphalt industry to improve the performance of road pavements and increase its lifespan are majorly rheological modifiers, adhesion promoters and anti-oxidant agents. Rheological modifiers increase physico-chemical properties such as transition temperature of asphalt binder (bitumen), adhesion promoters increase the affinity between binder and stone aggregates while anti-oxidant agents reduce the effects of oxidation caused by exposure to air, water and other natural elements during the production of asphalt pavements. In this study, we tested the effectiveness of a food grade bio-additive on these three aforementioned properties. We also sought to hypothesize the mechanisms by which the additive confers these desired features on bitumen. We present this study to evaluate the effects of turmeric, a food-based additive, on bitumen. The study was conducted through dynamic shear rheology (DSR), atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and boiling test analysis.

ACS Style

Abraham Abe; Cesare Oliviero Rossi; Paolino Caputo; Maria De Santo; Nicolas Godbert; Iolinda Aiello. Spicy Bitumen: Curcumin Effects on the Rheological and Adhesion Properties of Asphalt. Materials 2021, 14, 1622 .

AMA Style

Abraham Abe, Cesare Oliviero Rossi, Paolino Caputo, Maria De Santo, Nicolas Godbert, Iolinda Aiello. Spicy Bitumen: Curcumin Effects on the Rheological and Adhesion Properties of Asphalt. Materials. 2021; 14 (7):1622.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abraham Abe; Cesare Oliviero Rossi; Paolino Caputo; Maria De Santo; Nicolas Godbert; Iolinda Aiello. 2021. "Spicy Bitumen: Curcumin Effects on the Rheological and Adhesion Properties of Asphalt." Materials 14, no. 7: 1622.

Journal article
Published: 08 January 2021 in Scientific Reports
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Long cellulose fiber (10–30 cm), extracted from Spartium junceum, was chemically treated with different softening agents with the aim to improve its textile applicability. A preliminary sensory evaluation of the treated fibers revealed an evident, though qualitative, improvement of the fiber softness. The effects of the softening agents on the fiber was evaluated quantitatively, by means of macroscopic measurements of the wettability, viscoelasticity, and thermal (thermal gravimetry) properties. Moreover, the effects of the softening treatments on the microscopic structure of the fiber and on its properties at a molecular level, were studied by optical and scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction (XRD), respectively. The macroscopic analysis showed that the softeners used increases the hydrophilicity and water wettability of the cellulose fiber with respect to the raw one. Moreover, the dynamical mechanical analysis on sample yarns showed that the softeners increase the interfiber frictional forces. A linear correlation between the interfiber friction and the increase of hydrophilicity and fiber wettability was shown. The treated fiber exhibits a more homogeneous thermal behaviour, due to more homogeneous structural features, since the thermal-induced cellulose fibrils depolimerization undergoes a marked temperature range contraction. These data can be well related with those obtained by microscopy analysis, showing that the fiber surface, after the treatment, appears thinner and less rough, as well as with the XRD analysis, which shows that softeners induce a significant decrease of the fiber crystallinity.

ACS Style

Giuseppina Anna Corrente; Francesca Scarpelli; Paolino Caputo; Cesare Oliviero Rossi; Alessandra Crispini; Giuseppe Chidichimo; Amerigo Beneduci. Chemical–physical and dynamical–mechanical characterization on Spartium junceum L. cellulosic fiber treated with softener agents: a preliminary investigation. Scientific Reports 2021, 11, 1 -13.

AMA Style

Giuseppina Anna Corrente, Francesca Scarpelli, Paolino Caputo, Cesare Oliviero Rossi, Alessandra Crispini, Giuseppe Chidichimo, Amerigo Beneduci. Chemical–physical and dynamical–mechanical characterization on Spartium junceum L. cellulosic fiber treated with softener agents: a preliminary investigation. Scientific Reports. 2021; 11 (1):1-13.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Giuseppina Anna Corrente; Francesca Scarpelli; Paolino Caputo; Cesare Oliviero Rossi; Alessandra Crispini; Giuseppe Chidichimo; Amerigo Beneduci. 2021. "Chemical–physical and dynamical–mechanical characterization on Spartium junceum L. cellulosic fiber treated with softener agents: a preliminary investigation." Scientific Reports 11, no. 1: 1-13.

Journal article
Published: 30 November 2020 in Applied Sciences
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For asphalt concrete preparation in laboratory mix-design operations, bitumens are usually mixed with micrometer-sized particles (filler), sand and centimeter-sized crushed stones in a gyratory press at a temperature of about 140–155 °C depending on the bitumen viscosity, until adequate homogenization and compaction take place (air voids optimum). This requires energy consumption. To minimize it, the process needs to be optimized and is usually made empirically. The aim of this manuscript is to gain a comprehension of the physico-chemical mechanisms involved in the process by exploring: (i) the rheological properties (viscosity, activation energy) of a neat and RTFOT-aged bitumen, in presence and in absence of a filler, (ii) the volumetric and resistance behavior under the compaction in a standard Gyratory Compactor (GC) of their blends with aggregates and (iii) the mechanical properties (Indirect Tensile Strength, compression and tensile deformation) of the final products. Correlations between activation energy and pre-exponential factor of the viscosity on a side, and between viscosity, workability and final mechanical properties on the other side allowed to provide a rational interpretation of the physico-chemical processes involved in the framework of the physics of complex fluids. The scientific clues will be of help in optimizing the workability in asphalt concretes productions with obvious repercussions in terms of energy savings, useful for economic and environmental issues.

ACS Style

Paolino Caputo; Pietro Calandra; Rosolino Vaiana; Vincenzo Gallelli; Giovanni De Filpo; Cesare Oliviero Rossi. Preparation of Asphalt Concretes by Gyratory Compactor: A Case of Study with Rheological and Mechanical Aspects. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 8567 .

AMA Style

Paolino Caputo, Pietro Calandra, Rosolino Vaiana, Vincenzo Gallelli, Giovanni De Filpo, Cesare Oliviero Rossi. Preparation of Asphalt Concretes by Gyratory Compactor: A Case of Study with Rheological and Mechanical Aspects. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (23):8567.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paolino Caputo; Pietro Calandra; Rosolino Vaiana; Vincenzo Gallelli; Giovanni De Filpo; Cesare Oliviero Rossi. 2020. "Preparation of Asphalt Concretes by Gyratory Compactor: A Case of Study with Rheological and Mechanical Aspects." Applied Sciences 10, no. 23: 8567.

Journal article
Published: 29 October 2020 in Foods
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The aim of this investigation was to prepare two solid mixtures containing a soluble polymorph of (+)-catechin and mucic (MUC) or tartaric (TAR) acids as new leavening agents. The solid mixtures were based on a polymorph of (+)-catechin, characterized through Powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD) analysis and assayed in in vitro antioxidant and solubility assays. The dough samples were studied by dynamic rheological tests, while muffins were studied through Headspace Solid-Phase Microextraction (HS-SPME)/ Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis to identify volatile compounds, in vitro tests to evaluate antioxidant properties, and sensory analyses. TAR powder showed a solubility in water almost one order of magnitude increased with respect to commercial (+)-catechin (40.0 against 4.6 mg mL−1) and increased antioxidant performances. In particular, TAR showed total phenolic content (TPC) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) values of 0.0298 ± 0.021 and 0.0081 ± 0.0009 meq CT/g, while MUC showed better results in terms of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) acid (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS), 0.518 ± 0.015 and 0.112 ± 0.010mg/mL, respectively. MS analysis identified different compounds derived from the lipid oxidation process. Muffins obtained using both powders showed interesting outcomes regarding dough process and appreciable appearance/olfactory/taste/texture profiles. Muffins obtained from TAR-based mixture showed also a total phenolic content of 0.00175 meq CT/g muffin, and almost two times improved TAC and scavenger activity against DPPH radical. The formulated powders could be used as suitable health-promoting ingredients in the food industry.

ACS Style

Gabriele Carullo; Francesca Scarpelli; Emilia Lucia Belsito; Paolino Caputo; Cesare Oliviero Rossi; Antonio Mincione; Antonella Leggio; Alessandra Crispini; Donatella Restuccia; Umile Gianfranco Spizzirri; Francesca Aiello. Formulation of New Baking (+)-Catechin Based Leavening Agents: Effects on Rheology, Sensory and Antioxidant Features during Muffin Preparation. Foods 2020, 9, 1569 .

AMA Style

Gabriele Carullo, Francesca Scarpelli, Emilia Lucia Belsito, Paolino Caputo, Cesare Oliviero Rossi, Antonio Mincione, Antonella Leggio, Alessandra Crispini, Donatella Restuccia, Umile Gianfranco Spizzirri, Francesca Aiello. Formulation of New Baking (+)-Catechin Based Leavening Agents: Effects on Rheology, Sensory and Antioxidant Features during Muffin Preparation. Foods. 2020; 9 (11):1569.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gabriele Carullo; Francesca Scarpelli; Emilia Lucia Belsito; Paolino Caputo; Cesare Oliviero Rossi; Antonio Mincione; Antonella Leggio; Alessandra Crispini; Donatella Restuccia; Umile Gianfranco Spizzirri; Francesca Aiello. 2020. "Formulation of New Baking (+)-Catechin Based Leavening Agents: Effects on Rheology, Sensory and Antioxidant Features during Muffin Preparation." Foods 9, no. 11: 1569.

Journal article
Published: 15 October 2020 in Series of Geology and Technical Sciences
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A comparative analysis of the low temperature resistance for a nanocarbon bitumen and other 30 neat and modified bitumens has been performed in the work. The stiffness at the temperatures of -24°С, -30°С and -36°С under technical system Superpave has been accepted as an indicator of low temperature resistance of the bitumens. The stiffness of the bitumens has been determined on a bending beam rheometer (standard ASTM D 6648-08). Before testing the bitumens have been subjected to the double artificial aging: short-term aging – under standard AASHTO Т 240-13 and long-term aging – under standard ASTM D 6521-08. The nanocarbon bitumen has been prepared in the laboratory of the Kazakhstan Highway Research Institute (KazdorNII) with the use of a road bitumen of the grade BND 70/100 produced by the Pavlodar petrochemical plant (PNHZ) and a nanocarbon powder (2% by weight) manufactured from a coal rock of the deposit “Saryadyr” “Corporation “ON-Olzha” LLP, Akmola region, Kazakhstan). The nanocarbon powder (150-200 nm) has been manufactured by three-stage size reduction of the coal rock: I – a mechanical dispergator (up to 2-3 mm), II – an aerodynamic mill (up to 20 mcm), III – a reactor with a rotating electromagnetic field. The neat bitumens of the grades BND 50/70, BND 70/100, BND 100/130 have been produced by the plants of Kazakhstan and Russia; they satisfy the requirements of the standard ST RK 1373-2013. The modified bitumens have been prepared in the laboratory of KazdorNII with the use of the neat bitumens, 7 types of the polymers, crumb rubber and polyphosphoric acid and they satisfy the requirements of the standard ST RK 2534-2014. It has been determined that the nanocarbon bitumen is one of the most resistant at the low temperatures: -24°С, -30°С and -36°С.

ACS Style

Zhurinov M.Zh.; Teltayev B.B.; Kalybay A.A.; Rossi C.O.; Amirbayev Ye.D.. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LOW TEMPERATURE RESISTANCE FOR NANOCARBON AND OTHER BITUMENS. Series of Geology and Technical Sciences 2020, 5, 89 -96.

AMA Style

Zhurinov M.Zh., Teltayev B.B., Kalybay A.A., Rossi C.O., Amirbayev Ye.D.. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LOW TEMPERATURE RESISTANCE FOR NANOCARBON AND OTHER BITUMENS. Series of Geology and Technical Sciences. 2020; 5 (443):89-96.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhurinov M.Zh.; Teltayev B.B.; Kalybay A.A.; Rossi C.O.; Amirbayev Ye.D.. 2020. "COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LOW TEMPERATURE RESISTANCE FOR NANOCARBON AND OTHER BITUMENS." Series of Geology and Technical Sciences 5, no. 443: 89-96.

Journal article
Published: 15 October 2020 in Series of Geology and Technical Sciences
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The main standard indicators (penetration at 25 °С, ductility at 25 °С, softening point, Fraas point) have been determined and analyzed in this work for bitumens of the grades BND 100-130, BND 130-200 and 21 modified bitumens. The neat bitumens of the grades BND 100-130 and BND 130-200 have been produced at Pavlodar petrochemical plant from the oil of Western Siberia (Russia) by method of direct oxidation and they satisfy the requirements of the standard of Kazakhstan ST RK 1373-2013 “Bitumens and bituminous binders. Oil road viscous bitumens. Technical specifications”. The polymers Elvaloy 4170, Elvaloy AM, Kraton, Calprene 501, Butonal NS 198, SBS (L30-01A), KUMHO, crumb rubber and polyphosphoric acid have been accepted as modifiers. The modification of the bitumens has been performed in the laboratory of Kazakhstan Highway Research Institute (KazdorNII). The manufactured modified bitumens satisfy the requirements of the standard of Kazakhstan ST RK 2534-2014 “Bitumens and bituminous binders. Oil modified road bitumens. Technical specifications”. The standard indicators of the neat and modified bitumens have been determined in the laboratory of KazdorNII according to the following standards of Kazakhstan; penetration at 25 °C - ST RK 1226-2003 “Oil bitumens and binder materials based on bitumen. Method for determination of needle penetration depth”; ductility at 25 °С - ST RK 1374-2005 “Bitumens and bituminous binders. Method for determination of ductility”; softening point - ST RK 1227-2003 ‘Bitumens and bituminous binders. Determination of softening point by ring and ball method”; Fraas point - ST RK 1229-2003 ‘Oil bitumens and bituminous binders. Method for determination of Fraas point”. It is found out that all the applied polymers and polyphosphoric acid when adding them to the bitumens decrease the penetration thereby changing the grade of the bitumens. After modification 43 % of the polymer bitumens convert to the next grade, 43 % change their grade for 2 units and 14 % have the grade more viscous for 3 units. All the considered polymers and polyphosphoric acid increase the softening point thereby improving the high temperature resistance of the bitumens. It is determined that at modification of the bitumens of the grades BND 100-130 and BND 130-200 the increase of the Fraas point is 32-45 % and 28-93 % respectively. Most (71 %) of the polymers and polyphosphoric acid increase the Fraas point (decrease the low temperature resistance). In four cases out of twenty-one (19 %) the modification does not practically vary the Fraas point. The positive effect has been obtained only in two cases (10 %) for the modification of the bitumen of the grade BND 130-200 - the decrease of the Fraas point. The increase of the ductility for the bitumens has been recorded only in three cases (14 %) for their modification. In four cases (19 %) the initial ductility remains constant. In other cases (67 %) the ductility of the bitumens is decreased from 26 % to 86 %.

ACS Style

Zhurinov M.Zh.; Teltayev B.B.; Rossi C.O.; Amirbayev Ye.D.; Elshibayev A.O.. STANDARD INDICATORS OF MODIFIED BITUMENS. Series of Geology and Technical Sciences 2020, 5, 188 -195.

AMA Style

Zhurinov M.Zh., Teltayev B.B., Rossi C.O., Amirbayev Ye.D., Elshibayev A.O.. STANDARD INDICATORS OF MODIFIED BITUMENS. Series of Geology and Technical Sciences. 2020; 5 (443):188-195.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zhurinov M.Zh.; Teltayev B.B.; Rossi C.O.; Amirbayev Ye.D.; Elshibayev A.O.. 2020. "STANDARD INDICATORS OF MODIFIED BITUMENS." Series of Geology and Technical Sciences 5, no. 443: 188-195.

Journal article
Published: 30 September 2020 in Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal
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The stones used for the construction of road surfaces have a complex mineralogical and hence chemical composition. They are made up of several types of minerals put together. This generates a significant difference in adhesion with the bituminous binder. The aim of this study is to create a mathematical model able to predict the adhesion between bitumen and stone on the basis of contact angle measurements made on different pure minerals. The mathematical model used was developed keeping in mind the exponential bond that the minerals have with the corresponding bond angle. This model also confirmed the established fact that the lower the value of Δ, the better the adhesion between the bitumen and the aggregate.

ACS Style

P. Caputo; G. A. Ranieri; D. Miriello; A. Bloise; A. A. Abe; B. Teltayev; C. Oliviero Rossi. Mathematical Model to Predict the Affinity Between Aggregate/Bitumen. Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal 2020, 22, 197 -203.

AMA Style

P. Caputo, G. A. Ranieri, D. Miriello, A. Bloise, A. A. Abe, B. Teltayev, C. Oliviero Rossi. Mathematical Model to Predict the Affinity Between Aggregate/Bitumen. Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal. 2020; 22 (3):197-203.

Chicago/Turabian Style

P. Caputo; G. A. Ranieri; D. Miriello; A. Bloise; A. A. Abe; B. Teltayev; C. Oliviero Rossi. 2020. "Mathematical Model to Predict the Affinity Between Aggregate/Bitumen." Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal 22, no. 3: 197-203.

Journal article
Published: 08 September 2020 in Dorogi i mosti
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This work deals with the investigation of a waste food wax as a potentially eco-friendly modifier for bitumen binders in order to decrease the viscosity at temperatures below 120 °C. To date it is well known that ― compared to classical processes ― waxes lower operating temperatures of asphalt paving, thereby reducing atmospheric emissions and costs. Hereafter we will present compare and discuss the effect of this waste wax as well as other waxy and surfactant additives on the macroscopic rheological properties by determining temperatures of viscoelastic transition and viscosities of various bitumen additives blend. Moreover we present a molecular study of the effect of the various additives by studying the molecular diffusion through the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) diffusiometry, Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) measures has been also performed on the various waxes (waste and commercial) to evaluate and compare the solid-liquid phase transition temperatures of the studied additives. Вступ. Наведено результати дослідження воску харчових відходів як потенційно екологічного модифікатора бітумних в'яжучих з метою зменшення в'язкості при температурі нижче 120 °С. На сьогодні добре відомо, що порівняно з класичними процесами віск знижує робочі температури асфальтобетонного покриття, зменшуючи тим самим атмосферні викиди та витрати енергоресурсів. Мета. Встановити вплив цього воску харчових відходів, а також інших воскоподібних та поверхнево-активних добавок на макроскопічні реологічні властивості шляхом визначення температури в'язкоеластичного переходу та в'язкості різних сумішей бітумних добавок. Результати. Представлено молекулярне дослідження впливу різних добавок на основі молекулярної дифузії за допомогою дифузіометрії ядерно-магнітного резонансу (ЯМР), вимірювання диференціальної скануючої калориметрії (ДСК). Також проводено дослідження для різних типів воску (відходи та комерційний) для оцінки та порівняння температури переходу досліджуваних добавок з твердої фази у рідку. Висновки. Встановлено, що віск харчових відходів зменшує в'язкість бітуму за температури нагрівання менше ніж 120 °C, що дозволяє виробляти суміш за нижчих температур. Дія цього воску аналогічна комерційним воскам, які застосовують для виробництва теплих асфальтобетонних сумішей, але його вартість значно нижча, оскільки, по суті — це відходи.

ACS Style

Abraham Abe; Cesare Oliviero; Haris Kaljaca; Michele Porto; Paolino Caputo; Valeria Loise. Waste food Wax additive as a Bitumen modifier for Warm Mix asphalt production. Dorogi i mosti 2020, 2020, 40 -52.

AMA Style

Abraham Abe, Cesare Oliviero, Haris Kaljaca, Michele Porto, Paolino Caputo, Valeria Loise. Waste food Wax additive as a Bitumen modifier for Warm Mix asphalt production. Dorogi i mosti. 2020; 2020 (22):40-52.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Abraham Abe; Cesare Oliviero; Haris Kaljaca; Michele Porto; Paolino Caputo; Valeria Loise. 2020. "Waste food Wax additive as a Bitumen modifier for Warm Mix asphalt production." Dorogi i mosti 2020, no. 22: 40-52.

Journal article
Published: 01 September 2020 in Applied Sciences
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A study on the effect of silica nanoparticles (SNPs) dispersion in bitumen is herein reported. First, the size of the nanoparticles was finely tuned by controlling the experimental conditions during their synthesis, obtaining spherical SNPs with diameter ranging from 95 up to 900 nm. Subsequently, SNPs were embedded with peripheral amine groups by using APTES (3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane) as functionalized agent ([email protected]), and ultimately long alkyl chains were grafted by reacting the free amine with an alkylated aldehyde ([email protected]). All SNPs (ca. 1 wt%.) were dispersed in bitumen to probe their effect on the rheological properties of bitumen. No significant change in the thermorheological properties of bitumen was observed upon varying the size of the SNPs. Slight improvement was observed when using [email protected], while the best results were obtained by using [email protected], showing the crucial role that hydrophobic substituents play in bitumen binders which leads to significant improvements.

ACS Style

Ainur Zhambolova; Anna Vocaturo; Yerbol Tileuberdi; Yerdos Ongarbayev; Paolino Caputo; Iolinda Aiello; Cesare Oliviero Rossi; Nicolas Godbert. Functionalization and Modification of Bitumen by Silica Nanoparticles. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 6065 .

AMA Style

Ainur Zhambolova, Anna Vocaturo, Yerbol Tileuberdi, Yerdos Ongarbayev, Paolino Caputo, Iolinda Aiello, Cesare Oliviero Rossi, Nicolas Godbert. Functionalization and Modification of Bitumen by Silica Nanoparticles. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (17):6065.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ainur Zhambolova; Anna Vocaturo; Yerbol Tileuberdi; Yerdos Ongarbayev; Paolino Caputo; Iolinda Aiello; Cesare Oliviero Rossi; Nicolas Godbert. 2020. "Functionalization and Modification of Bitumen by Silica Nanoparticles." Applied Sciences 10, no. 17: 6065.

Journal article
Published: 05 August 2020 in Applied Sciences
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In the past three decades, several conventional methods have been employed for characterizing the bitumen ageing phenomenon, such as rheological testing, ultraviolet testing, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), gas chromatography (GC), atomic force microscopy (AFM), X-ray scattering, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Nevertheless, these techniques can provide only limited observations of the structural micro-modifications occurring during bitumen ageing. In this study, Fourier transform nuclear magnetic resonance self-diffusion coefficient (FT-NMR-SDC) spectroscopy, as a novel method, was employed to investigate and compare the microstructural changes between virgin bitumen (pristine bitumen) and aged bitumen. The virgin bitumen was aged artificially using two standard ageing tests: Rolling Thin-Film Oven Test (RTFOT) and Pressure Ageing Vessel (PAV). For a comprehensive comparison and an assessment of the validity of this method, the generated samples were studied using various methods: rheological test, atomic force microscopy, and optical microscopy. Significant differences were obtained between the structure and ageing patterns of virgin and aged bitumen. The results indicate that the modification of maltenes to asphaltenes is responsible for the ageing character. When compared with the other methods’ findings, FT-NMR-SDC observations confirm that the asphaltene content increases during ageing processes.

ACS Style

Paolino Caputo; Dlshad Shaikhah; Michele Porto; Valeria Loise; Maria Penelope De Santo; Cesare Oliviero Rossi. NMR Diffusiometry Spectroscopy, a Novel Technique for Monitoring the Micro-Modifications in Bitumen Ageing. Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 5409 .

AMA Style

Paolino Caputo, Dlshad Shaikhah, Michele Porto, Valeria Loise, Maria Penelope De Santo, Cesare Oliviero Rossi. NMR Diffusiometry Spectroscopy, a Novel Technique for Monitoring the Micro-Modifications in Bitumen Ageing. Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (16):5409.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paolino Caputo; Dlshad Shaikhah; Michele Porto; Valeria Loise; Maria Penelope De Santo; Cesare Oliviero Rossi. 2020. "NMR Diffusiometry Spectroscopy, a Novel Technique for Monitoring the Micro-Modifications in Bitumen Ageing." Applied Sciences 10, no. 16: 5409.

Commentary
Published: 29 July 2020 in Applied Sciences
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Asphalt concretes are materials used worldwide. It is well-known that in such materials the minor component, the bitumen, plays the most important role since it binds the high fraction (>95%) of inorganic macrometer-sized particles ensuring a coherent material fit for uses in road pavement. Additives can be used to increase the overall rheological properties, with high benefits in terms of resistance to mechanical stress and to ageing. Among these, nanoparticles have recently been considered as very effective additives in increasing the overall performance, increasing the viscosity, the rutting parameter and the recovery from deformation. However, they are expensive, so a delicate equilibrium between costs and benefits must be found for large-scale uses. In this framework, we furnish our critical analysis of the state-of-the art technologies used for improving the bitumen performances by means of nanoparticles with an eye to eventual added-values (like anti-oxidant effect, antistripping properties, or UV radiation screening which avoids radiation-induced ageing…). We will critically consider the costs involved in their use and we will give our opinion about vanguard techniques which can be fit for the analysis of nanoparticles-containing bitumens and asphalts. Interesting perspectives will be also given for future research and applications.

ACS Style

Pietro Calandra; Valeria Loise; Michele Porto; Cesare Oliviero Rossi; Domenico Lombardo; Paolino Caputo. Exploiting Nanoparticles to Improve the Properties of Bitumens and Asphalts: At What Extent Is It Really Worth It? Applied Sciences 2020, 10, 5230 .

AMA Style

Pietro Calandra, Valeria Loise, Michele Porto, Cesare Oliviero Rossi, Domenico Lombardo, Paolino Caputo. Exploiting Nanoparticles to Improve the Properties of Bitumens and Asphalts: At What Extent Is It Really Worth It? Applied Sciences. 2020; 10 (15):5230.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Pietro Calandra; Valeria Loise; Michele Porto; Cesare Oliviero Rossi; Domenico Lombardo; Paolino Caputo. 2020. "Exploiting Nanoparticles to Improve the Properties of Bitumens and Asphalts: At What Extent Is It Really Worth It?" Applied Sciences 10, no. 15: 5230.

Review
Published: 19 June 2020 in Nanomaterials
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The asphalt industry’s incentive to reduce greenhouse gas emissions has increased since the 1990s due to growing concerns on environmental issues such as global warming and carbon footprint. This has stimulated the introduction of Warm Mix Asphalt (WMA) and its technologies which serve the purpose of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by reducing the mixing and compaction temperatures of asphalt mix. WMA gained popularity due to the environmental benefit it offers without compromising the properties, performance and quality of the asphalt mix. WMA is produced at significantly lower temperatures (slightly above 100 °C) and thus results in less energy consumption, fewer emissions, reduced ageing, lower mixing and compaction temperatures, cool weather paving and better workability of the mix. The latter of these benefits is attributed to the incorporation of additives into WMA. These additives can also confer even better performance of WMA in comparison to conventional Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) methods. Even though there are recommended dosages of several WMA additives, there is no general standardized mixture design procedure and this makes it challenging to characterize the mechanism(s) of action of these additives in the warm mix. The effects of the addition of additives into WMA are known to a reasonable extent but not so much is known about the underlying interactions and phenomena which bring about the mechanism(s) by which these additives confer beneficial features into the warm mix. Additives in a certain way are being used to bridge the gap and minimize or even nullify the effect of the mixing temperature deficit involved in WMA processes while improving the general properties of the mix. This review presents WMA technologies such as wax, chemical additives and foaming processes and the mechanisms by which they function to confer desired characteristics and improve the durability of the mix. Hybrid techniques are also briefly mentioned in this paper in addition to a detailed description of the specific modes of action of popular WMA technologies such as Sasobit, Evotherm and Advera. This paper highlights the environmental and technical advantages of WMA over the conventional HMA methods and also comprehensively analyzes the mechanism(s) of action of additives in conferring desirable characteristics on WMA, which ultimately improves its durability.

ACS Style

Paolino Caputo; Abraham A. Abe; Valeria Loise; Michele Porto; Pietro Calandra; Ruggero Angelico; Cesare Oliviero Rossi. The Role of Additives in Warm Mix Asphalt Technology: An Insight into Their Mechanisms of Improving an Emerging Technology. Nanomaterials 2020, 10, 1202 .

AMA Style

Paolino Caputo, Abraham A. Abe, Valeria Loise, Michele Porto, Pietro Calandra, Ruggero Angelico, Cesare Oliviero Rossi. The Role of Additives in Warm Mix Asphalt Technology: An Insight into Their Mechanisms of Improving an Emerging Technology. Nanomaterials. 2020; 10 (6):1202.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Paolino Caputo; Abraham A. Abe; Valeria Loise; Michele Porto; Pietro Calandra; Ruggero Angelico; Cesare Oliviero Rossi. 2020. "The Role of Additives in Warm Mix Asphalt Technology: An Insight into Their Mechanisms of Improving an Emerging Technology." Nanomaterials 10, no. 6: 1202.

Journal article
Published: 16 June 2020 in Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects
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This paper evaluated the potentialities of a green and biocompatible rejuvenator agent (HR) in conferring an appreciable resistance against the effects caused by artificial aging on a given bitumen. Both neat and aged bitumens were analyzed and compared to analogous samples modified with HR. Control samples containing a vegetable oil as softening agent were also tested for comparison. The tested samples were subjected to a second aging cycle. Structural differences between the samples were carried out through an inverse Laplace transform of the NMR spin-echo decay (T2) and self-diffusion measurements by pulsed gradient spin echo nuclear magnetic resonance (PGSE-NMR) spectroscopy. In addition, dynamic rheological analyses were conducted to determine the dependence of the gel-sol transition temperature on both the type of additive and ageing process. The present study clearly highlighted the fact that artificial ageing, realized here by the rolling thin film oven test (RTFOT) and the pressure ageing vessel (PAV) test, induced important structural modifications. The analysis of relaxation times and self-diffusion coefficients indicated that ageing promoted the formation of molecular populations characterized by a shift of the distribution toward higher molecular weights compared to unaged bitumen. Diffusion data showed also an Arrhenius-like temperature dependence. A correlation between all the data was attempted to understand the role of the investigated additives. The eco-friendly biocompatible rejuvenator helped not only to restore the structure of the aged bitumen, but even slowed down the processes of a second aging (aiming at the first aged sample).

ACS Style

Valeria Loise; Paolino Caputo; Michele Porto; Bagdat Teltayev; Ruggero Angelico; Cesare Oliviero Rossi. Unravelling the role of a green rejuvenator agent in contrasting the aging effect on bitumen: A dynamics rheology, nuclear magnetic relaxometry and self-diffusion study. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 2020, 603, 125182 .

AMA Style

Valeria Loise, Paolino Caputo, Michele Porto, Bagdat Teltayev, Ruggero Angelico, Cesare Oliviero Rossi. Unravelling the role of a green rejuvenator agent in contrasting the aging effect on bitumen: A dynamics rheology, nuclear magnetic relaxometry and self-diffusion study. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects. 2020; 603 ():125182.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Valeria Loise; Paolino Caputo; Michele Porto; Bagdat Teltayev; Ruggero Angelico; Cesare Oliviero Rossi. 2020. "Unravelling the role of a green rejuvenator agent in contrasting the aging effect on bitumen: A dynamics rheology, nuclear magnetic relaxometry and self-diffusion study." Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects 603, no. : 125182.

Articles
Published: 14 February 2020 in International Journal of Pavement Engineering
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Because of the aged binder properties, high Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) content asphalt mixtures are more susceptible to cracking failures than virgin mixtures. Thus the production of recycled Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) for cold climate regions, in which asphalt pavement is subjected to severe thermal stresses, needs more considerations. The present paper deals with three recycling agents for producing recycled HMA with standard quality for paving applications in cold climate regions. These additives were three eco-friendly bio-based materials from which two of them were derived from Amine and Oleic acid reaction and the third was a solid compound of Furanone. As a complete study, the research plan consisted of both binder and mixture-phase tests investigating the efficiency of the additives as a recycling agent, particularly for cold region HMA paving applications. In the binder phase, the additives were investigated in two different scenarios: (I) first the reference asphalt binder was aged then the additives were added (2) first the additive was added to the virgin binder then the compounds were aged. This was mainly for investigating the efficiency of the additives as a softening agent. Considering the goal of this research, all the tests were carried out following the testing methods of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the obtained tests’ results were compared to the requirements of its technical specifications.

ACS Style

Saltanat Ashimova; Bagdat Teltayev; Cesare Oliviero Rossi; Paolino Caputo; Shahin Eskandarsefat. Organic-based recycling agents for road paving applications in cold-climate regions. International Journal of Pavement Engineering 2020, 1 -9.

AMA Style

Saltanat Ashimova, Bagdat Teltayev, Cesare Oliviero Rossi, Paolino Caputo, Shahin Eskandarsefat. Organic-based recycling agents for road paving applications in cold-climate regions. International Journal of Pavement Engineering. 2020; ():1-9.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Saltanat Ashimova; Bagdat Teltayev; Cesare Oliviero Rossi; Paolino Caputo; Shahin Eskandarsefat. 2020. "Organic-based recycling agents for road paving applications in cold-climate regions." International Journal of Pavement Engineering , no. : 1-9.

Journal article
Published: 17 December 2019 in Applied Sciences
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The rheological properties of bitumens can be modified by the addition of specific chemical additives. Taking into account the molecular complex aggregation pattern, we hypothesized that macromolecules characterized by long, flexible, and hydrophilic chains can establish soft bridges connecting the different polar aggregates of asphaltenes, strengthening their overall hierarchical supra-structures, and consequently increasing rheological performance at higher temperatures. Here, we propose the use of low cost and high availability polysaccharides as chemical additives to improve the rheological characteristics of a bitumen and to strengthen its thermal resistance. Fourteen different low-cost and high-availability polysaccharides, (flours, gums, and extracts from vegetable products) have been tested. While alghae euchemae have proved to be the most effective additive, corn and 00 flours are the least effective. Attempts to explain their differences have been made considering their chemical interactions with the polar molecules of asphaltenes within the complex framework of their supramolecular hierarchical structures. Through Arrhenius analysis, a correlation between activation energy and preexponential factor has been found, which can be useful for practical purposes, together with an unexpected consistency with the behavior of simple liquids, despite the striking differences in structure. Furthermore, a qualitative model has been suggested. The added value of this work is the focus on polysaccharides constituting low-cost, high availability materials which are sometimes even found as waste in industrial processes, all factors which, together with the environmental issues connected with their use, can be considered for large-scale applications.

ACS Style

Michele Porto; Paolino Caputo; Valeria Loise; Giovanni De Filpo; Cesare Oliviero Rossi; Pietro Calandra. Polysaccharides-Reinforced Bitumens: Specificities and Universality of Rheological Behavior. Applied Sciences 2019, 9, 5564 .

AMA Style

Michele Porto, Paolino Caputo, Valeria Loise, Giovanni De Filpo, Cesare Oliviero Rossi, Pietro Calandra. Polysaccharides-Reinforced Bitumens: Specificities and Universality of Rheological Behavior. Applied Sciences. 2019; 9 (24):5564.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michele Porto; Paolino Caputo; Valeria Loise; Giovanni De Filpo; Cesare Oliviero Rossi; Pietro Calandra. 2019. "Polysaccharides-Reinforced Bitumens: Specificities and Universality of Rheological Behavior." Applied Sciences 9, no. 24: 5564.

Journal article
Published: 15 December 2019 in SERIES OF GEOLOGY AND TECHNICAL SCIENCES
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Michele Porto; Paolino Caputo; Valeria Loise; Bagdat Burkhanbaiuly Teltayev; Ruggero Angelico; Pietro Calandra; Cesare Oliviero Rossi. NEW EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES TO ANALYSE THE SUPRAMOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF REJUVENATED AGED BITUMENS. SERIES OF GEOLOGY AND TECHNICAL SCIENCES 2019, 6, 295 -301.

AMA Style

Michele Porto, Paolino Caputo, Valeria Loise, Bagdat Burkhanbaiuly Teltayev, Ruggero Angelico, Pietro Calandra, Cesare Oliviero Rossi. NEW EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES TO ANALYSE THE SUPRAMOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF REJUVENATED AGED BITUMENS. SERIES OF GEOLOGY AND TECHNICAL SCIENCES. 2019; 6 (438):295-301.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Michele Porto; Paolino Caputo; Valeria Loise; Bagdat Burkhanbaiuly Teltayev; Ruggero Angelico; Pietro Calandra; Cesare Oliviero Rossi. 2019. "NEW EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES TO ANALYSE THE SUPRAMOLECULAR STRUCTURE OF REJUVENATED AGED BITUMENS." SERIES OF GEOLOGY AND TECHNICAL SCIENCES 6, no. 438: 295-301.

Review
Published: 14 October 2019 in Applied Sciences
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This review aims to explore the state of the knowledge and the state-of-the-art regarding bitumen rejuvenation. In particular, attention was paid to clear things up about the rejuvenator mechanism of action. Frequently, the terms rejuvenator and flux oil, or oil (i.e., softening agent) are used as if they were synonymous. According to our knowledge, these two terms refer to substances producing different modifications to the aged bitumen: they can decrease the viscosity (softening agents), or, in addition to this, restore the original microstructure (real rejuvenators). In order to deal with the argument in its entirety, the bitumen is investigated in terms of chemical structure and microstructural features. Proper investigating tools are, therefore, needed to distinguish the different mechanisms of action of the various types of bitumen, so attention is focused on recent research and the use of different investigation techniques to distinguish between various additives. Methods based on organic synthesis can also be used to prepare ad-hoc rejuvenating molecules with higher performances. The interplay of chemical interaction, structural changes and overall effect of the additive is then presented in terms of the modern concepts of complex systems, which furnishes valid arguments to suggest X-ray scattering and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance relaxometry experiments as vanguard and forefront tools to study bitumen. Far from being a standard review, this work represents a critical analysis of the state-of-the-art taking into account for the molecular basis at the origin of the observed behavior. Furnishing a novel viewpoint for the study of bitumen based on the concepts of the complex systems in physics, it constitutes a novel approach for the study of these systems.

ACS Style

Valeria Loise; Paolino Caputo; Michele Porto; Pietro Calandra; Ruggero Angelico; Cesare Oliviero Rossi. A Review on Bitumen Rejuvenation: Mechanisms, Materials, Methods and Perspectives. Applied Sciences 2019, 9, 4316 .

AMA Style

Valeria Loise, Paolino Caputo, Michele Porto, Pietro Calandra, Ruggero Angelico, Cesare Oliviero Rossi. A Review on Bitumen Rejuvenation: Mechanisms, Materials, Methods and Perspectives. Applied Sciences. 2019; 9 (20):4316.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Valeria Loise; Paolino Caputo; Michele Porto; Pietro Calandra; Ruggero Angelico; Cesare Oliviero Rossi. 2019. "A Review on Bitumen Rejuvenation: Mechanisms, Materials, Methods and Perspectives." Applied Sciences 9, no. 20: 4316.