Fire-resistance experiments were conducted on two full-scale two-way reinforced concrete slabs with three simply supported edges and one clamped edge. This paper presents the design of the furnace, specimens and clamped-end device, the test plan, and the measuring contents and methods. The cracking and failure characteristics of the tested two-way reinforced concrete slabs were introduced. The temperature field distribution of the concrete and steel in the direction of the section thickness, out-of-plane deflections, in-plane deflections, and angle of the slab edges of the two-way concrete slab under fire conditions were analyzed. Cracks form on the slab surface, which is shaped similar to the bottom of a shallow bowl, with two transverse cracks in the mid-area of the medially clamped side and intensively annular diagonal cracks on the corner side. There were several main transverse cracks in the central area of the slab surface. The results indicate that there was a significant decrease in frequency under fire conditions. Relations between the frequency and the central vertical deflection of the two slabs were analyzed by the regression method. This research generates valuable test data that can be used to validate the numerical models developed by fellow researchers in the field of structural fire engineering. Based on the plate balance method and energy method, calculation formula of the limit carrying capacity calculation formula of reinforced concrete two-way slabs with four different boundaries under fire are given, which are simply supported on three sides and clamped on one side. The influence of membrane effect under large deflection is considered in the formula, and the calculated results are in good agreement with the experimental results.

To address the difficulty in conducting fire tests to verify the fire-resistance limit of large one-way slabs with heavy loads in a metro, a scale fire test method is proposed based on the bearing capacity calculation of the one-way slab under fire. The scale fire test method adapted the hypothesis that the deflection of the one-way slab under fire is close to a half-sine function and the plane section hypothesis. The validity of this hypothesis is verified through fire tests and finite element simulations. The scale fire test method achieves a similar temperature field and mechanical behavior between the scaled model and full-scale model of the one-way slab. The results of the fire tests showed that the temperature field and mechanical behavior of the scaled model were consistent with those of the full-scale model, with an error in fire resistance of 4.7%. The calculation results and fire test results are essentially consistent, with an error of 6.5%, and according to the calculation of the one-way slab fire-resistance limit, the key factor affecting the fire resistance of the one-way slab under fire is the temperature of the bottom rebars. Using the scale fire test method, the size effect of the one-way slab under fire still exists, and larger slabs have a greater deformation capacity.

This study investigates the impact of fire on the cracking behavior of immersed tunnels. A reduced-scale (1:5) model of an immersed tunnel was constructed to conduct fire tests in both traffic tubes using the HCinc curve as the applied fire. Temperature field changes were carefully monitored during the test by thermocouples and infrared thermography on the outer surface of the tunnel’s ceiling. The continuous temperature field and temperature changes in the concrete cracks were recorded by infrared thermography. By integrating the temperature field distribution in concrete and the behavior of concrete cracking, an analysis of the depth of concrete cracking in the immersed tunnel under fire was conducted. The concrete cracks exceeded 150 mm at 95 min of the fire test. The results indicate that the inner concrete exposed to fire undergoes thermal expansion, leading to tensile cracking of the outer concrete. Additionally, the fire-exposed surface of the tunnel is vulnerable to cracking due to a temperature decrease. Thus, the design of fire resistance of immersed tunnels should take into consideration the potential for concrete cracking caused by thermal strain.

This study investigates the fire resistance of columns in container-style steel modular buildings through fire tests. Three individual columns and one combined column were tested to evaluate the fire resistance performance of various protective measures: fire-resistant coatings, calcium silicate boards, and rock wool sandwich panels. The combined column protected by 75 mm rock wool sandwich panels achieved a fire resistance limit of 102.1 min. The study concludes that rock wool sandwich panels are a feasible, economical fire protection solution for such columns. The required thickness of rock wool for different fire resistance limits was calculated, providing valuable design insights for container-style steel modular buildings.