Background: Dietary patterns and their possible effects on health and the environment are becoming increasingly important. It is thought that nutritionally balanced diets can also be compatible with environmental targets and, therefore, the Mediterranean diet (MD), which is regarded as a sustainable diet model, comes to the fore. This study was carried out to evaluate adherence to the MD with sustainable nutrition knowledge and environmentally responsible food choices and to determine the factors affecting adherence.Methods: A questionnaire prepared by the researchers was sent to individuals online and 1732 adults living in Turkey participated in this cross-sectional study. Adherence to the MD was evaluated with the Mediterranean Diet Adherence Screener (MEDAS). In addition, questions were asked about nutritional knowledge and environmentally responsible food choices to evaluate the sustainable nutritional behaviors of individuals.Results: Half of the participants (51.1% of men / 53% of women) adhere to the MD at a moderate level. Even the individuals with the highest adherence to the MD had low compliance with the recommendations for fruit (43.4%) and fish (37.3%) consumption. A one-unit increase in age, sustainable nutrition knowledge score, and environmentally responsible food choices score increases the MD adherence score by 0.08, 0.125, and 0.148 points, respectively (p < 0.005). Individuals with high adherence to the MD avoid consuming genetically modified organism food more (p < 0.001), prefer to consume environmentally labeled foods (p < 0.001), and buy food more from local businesses (p < 0.001), while they prefer to buy imported food less (p = 0.034).Conclusion: The results of this study showed that some strategies should be developed to increase the adaptation of individuals to the MD and sustainable nutritional behaviors. Nutritionally adequate, sustainable, and eco-friendly nutritional behaviors should be encouraged to increase the possible health benefits of nutrition and minimize environmental effects. To promote sustainable nutrition, firstly it is important to determine the knowledge level of individuals concerning sustainable nutrition and, for this purpose, it is thought that an international valid sustainable nutrition knowledge assessment tool is needed.

Background: The relationship between adolescent obesity and eating disorders is an issue that needs urgent attention. Screening for eating disorders is as important as dietary interventions to treat obesity. This study aimed to determine the relationship between hedonic hunger, food addiction, and night eating syndrome, which are considered potential risk factors for obesity, and body mass index (BMI) in adolescents. Methods: The data were collected through an online questionnaire. The “Power of Food Scale (PFS)” was used to assess hedonic hunger; the “Yale Food Addiction Scale for Children 2.0 (dYFAS-C 2.0)” was used to assess food addiction; and the “Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ)” was used to assess night eating syndrome (NES)”. BMI was calculated using self-reported height and weight values of adolescents. The mediated structural model analysis was performed to evaluate the effect of hedonic hunger on BMI z score via food addiction and NES. Results: The study was conducted with 614 voluntary adolescents aged between 11 and 18 years. The dYFAS-C 2.0 and NEQ scores were found to be higher in adolescents with overweight and obesity, and the BMI z-score of the adolescents had significant positive correlation with their PFS scores (p < .001). Hedonic hunger has no direct effect on BMI independent of food addiction and NES (β = − 0.051, p = .468), but when the total indirect effect is evaluated with the bootstrap analysis, it was found that one-unit increase in hedonic hunger score increases BMI z-score by approximately 0.22 units (β = 0.223, SE = 0.046, 95% CI 0.131–0.313). Hedonic hunger, food addiction, and NES together explained 5.2% of the total variance in BMI z score. Conclusion: This study showed that hedonic hunger significantly predicted BMI z-score in adolescents through food addiction and NES. This emphasizes the critical importance of evaluating adolescents in terms of hedonic hunger, food addiction, and NES in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of obesity.

Purpose Mukbang, defined as an audio–visual broadcast in which broadcasters commonly eat large portions of tasty food, is a sociocultural trend that can be associated with eating disorders. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of watching mukbang on eating attitudes through uncontrolled eating, cognitive restriction, and emotional eating. Methods Questionnaire was included the mukbang addiction scale to assess problematic mukbang viewing, the eating attitude test (EAT-26) to assess eating attitudes, and the three-factor eating scale to assess eating behaviours. The direct and indirect effects of mukbang addiction on eating attitudes were evaluated by meditation analysis. Statistical analyses of the data were conducted using IBM SPSS version 24 and PROCESS v4.0 by Andrew Hayes. Results This study was carried out with a total of 329 university students. Mukbang addiction scale, uncontrolled eating, and emotional eating factor scores were found to be significantly higher in those with disordered eating attitudes than those with normal eating attitudes (p < 0.05). Mukbang addiction score had a significant direct effect on the eating attitudes score (β = 0.772, p < 0.001), but "uncontrolled eating" and "emotional eating" factors did not have a significant mediator role in this effect. An increase of a one-unit in the mukbang addiction score causes an increase of 0.82 units in the eating attitudes score (p < 0.001). There was no significant relationship between the “cognitive restriction” factor and the scales used (p > 0.05); therefore, it is not included in the mediator variable analysis. Conclusions These findings suggest an association between problematic mukbang viewing and eating attitudes; however, it remains unclear whether this relationship is causal or a consequence of underlying conditions. The absence of significant mediation of uncontrolled and emotional eating in this effect suggests that further studies are needed to understand the possible mechanisms. This study is based on a cross-sectional design and is classified as level of evidence 4.

Amaç: Ramazan orucunun beslenme sıklığı ve besin seçimlerini etkileyerek besin ve sıvı alımlarını değiştirdiği bilinmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Ramazan orucunun yeme farkındalığı, hidrasyon ve beslenme durumuna etkisinin değerlendirilmesidir. Yöntem: Çalışma, Ramazan ayı boyunca en az 20 gün oruç tutan 18-30 yaş arasında, sağlıklı 50 kadın üniversite öğrencisinin katılımıyla, yüz yüze görüşme yöntemiyle anket formu kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Anket formunda bireylerin sosyodemografik özellikleri ve beslenme alışkanlıkları sorgulanmış; Yeme Farkındalığı Ölçeği-30, Su Dengesi Ölçeği ve Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi- Kısa Formu kullanılmıştır. Ramazan ayı başlamadan önce ve Ramazan ayı boyunca art arda 20 gün oruç tutulduktan sonra bireylerden 3 günlük besin tüketim kayıtları alınmış ve vücut bileşimi, boy uzunluğu, vücut ağırlığı, bel ve kalça çevresi ölçümleri araştırmacılar tarafından uygun yöntemlerle ölçülmüştür. Verilerin analizinde SPSS 28.0 ve BEBİS 9.0 programları kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Yaş ortalaması 22.3±3.23 yıl olan bireylerin Ramazan ayı öncesindeki ve Ramazan ayı sonundaki vücut ağırlığı, bel-kalça çevresi ölçümleri ve beden kütle indeksleri arasındaki farklar istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı bulunmuş (p0.05). Bireylerin Ramazan ayında günlük enerji, protein ve A vitamini ile B12 vitamini dışındaki tüm mikro besin öğelerinin alımlarındaki azalmalar istatistiksel açıdan anlamlıdır (p0.05). Sonuç: Sonuç olarak bu çalışmada Ramazan orucunun enerji ve besin ögesi alımlarını ve vücut ağırlığını etkilediği ancak vücut bileşimi, hidrasyon durumu ve yeme farkındalığı üzerinde anlamlı etkiye sahip olmadığı bulunmuştur. Ramazan orucunun vücut bileşimi ve hidrasyon üzerindeki olası etkilerinin daha iyi anlaşılabilmesi için daha büyük örneklemlerle yapılacak çalışmalara ihtiyaç olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between depression, emotional appetite, and mindful eating in university students. Subjects and Method: The study sample consists of 940 university students (348 males, 592 females). The “Beck Depression Inventory (BDI)” was used to determine the level of depression, the “Emotional Appetite Questionnaire (EMAQ)” to evaluate the relationship between eating behavior and mood, and the “Mindful Eating Questionnaire (MEQ)” to assess mindful eating. Some anthropometric measurements (body weight, height, waist, and hip circumferences) of the individuals were taken. Results: The mean BDI score of males was higher than females. Out of total, 25% of the students have mild, 17% moderate, and 4% severe depression. There was a significant negative correlation between depression and body mass index (BMI) (r: -0.124). As the BDI score increases, the EMAQ scores increase. A significant positive correlation was found between a negative score of EMAQ and BMI (r: 0.120). It was determined that the MEQ score decreased as the level of depression increased. The MEQ score was negatively correlated with both the EMAQ negative and positive scores to a significant degree (respectively, -0.258, -0.195). As the MEQ score increases, the BMI decreases. Conclusion: University students are at risk for depression. Negative mood can cause obesity by affecting the amount of food consumed, diet quality, and food choices because of emotional appetite. Mindful eating can prevent obesity by having a positive effect on both depression and emotional appetite. Nutritional knowledge and habits of depressed individuals should be evaluated by dietitians.