The sizable prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in China has recently emerged as an urgent public health issue; however, studies investigating parenting stress in Chinese parents of children with ASD lack clarity in identifying the potential factors of stress. The aim of this systematic review was to identify and categorize the potential factors of stress based on findings in the literature. An extensive search of articles in online databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCOhost (ERIC, MEDLINE and PsycINFO), was conducted, as a result of which 24 eligible articles published from 2007 to 2019 were identified. Four key categories of potential factors of parental stress—cultural factors, parents’ psychopathological symptoms, problem behaviors in ASD children, and caregiver burden—were identified. The impact of these potential factors on parental coping strategies and on the quality of life in affected families were also discussed.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common and aggressive malignant brain tumor in adults and is poorly controlled. Previous studies have shown that both macrophages and angiogenesis play significant roles in GBM progression, and co-targeting of CSF1R and VEGFR is likely to be an effective strategy for GBM treatment. Therefore, this study developed a novel and selective inhibitor of CSF1R and VEGFR, SYHA1813, possessing potent antitumor activity against GBM. SYHA1813 inhibited VEGFR and CSF1R kinase activities with high potency and selectivity and thus blocked the cell viability of HUVECs and macrophages and exhibited anti-angiogenetic effects both in vitro and in vivo. SYHA1813 also displayed potent in vivo antitumor activity against GBM in immune-competent and immune-deficient mouse models, including temozolomide (TMZ) insensitive tumors. Notably, SYHA1813 could penetrate the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and prolong the survival time of mice bearing intracranial GBM xenografts. Moreover, SYHA1813 treatment resulted in a synergistic antitumor efficacy in combination with the PD-1 antibody. As a clinical proof of concept, SYHA1813 achieved confirmed responses in patients with recurrent GBM in an ongoing first-in-human phase I trial. The data of this study support the rationale for an ongoing phase I clinical study (ChiCTR2100045380).

The multi-UAV task assignment problem in large-scale group-to-group interception scenarios presents challenges in terms of large computational complexity and the lack of accurate evaluation models. This paper proposes an effective evaluation model and hierarchical task assignment framework to address these challenges. The evaluation model incorporates the dynamics constraints specific to fixed-wing UAVs and improves the Apollonius circle model to accurately describe the cooperative interception effectiveness of multiple UAVs. By evaluating the interception effectiveness during the interception process, the assignment scheme of the multiple UAVs could be given based on the model. To optimize the configuration of UAVs and targets, a hierarchical framework based on the network flow algorithm is employed. This framework utilizes a clustering method based on feature similarity and interception advantage to decompose the large-scale task assignment problem into smaller, complete submodels. Following the assignment, Dubins curves are planned to the optimal interception points, ensuring the effectiveness of the interception task. Simulation results demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed scheme. With the increase in the model scale, the proposed scheme has a greater descending rate of runtime. In a large-scale scenario involving 200 UAVs and 100 targets, the runtime is reduced by $84.86\%$.

Clustering is an effective solution to improve the management efficiency of large-scale systems. One one hand, UAVs performing the same task have a similar moving tendency. One the other hand, the network topology of the UAV swarms is dynamically changing. Considering the above two aspects, our main contributrons are designing a group-oriented distributed clustering algorithm based on the coalition game that couples task attributes and communication attributes. The clustering goal is to divide UAVs performing the same task into one cluster and make each cluster have more UAVs under the cluster size limits, thus improving communication efficiency. The proposed algorithm comprehensively considers the task group information and communication link stability as the coalition value. UAVs decide whether to leave their current coalition based on coalition values. Through periodic parallel switch operations selection, UAVs are divided into the desired clustering structure. Simulations verify that our clustering algorithm is effective and better than the existing ones, especially in communication link stability, cluster numbers, and load balance.

Objective: To describe the spatiotemporal characteristics and trend of incidence and mortality of hepatitis B in China from 2004 to 2021 and to identify its possible hotspots and potential high-risk areas for the disease. Methods: Time trends in hepatitis B incidence and mortality were analyzed using Joinpoint regression models, and annual percentage change (APC) and average annual percentage change (AAPC) were calculated stratified by age. The spatial autocorrelation analysis of GeoDa and the space-time scanning analysis of SaTScan software were used to identify potential changes and regional differences in the spatial and temporal distribution of hepatitis B humans in China during the study period. Results: From 2004 to 2021, the number of hepatitis B cases in China increased from 916,396 in 2004 to 976,233 in 2021 (AAPC=0.31%, P=0.665), and the number of deaths decreased from 783 in 2004 to 413 in 2021 (AAPC=-3.23%, P =0.076). There was an increasing trend of standardized incidence of hepatitis B in the age group over 30 years. The High-High cluster areas of incidence rate of hepatitis B in China from 2004 to 2012 were mainly concentrated in the northwest,and in the southeast from 2017 to 2021 were concentrated, while the High-Low cluster areas of mortality rate of hepatitis B were mainly concentrated in Beijing and Shanghai from 2004 to 2019.The results of space–time cluster analysis for incidence rate of hepatitis B in China from 2004 to 2018 included one primary clustering area and two secondary clustering areas. The primary clustering area was located in the west of China, including Tibet, Qinghai, Xinjiang and Gansu, and the high-risk time frame was from January 2006 to December 2012 (RR = 2.78, LLR = 300786.49, P < 0.001). The results of space–time cluster analysis for mortality rate of hepatitis B in China from 2004 to 2018 included one primary clustering area and two secondary clustering areas. The primary clustering area was located in Beijing of China, and the high-risk time frame was from January 2007 to December 2013 (RR = 12.14, LLR = 1120.197907, P < 0.001). Conclusion: The overall trend incidence and mortality of hepatitis B in China has decreased over the 18-year period, but the number of hepatitis B incidences is on the rise. The spatial distribution of hepatitis B incidence rate in each region of the country had spatial positive correlation.Hepatitis B incidence and mortality rates vary widely in China with different epidemiologic trends affecting different locations and revealing different spatial changing patterns.