Transitions between the unfolded and native states of the ordered globular proteins are accompanied by the accumulation of several intermediates, such as pre-molten globules, wet molten globules, and dry molten globules. Structurally equivalent conformations can serve as native functional states of intrinsically disordered proteins. This overview captures the characteristics and importance of these molten globules in both structured and intrinsically disordered proteins. It also discusses examples of engineered molten globules. The formation of these intermediates under conditions of macromolecular crowding and their interactions with nanomaterials are also reviewed.

The field of chronic wound care has been rapidly evolving. With a market size for care of chronic wounds in billions of USD, this is not an insignificant area to encourage more sustainable practices and processes. The sourcing of starting materials for wound dressings from renewable resources is the first crucial step in ensuring that the environmental impact is minimized. Next important choice is to select methodologies in accordance with the principles of green chemistry. This involves utilizing green solvents as reaction media in the chemical processes for preparing dressing materials.In many cases, like production of hydrogels, chemical crosslinking reagents are often employed. These can be, in general, easily replaced by enzymes like peroxidases, tyrosinases and sortases. Process intensification strategies have emerged as a powerful approach to ensure economy and sustainability in production of materials at large scale. Use of microwave radiations and ultrasonication instead of heat to accelerate reaction rates in production of dressing materials helps in many cases to inject sustainability in care of chronic wounds.This review attempts to highlight the ongoing efforts and future possibilities in the area of the development of cost-effective wound dressings by sustainable methods. Graphical Abstract

Functional attributes of recombinant CtCBM35 (family 35 carbohydrate binding module) of β-mannanase of family 26 Glycoside Hydrolase from Clostridium thermocellum were deduced by biochemical and in...