RESUMO Buscar soluções para a problemática dos resíduos sólidos domiciliares (RSD) é um dos desafios enfrentados pelos gestores municipais. Diante do cenário ascendente de geração desses materiais, principalmente nos centros urbanos, a implantação de um modelo integrado e adequado à realidade da municipalidade torna-se imprescindível. Nesse sentido, a setorização de rotas de coleta a partir da utilização de técnicas multivariadas pode auxiliar o gestor na proposição de modelos setoriais de resíduos sólidos que contemplem as particularidades socioeconômicas das áreas estudadas. Desse modo, o presente artigo utiliza as técnicas multivariadas de análise de componentes principais, para avaliar a correlação entre população, renda, geração e composição gravimétrica dos resíduos, elencando, entre esses indicadores, os mais representativos; e a análise de agrupamento hierárquico, para setorizar 31 rotas de coleta em clusters por similaridade. Verificou-se que a população, a renda domiciliar e per capita, a geração de resíduos per capita e os resíduos recicláveis, alimentares e putrescíveis foram bem representados no estudo. A renda e a geração per capita apresentaram forte correlação positiva. A setorização das rotas gerou dois grupos: A e B, que resultaram em cinco subgrupos por similaridade: A1, A2, B1, B2 e B3. Os subgrupos A1 e A2 contemplaram os setores de classe baixa, ao passo que os clusters B1, B2 e B3 compreenderam os setores de classe alta, média e comercial, respectivamente. A setorização de rotas mediante o grau de similaridade apresenta-se como etapa basilar para a proposição de modelos setoriais de RSD que busquem o entendimento das particularidades elencadas.

Purpose: This article aimed to know the popular knowledge about sanitary sewage in relation to the socioeconomic profile of the participants. Theoretical framework: Corresponds to searches in scientific literature, legislation and standards and technical data on social research and basic sanitation. Method/design/approach: Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, the survey was carried out virtually, with the sharing of an electronic questionnaire via email and WhatsApp messages. The survey responses were crossed with the qualifications of the participants according to the parameters of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The data were confronted with regulations and existing scientific research on the subject. Results and conclusion: The responses of 251 participants were considered. Although only nine had academic training up to Elementary School, these being residents of low-income neighbourhoods, it was observed that this was the group that most deals with the problems arising from the lack of basic sanitation, more specifically sanitary sewage. With this, it was possible to point out the populations of the poorest communities as the public most affected by the problems caused by the lack of a sanitary sewage system. Finally, resolving strategies were formulated for the problems now identified. Research implications: It mainly contributes with regard to the proposition of strategic initiatives to solve problems arising from the malfunction and/or use of basic sanitation services. Originality/value: It mainly contributes with regard to the proposition of strategic initiatives to solve problems arising from the malfunction and/or use of basic sanitation services.

IMPACTOS SOCIOAMBIENTAIS DOS DEJETOS DA PECUÁRIA NO ÂMBITO RURAL: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA

Anomalocardia brasiliana (Gmelin, 1791) (Bivalvia, Veneridae) distribution pattern was studied from September 2006 to June 2007 in the Itamaracá tropical estuarine system in Northeastern Brazil. Three areas were selected and in each one three transects with three equidistant stations were plotted. At each station, four samples were collected with a 0.0626 m2 quadrate. Shell morphometric measurements showed the presence of four size classes, varying from 20 mm. A total of 56,865 individuals of A. brasiliana were collected and the three banks studied showed significant differences in abundance (Kruskal-Wallis-Dunn p< 0.05). Ramalho area presented 49% of the total collected individuals and the size class 11 to 15 mm predominated in all sites. Key words: Bivalve mollusk; Anomalocardia brasiliana; Distribution pattern.

Island environments have specific biotic and abiotic characteristics, as fragility, limitation of natural resources, geographic isolation, and fragmentation are determining factors that directly affect these areas. Thus, it is relevant to understand the natural evolution of the landscape in the islands, considering the anthropic actions and climate changes in the transformation of vegetation cover, as a means of time series and study of satellite images. This paper aims to analyze the dynamics of the landscape (changes in vegetation cover) of the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago concerning urban development, and other anthropic activities that occurred between 1999 and 2018, through remote sensing images, to establish comparisons with the Island Management Plans that were elaborated in the years of 2005 and 2017. Also, this study intends to raise elements to assist in the spatial management of the Archipelago and to establish Public Conservation Policies for Fernando de Noronha and other island areas. Images from Landsat 7 and Landsat 8 were obtained for scenes from 1999 and 2017, respectively. These images were preprocessed and analyzed in Quantum GIS 2.18 software. And applied the NDVI calculation. It was also used the database found in the sustainable management plan of the archipelago provided by the state government of Pernambuco. With these data, it was possible to diagnose a vegetative growth on the island of about 45.36% in 17 years corroborating with the changes found in the data coming from the island's management plan. However, there are no changes in the phytosociological diversity of the island, this cause is pointed out to the invading and ruderals species of the island that are established and propagate.

As políticas públicas devem ser relevantes para a elaboração e posterior execução das ações das governanças e das demais entidades, no propósito de mitigar os impactos ambientais, dos quais as atividades humanas são preponderantes. Neste sentido, o Tribunal de Justiça de Pernambuco vem assumindo iniciativas sustentáveis através do Plano de Logística Sustentável da instituição. Desta forma, o presente artigo visa analisar as políticas públicas no trato da questão hídrica, dando destaque particular ao Plano de Logística Sustentável do Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de Pernambuco, buscando compreender a relação com os mecanismos legais para aumento da eficiência e eficácia hídrica. A metodologia focou no levantamento documental de âmbito internacional, nacional e estadual, concernente a Acordos, Leis, Decretos e Normas, por meio de leitura crítica. Os Acordos Internacionais liderados pela ONU tornaram-se importantes fomentadores de políticas públicas, no enfrentamento dos fenômenos e fatores que contribuem para a ocorrência da escassez hídrica no mundo. As Leis nacionais e os demais instrumentos infralegais seguiram estes encaminhamentos, buscando adequarem-se à tendência mundial para promover a sustentabilidade hídrica. Já o Tribunal de Justiça de Pernambuco, por meio do Plano de Logística Sustentável, pode ser considerado um caso de benchmarking setorial, mesmo que as iniciativas ainda necessitem de maior aprofundamento nos campos ambiental, social e de governança.