Caatinga is a biome located in Brazilian northeast region well known by the dry forest vegetation. The analyzed area called charcoaling zone has a great suppression of native vegetation to supply the charcoal market. Through the images from the Operational Linescan System sensor of LANDSAT 8, this paper demonstrates, in a spatial-temporal way, the degradation in landscapes of the Caatinga biome and the evaluation of the forest scenario. Thus, it has been possible to evaluate the changes experienced by the vegetation (2013–2016) and to identify the land use patterns and coverage and to quantify them according to the obtained satellite images. Agriculture and the exposed soil represent about 70% of the area, considering the growing of the anthropic area and consequently the emergence of several exposed soil areas. The simulation of the future scenarios was used by modeling with the application DINAMICA EGO, generating projections of the region of the coal for the year of 2019. In addition, the assessment of the forest effacement demonstrates decreased development of the forest and increased levels of exposed soil.

Island environments have specific biotic and abiotic characteristics, as fragility, limitation of natural resources, geographic isolation, and fragmentation are determining factors that directly affect these areas. Thus, it is relevant to understand the natural evolution of the landscape in the islands, considering the anthropic actions and climate changes in the transformation of vegetation cover, as a means of time series and study of satellite images. This paper aims to analyze the dynamics of the landscape (changes in vegetation cover) of the Fernando de Noronha Archipelago concerning urban development, and other anthropic activities that occurred between 1999 and 2018, through remote sensing images, to establish comparisons with the Island Management Plans that were elaborated in the years of 2005 and 2017. Also, this study intends to raise elements to assist in the spatial management of the Archipelago and to establish Public Conservation Policies for Fernando de Noronha and other island areas. Images from Landsat 7 and Landsat 8 were obtained for scenes from 1999 and 2017, respectively. These images were preprocessed and analyzed in Quantum GIS 2.18 software. And applied the NDVI calculation. It was also used the database found in the sustainable management plan of the archipelago provided by the state government of Pernambuco. With these data, it was possible to diagnose a vegetative growth on the island of about 45.36% in 17 years corroborating with the changes found in the data coming from the island's management plan. However, there are no changes in the phytosociological diversity of the island, this cause is pointed out to the invading and ruderals species of the island that are established and propagate.

A Mata Atlântica é um dos ecossistemas mais fragmentados e mais explorados do Brasil. Os principais impactos negativos dessa fragmentação incluem a dificuldade de dispersão e locomoção da biota, redução do fluxo gênico e da variabilidade genética e risco de extinção de espécies. Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar, com o auxílio de geotecnologias, possíveis rotas para implementação de corredores ecológico (CEs) que possam ampliar a conectividade entre Unidades de Conservação (UCs) em uma região de Mata Atlântica no Nordeste do Brasil. O estudo foi conduzido na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Gurjaú (BHRG), utilizando como base cartográfica: a rede hidrográfica e rodoviária, as UCs, o uso e ocupação da terra do ano de 2018, e o Modelo Digital de Elevação Topodata da região em estudo. Foram identificadas, por meio da técnica de análise de caminhos de menor custo, possíveis rotas para a implementação de CEs entre as cinco UCs presentes na BHRG. Após o processamento de dados foram obtidas duas rotas distintas, com quatro CEs cada uma. Os CEs propostos pela rota 1 somam uma área que correspondem a 4,60% da extensão total da BHRG, enquanto que os CEs propostos pela rota 2 correspondem a aproximadamente 5,04%. A partir dos resultados obtidos, conclui-se que a rota 1 é o trajeto mais favorável a implantação dos CEs, visto que, necessita de menor área de implantação e, consequentemente, menor conflito de uso e ocupação de terra, além de possuir aproximadamente 13% da área em APPs, o que facilita sua criação e manutenção.

The second most cultivated plant to a forest range in Brazil is the Pinus elliottii. This paper aims to evaluate the spectral behavior of individuals of Pinus elliottii in the electromagnetic radiation (1st) of the visible and (2nd) the infrared, when submitted to the water deficit. The experiment was conducted in the city of Santa Maria located at the Rio Grande do Sul State. The spectral responses of 10 individuals of Pinus elliottii were observed in different climatic seasons at 24 months of age. To evaluate the spectral behavior a spectroradiometer was used, and the behavior in the 450 to 1700 nm range was analyzed. Five individuals were submitted to water deficit treatment and five were used as controls, remaining in adequate water conditions. The spectral pattern for individuals submitted to water deficit was similar, but a trend of wavelength responses in the region of visible green (577-491 nm) and near-infrared (1100-789 nm) was noticeable. The most evident differences occurred in the fall season when differences in spectral amplitudes are noticeable and significantly different from the rest of the year.