Innovation in the design of Li-ion rechargeable batteries is necessary to overcome safety concerns and meet energy demands. In this regard, a new generation of Li-ion batteries (LIBs) in the form of all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) has been developed, attracting a great deal of attention for their high-energy density and excellent mechanical-electrochemical stability. This review describes the current state of research and development on ASSB technology. To this end, study of the literature and patents as well as market analysis over the last two decades were carried out, highlighting how scientific achievements have informed the application of commercially profitable ASSBs. Analyzing the patents registered over the past 20 years revealed that the number of them had increased exponentially-from only few per year in early 2000 to more than 342 in 2020. Published literature and patents on the topic declare a solid-state electrolyte (SSE) to be the main component of ASSBs, and most patented examples are referred to as solid inorganic electrolytes (SIEs), followed by solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) and solid hybrid electrolytes (SHEs) in popularity. Investigation of company websites, social media profiles, reports, and academic publications identified 93 companies associated with ASSBs. A list of leading businesses in the solid-state battery sector was compiled, out of which 36 provided information on the ASSB units in their product portfolio for detailed analysis.

The community renewable energy offers much potential for sustainable projects differing in terms of regional governance, technology, social, and economic settings. However, the energy sector often lacks a systematic approach to community energy project data, and community projects are based on diversified value proposition designs. This study introduces a new concept of value proposition canvas. Four regional case studies provide essential inputs for the novel community renewable energy value proposition canvas based on the triple bottom line concept. The argument of this study is that energy communities bring together multiple positive local impacts. Moreover, we offer a novel, structured way of looking at its value propositions in the form of triple bottom line value proposition canvas. The study results might serve for the new entrants to the low carbon energy communities and decision-making authorities in energy policy.

Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues is a peer-reviewed journal which publishes original research papers and case studies

The electrochemical parameters of a novel binder-free self-standing biomimetic cathode based on lithium manganese oxide (LMO) and carbon nanotubes (CNT) for rechargeable Lithium-ion aqueous batteries (ReLIAB) are improved using polyaniline (PANI) core-shell in situ polymerization and graphene (Gr). The fabricated cathode material exhibits the so-called “tectonic plate island bridge” biomimetic structure. This constitution is created by combining three components as shown by a SEM and a TEM analysis: the Gr substrates support an entangled matrix of conductive CNT which connect island of non-conductive inorganic material composed of LMO. The typical spinel structure of the LMO remains unchanged after modifying the basic structure with Gr and PANI due to a simplified hydrothermal method used for synthesis. The Gr and PANI core-shell coating improves the electric conductivity from 0.0025 S/cm up to 1 S/cm. The electrochemical performances of the LMO/CNT-Gr/PANI composite electrode are optimized up to 136 mA h g⁻¹ compared to 111 mA h g⁻¹ of the LMO/CNT. Besides that, the new electrode shows good cycling stability after 200 galvanostatic charging/discharging cycles, making this structure a future candidate for cathode materials for ReLIAB.