In the last two years, breastfeeding rates have experienced a notable decline worldwide. Only 46% of women breastfeed their children, the figure being much lower in primiparous women [1]. Currently, breastfeeding rates worldwide have been significantly reduced, the World Health Organization (WHO) [2], estimates that the percentage of infants exclusively breastfed up to six months […]

Aims: To assess factors associated with the prevalence of breastfeeding in a cohort of Spanish primiparous pregnant women to whom a health education program was applied. Methods: Prospective, descriptive, and inferential cohort analysis with data obtained from the beginning of pregnancy to the child’s year. Prevalence of breastfeeding was classified into periods or categories: (1) “non-breastfeeding”; (2) “breastfeeding until 6 months”; (3) “breastfeeding up to 12 months”. The sample was 288 primiparous pregnant women divided into two groups of equal size using as a matching strategy whether they attended the health education sessions with or without an informal caregiver (mother, partner, sister): group A (primiparous women who attended the sessions without an informal caregiver; n = 144) and group B (primiparous women who attended the sessions with an informal caregiver; n = 144). Results: The best-associated variables with the prevalence of breastfeeding were age, vitamin B₁₂ variation (postintervention—preintervention), and informal caregiver intervention. This association was statistically significant for breastfeeding up to 12 months of age compared to non-breastfeeding (age (p = 0.007); vitamin B₁₂ variation (p = 0.010); caregiver intervention (p = 0.008)). The younger the breastfeeding woman, the greater the probability of breastfeeding up to 12 months (β: −0.246 (0.91); OR: 0.782 (0.654–0.935)). The greater the increase in vitamin B₁₂ after the educational intervention program, the greater the probability of breastfeeding up to 12 months (β: 0.007 (0.003); OR: 1.007 (1.002–1.012)). The absence of an informal caregiver decreased the likelihood that breastfeeding would be maintained until the child’s 12 months (β: −0.734 (1.024); OR: 0.065 (0.009–0.483)). Conclusions: The prevalence of breastfeeding up to 12 months, in a cohort of Spanish primiparous women, increased the higher increase in vitamin B₁₂ levels after applying an educational intervention program to promote breastfeeding. The prevalence of breastfeeding up to 12 months also increased with the presence of the informal caregiver and in young women.

Esta investigación analiza la relación entre la gestión educativa estratégica y el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes de nivel primario en Chubut, un abordaje clave frente a los desafíos institucionales de la pandemia y pospandemia. Con un enfoque mixto y un diseño explicativo secuencial, se abarcó el 100% de las 25 escuelas primarias públicas de la región en estudio. Los resultados demuestran una relación directa entre las variables. Si bien el total de directores y docentes coincide en que la gestión estratégica influye en la mejora de los aprendizajes, solo el 40% de los directivos prioriza la dimensión pedagógica en su labor diaria. En conclusión, la gestión educativa estratégica incide positivamente en el rendimiento académico. Por lo tanto, priorizar lo pedagógico se posiciona como un factor crítico y necesario para que los directivos logren mitigar las brechas de aprendizaje agudizadas por la crisis sanitaria y recuperar la calidad educativa.

The COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated psychological vulnerability in perinatal women. Emerging evidence suggests a link between systemic inflammation, lipid metabolism, and mental health. This study aims to evaluate whether first-trimester lipid profiles can predict postpartum depression (PPD) and anxiety in the post-pandemic context. A prospective cohort study of 266 pregnant women was conducted. Fasting lipids (Triglycerides, HDL, LDL) were measured at the 12th week of gestation. Mental health was assessed at 3 months postpartum using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI). 22.6% of women exhibited PPD symptoms (EPDS >12). High first-trimester triglycerides (TG) and an elevated TG/HDL ratio (≥1.9) were significantly associated with higher EPDS scores (p < 0.001). Multivariable regression confirmed the TG/HDL ratio as an independent predictor of PPD (Adjusted OR 1.65; 95% CI 1.22-2.10). Early pregnancy lipid profiles show significant prospective associations with postpartum psychological distress, suggesting their potential role as early screening candidates that require further validation.