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Mrs. Ivana Živojinović
University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU)

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0 Social Innovation
0 Forest policy
0 Forest governance
0 Innovation and entrepreneurship
0 Nature Based Solutions

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Project

Project Goal: ArcticHubs will develop sustainable solutions for reconciliation of competing livelihoods and land-use modes in key Arctic ‘hubs’—important socioeconomic nodes in a geographical network—and their surroundings, considering in particular the needs and cultures of local communities (incl. indigenous people).

Starting Date:01 August 2020

Current Stage: running

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Project

Project Goal: The EU-funded CLEARING HOUSE project, with partners from China and Europe, will investigate the role of urban forests as nature-based solutions (UF-NBS), which refers to all measures a city can take to address urban sustainable development challenges by planting and managing trees. It will provide evidence and tools to achieve the full potential of UF-NBS. Its aim is to assist city planners, business and civil society in implementing UF-NBS.

Starting Date:01 September 2019

Current Stage: running

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Project

Project Goal: SIMRA seeks to advance understanding of social innovation (SI) and innovative governance in agriculture, forestry and rural development (RD), and how to boost them, particularly in marginalised rural areas across Europe, with a focus on the Mediterranean region (including non-EU) where there is limited evidence of outcomes and supporting conditions.

Starting Date:01 April 2016

Current Stage: finished

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Project

Project Goal: The objectives of the proposed Action are: (1) To analyse attitudes and constraints of different forest owner types in Europe and the ongoing changes (outputs: literature survey, meta-analyses and maps). (2) To explore innovative management approaches for new forest owner types (outputs: case studies, critical assessment). (3) To study effective policy instruments with a comparative analysis approach (outputs: literature survey, case studies, policy analyses). (4) To draw conclusions and recommendations for forest-related policies, forest management practice, further education and future research.

Starting Date:01 January 2013

Current Stage: finished

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Project

Project Goal: The objective of the STAR TREE project is thus to provide better understanding, knowledge, guidance and tools to support stakeholders (e.g., forest owners, resource managers, enterprises, decision makers, other public and private entities) in optimising the management of multi-purpose trees and developing innovative approaches for increasing the marketability and profitability of NWFP for a more competitive rural economy.

Starting Date:01 November 2012

Current Stage: finished

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Journal article
Published: 17 August 2021 in Urban Forestry & Urban Greening
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The COVID-19 pandemic has strongly impacted our society, producing drastic changes in people’s routines and daily mobility, and putting public spaces under a new light. This paper starts with the premise that the use of urban forests and green spaces - where and for who they were available and accessible - increased, when social restrictions were most stringent. It takes an explorative approach to examine changes in attitude towards urban forests and urban green spaces in terms of attraction (i.e., as the actual use behaviour), intended use (i.e., intention of going to green spaces), and civic engagement in relation to green spaces. In particular, it analyses the responses to a survey of 1,987 respondents in Belgium and statistically examines the relationship between sociodemographic characteristics, urbanisation characteristics, actual and intended green space use, and changes in attitudes towards green spaces and civic engagement. The findings show that highly educated citizens experienced an increase in actual and intended use of green spaces during the pandemic, but that this increase differs among sociodemographic profiles such as impact of age or access to private green, and depends on their local built environment characteristics. In addition, the COVID-19 pandemic has strongly impacted citizens’ attitudes, as well as (intended) behaviour and civil engagement with respect to the green spaces in their area.

ACS Style

Nicola da Schio; Amy Phillips; Koos Fransen; Manuel Wolff; Dagmar Haase; Silvija Krajter Ostoić; Ivana Živojinović; Dijana Vuletić; Jakob Derks; Clive Davies; Raffaele Lafortezza; Dennis Roitsch; Georg Winkel; Rik De Vreese. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the use of and attitudes towards urban forests and green spaces: exploring the instigators of change in Belgium. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 2021, 127305 .

AMA Style

Nicola da Schio, Amy Phillips, Koos Fransen, Manuel Wolff, Dagmar Haase, Silvija Krajter Ostoić, Ivana Živojinović, Dijana Vuletić, Jakob Derks, Clive Davies, Raffaele Lafortezza, Dennis Roitsch, Georg Winkel, Rik De Vreese. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the use of and attitudes towards urban forests and green spaces: exploring the instigators of change in Belgium. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening. 2021; ():127305.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Nicola da Schio; Amy Phillips; Koos Fransen; Manuel Wolff; Dagmar Haase; Silvija Krajter Ostoić; Ivana Živojinović; Dijana Vuletić; Jakob Derks; Clive Davies; Raffaele Lafortezza; Dennis Roitsch; Georg Winkel; Rik De Vreese. 2021. "The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the use of and attitudes towards urban forests and green spaces: exploring the instigators of change in Belgium." Urban Forestry & Urban Greening , no. : 127305.

Journal article
Published: 25 January 2021 in Sustainability
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Social innovations can tackle various challenges related to gender equity in rural areas, especially when such innovations are initiated and developed by women themselves. We examine cases located in rural areas of Canada, Italy, Lebanon, Morocco, and Serbia, where women are marginalized by gender roles, patriarchal values, male dominated economy and policy, and lack of opportunities for education and employment. Our objective is to analyze five case studies on how women-led social innovation processes can tackle gender equity related challenges manifested at the levels of everyday practice, institutions, and cognitive frames. The analyses are based on interviews, workshops, literature screening, and are examined via the qualitative abductive method. Results summarize challenges that rural women are facing, explore social innovation initiatives as promising solutions, and analyze their implications on gender equity in the five case studies. Based on our results we propose a new concept: reconstructive social innovation cycle. It refers to is defined as cyclical innovation processes that engage women via civil society initiatives. These initiatives reconstruct the existing state of affairs, by questioning marginalizing and discriminative practices, institutions, and cognitive frames that are often perceived as normal. The new concept helps with to assessing the implications that women-led social innovations have for gender equity.

ACS Style

Simo Sarkki; Cristina Torre; Jasmiini Fransala; Ivana Živojinović; Alice Ludvig; Elena Górriz-Mifsud; Mariana Melnykovych; Patricia Sfeir; Labidi Arbia; Mohammed Bengoumi; Houda Chorti; Verena Gramm; Lucía López Marco; Elisa Ravazzoli; Maria Nijnik. Reconstructive Social Innovation Cycles in Women-Led Initiatives in Rural Areas. Sustainability 2021, 13, 1231 .

AMA Style

Simo Sarkki, Cristina Torre, Jasmiini Fransala, Ivana Živojinović, Alice Ludvig, Elena Górriz-Mifsud, Mariana Melnykovych, Patricia Sfeir, Labidi Arbia, Mohammed Bengoumi, Houda Chorti, Verena Gramm, Lucía López Marco, Elisa Ravazzoli, Maria Nijnik. Reconstructive Social Innovation Cycles in Women-Led Initiatives in Rural Areas. Sustainability. 2021; 13 (3):1231.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Simo Sarkki; Cristina Torre; Jasmiini Fransala; Ivana Živojinović; Alice Ludvig; Elena Górriz-Mifsud; Mariana Melnykovych; Patricia Sfeir; Labidi Arbia; Mohammed Bengoumi; Houda Chorti; Verena Gramm; Lucía López Marco; Elisa Ravazzoli; Maria Nijnik. 2021. "Reconstructive Social Innovation Cycles in Women-Led Initiatives in Rural Areas." Sustainability 13, no. 3: 1231.

Journal article
Published: 01 November 2020 in Forest Policy and Economics
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The forest sector in various ways fosters employment, community development and prevents depopulation in marginalized rural areas. Since the economic recession in Europe from 2009, there has been a notable change regarding the roles that public and private actors play in tackling current social and economic problems. The term Social Innovation (SI) came up to denote the overcoming of complex societal challenges with an increase of engagement of civil society (private actors). So far, collective values of ecosystem services, health and recreational benefits have been researched extensively. But the role of policies in socially innovative forest sector activities for the enhancement of collective action and collective benefits still leaves room for research. This article asks how relevant were policies as drivers of institutional change for forestry related examples of social innovation? The question is examined across different European countries with a focus on the policies identified as relevant for these innovations by a panel of experts and researchers. We used selected case studies in combination with literature as well as policy document analysis and complementary policy expert interviews. We focus on the policies that have affected these activities and investigate in detail on their relevance for the outcome (the SI). Our findings indicate that there is more than one direction of policies impacting upon the SI initiatives, because vice-versa, there is also SI impacting on the policies. Both directions lead to institutional change in the final outcomes, either in the policy design (bottom-up influence) or in the social innovation (ultimately changes in the actors-institutions relations and the creation of new institutions with the SI). Policies can be either drivers of SI or they can be outcome when new policies were created because of the transformative effects of SI. Furthermore, we detect policies that turn out “neutral” towards social innovation at the moment but with potential effects in future.

ACS Style

Alice Ludvig; Simo Sarkki; Gerhard Weiss; Ivana Živojinović. Policy impacts on social innovation in forestry and back: Institutional change as a driver and outcome. Forest Policy and Economics 2020, 122, 102335 .

AMA Style

Alice Ludvig, Simo Sarkki, Gerhard Weiss, Ivana Živojinović. Policy impacts on social innovation in forestry and back: Institutional change as a driver and outcome. Forest Policy and Economics. 2020; 122 ():102335.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alice Ludvig; Simo Sarkki; Gerhard Weiss; Ivana Živojinović. 2020. "Policy impacts on social innovation in forestry and back: Institutional change as a driver and outcome." Forest Policy and Economics 122, no. : 102335.

Journal article
Published: 09 September 2020 in Sustainability
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Political frameworks and policies have a strong influence on the institutional ecosystem and on governance patterns, which in turn shape the operational space of civil society initiatives. This article aims to explore the social and institutional conditions and policy initiatives that foster or hinder social innovation and the pathways leading from social innovation to institutional change through to actual impacts on policies and political frameworks, in order to understand how policymakers can encourage and enable social innovation. The article builds on an extensive empirical background to develop a heuristic model to facilitate decision making for a policy environment propitious for the emergence of social innovation. The resulting model sets up a triadic configuration of (i) a committed core of key actors, (ii) the benevolent shadow of hierarchy represented by public actors, and (iii) multifunctional and malleable intermediary support structures for a successful development of social innovation initiatives. The model is discussed and validated by reference to three in-depth case studies from differing institutional settings. We conclude that policy should recognize that social innovation will achieve most when the triadic relationships between the state, intermediary organizations, and local actors are working together synergistically.

ACS Style

Robert Lukesch; Alice Ludvig; Bill Slee; Gerhard Weiss; Ivana Živojinović. Social Innovation, Societal Change, and the Role of Policies. Sustainability 2020, 12, 7407 .

AMA Style

Robert Lukesch, Alice Ludvig, Bill Slee, Gerhard Weiss, Ivana Živojinović. Social Innovation, Societal Change, and the Role of Policies. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (18):7407.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Robert Lukesch; Alice Ludvig; Bill Slee; Gerhard Weiss; Ivana Živojinović. 2020. "Social Innovation, Societal Change, and the Role of Policies." Sustainability 12, no. 18: 7407.

Review article
Published: 28 August 2020 in Forest Policy and Economics
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This article conducts a systematic literature review of journal articles on innovation in forestry and forest-based industries. We include international, English language, peer-reviewed research articles included in the scientific databases Scopus and Web of Science since the 1980s. Our search for articles that specifically mention “innovation/innovativeness” and “forest/wood/timber” from a social science perspective resulted in 230 studies. Our analysis provides a quantitative overview of institutional contexts, science fields, methods, and topical orientations. On the basis of qualitative content analyses, we also describe the historical development of the research field, summarize the main insights for the central research themes on firm and system levels, and illustrate the state-of-knowledge for selected innovation fields. We conclude with research trends and gaps with regard to the applied research approaches and methods. Overall, the established concepts and approaches from innovation research are well received in forest sector innovation studies, although newer trends could be taken up more progressively. The analysed articles apply various quantitative and qualitative methods and are dominated by country and (sub-)sectoral case studies. A greater variety of methods could enrich the knowledge base and a stronger application of comparative analyses across countries and sectors could substantiate previous findings.

ACS Style

Gerhard Weiss; Alice Ludvig; Ivana Živojinović. Four decades of innovation research in forestry and the forest-based industries – A systematic literature review. Forest Policy and Economics 2020, 120, 102288 .

AMA Style

Gerhard Weiss, Alice Ludvig, Ivana Živojinović. Four decades of innovation research in forestry and the forest-based industries – A systematic literature review. Forest Policy and Economics. 2020; 120 ():102288.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gerhard Weiss; Alice Ludvig; Ivana Živojinović. 2020. "Four decades of innovation research in forestry and the forest-based industries – A systematic literature review." Forest Policy and Economics 120, no. : 102288.

Journal article
Published: 15 August 2020 in Forest Policy and Economics
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In this paper, we start with the assumption that employee innovativeness cannot be observed without the influence of an intrapreneurial climate. We test this relationship and its effects in public forest enterprises (PFEs). The theoretical framework is based on the intrapreneurship concept. A model for testing the influence of an intrapreneurial climate on employee innovativeness was designed. The model consists of two constructs: the intrapreneurial climate and employee innovativeness. The first construct consists of the following 8 dimensions: work autonomy, professional training, business environment, managerial support, entrepreneurial attitudes and motives, reward system, working time availability and flow of information. Employee innovativeness was defined as the willingness and propensity of employees to recognize innovative ideas for products and services or processes or a new organizational method in the business practices of an enterprise. The instrument for measuring the intrapreneurial climate and employee innovativeness is called the Forestry Intrapreneurship Innovativeness Instrument (FIII). Data were collected through a survey questionnaire with 137 employees of 4 PFEs in Serbia. The FIII was tested for reliability, and good overall reliability was determined (α = 0.88). Correlation and multiple regression analyses were employed. Employee innovativeness is positively influenced by entrepreneurial attitudes and motives and the business environment, among all of the other intrapreneurial climate dimensions. The intrapreneurial climate is characterized by a positive correlation among managerial support, the reward system and the work autonomy of employees. Managers in PFEs could use this finding to create and foster an organizational climate that is able to stimulate the transition of an idea into goods or services.

ACS Style

Zoran Poduška; Jelena Nedeljković; Dragan Nonić; Tatjana Ratknić; Mihailo Ratknić; Ivana Živojinović. Intrapreneurial climate as momentum for fostering employee innovativeness in public forest enterprises. Forest Policy and Economics 2020, 119, 102281 .

AMA Style

Zoran Poduška, Jelena Nedeljković, Dragan Nonić, Tatjana Ratknić, Mihailo Ratknić, Ivana Živojinović. Intrapreneurial climate as momentum for fostering employee innovativeness in public forest enterprises. Forest Policy and Economics. 2020; 119 ():102281.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zoran Poduška; Jelena Nedeljković; Dragan Nonić; Tatjana Ratknić; Mihailo Ratknić; Ivana Živojinović. 2020. "Intrapreneurial climate as momentum for fostering employee innovativeness in public forest enterprises." Forest Policy and Economics 119, no. : 102281.

Correction
Published: 17 July 2020 in Sustainability
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Replacing the email of the fifth author Wilding Maria

ACS Style

Alice Ludvig; Todora Rogelja; Marelli Asamer-Handler; Gerhard Weiss; Maria Wilding; Ivana Zivojinovic. Correction: Ludvig, A., et al. Governance of Social Innovation in Forestry. Sustainability, 2020, 12, 1065. Sustainability 2020, 12, 5767 .

AMA Style

Alice Ludvig, Todora Rogelja, Marelli Asamer-Handler, Gerhard Weiss, Maria Wilding, Ivana Zivojinovic. Correction: Ludvig, A., et al. Governance of Social Innovation in Forestry. Sustainability, 2020, 12, 1065. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (14):5767.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alice Ludvig; Todora Rogelja; Marelli Asamer-Handler; Gerhard Weiss; Maria Wilding; Ivana Zivojinovic. 2020. "Correction: Ludvig, A., et al. Governance of Social Innovation in Forestry. Sustainability, 2020, 12, 1065." Sustainability 12, no. 14: 5767.

Journal article
Published: 01 June 2020 in Forest Policy and Economics
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ACS Style

Liviu Nichiforel; Philippe Deuffic; Bo Jellesmark Thorsen; Gerhard Weiss; Teppo Hujala; Kevin Keary; Anna Lawrence; Mersudin Avdibegović; Zuzana Dobšinská; Diana Feliciano; Elena Górriz-Mifsud; Marjanke Hoogstra-Klein; Michal Hrib; Vilém Jarský; Krzysztof Jodłowski; Diana Lukmine; Špela Pezdevšek Malovrh; Jelena Nedeljković; Dragan Nonić; Silvija Krajter Ostoić; Klaus Pukall; Jacques Rondeux; Theano Samara; Zuzana Sarvašová; Ramona Elena Scriban; Rita Šilingienė; Milan Sinko; Makedonka Stojanovska; Vladimir Stojanovski; Todor Stoyanov; Meelis Teder; Birger Vennesland; Erik Wilhelmsson; Jerylee Wilkes-Allemann; Ivana Živojinović; Laura Bouriaud. Two decades of forest-related legislation changes in European countries analysed from a property rights perspective. Forest Policy and Economics 2020, 115, 1 .

AMA Style

Liviu Nichiforel, Philippe Deuffic, Bo Jellesmark Thorsen, Gerhard Weiss, Teppo Hujala, Kevin Keary, Anna Lawrence, Mersudin Avdibegović, Zuzana Dobšinská, Diana Feliciano, Elena Górriz-Mifsud, Marjanke Hoogstra-Klein, Michal Hrib, Vilém Jarský, Krzysztof Jodłowski, Diana Lukmine, Špela Pezdevšek Malovrh, Jelena Nedeljković, Dragan Nonić, Silvija Krajter Ostoić, Klaus Pukall, Jacques Rondeux, Theano Samara, Zuzana Sarvašová, Ramona Elena Scriban, Rita Šilingienė, Milan Sinko, Makedonka Stojanovska, Vladimir Stojanovski, Todor Stoyanov, Meelis Teder, Birger Vennesland, Erik Wilhelmsson, Jerylee Wilkes-Allemann, Ivana Živojinović, Laura Bouriaud. Two decades of forest-related legislation changes in European countries analysed from a property rights perspective. Forest Policy and Economics. 2020; 115 ():1.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Liviu Nichiforel; Philippe Deuffic; Bo Jellesmark Thorsen; Gerhard Weiss; Teppo Hujala; Kevin Keary; Anna Lawrence; Mersudin Avdibegović; Zuzana Dobšinská; Diana Feliciano; Elena Górriz-Mifsud; Marjanke Hoogstra-Klein; Michal Hrib; Vilém Jarský; Krzysztof Jodłowski; Diana Lukmine; Špela Pezdevšek Malovrh; Jelena Nedeljković; Dragan Nonić; Silvija Krajter Ostoić; Klaus Pukall; Jacques Rondeux; Theano Samara; Zuzana Sarvašová; Ramona Elena Scriban; Rita Šilingienė; Milan Sinko; Makedonka Stojanovska; Vladimir Stojanovski; Todor Stoyanov; Meelis Teder; Birger Vennesland; Erik Wilhelmsson; Jerylee Wilkes-Allemann; Ivana Živojinović; Laura Bouriaud. 2020. "Two decades of forest-related legislation changes in European countries analysed from a property rights perspective." Forest Policy and Economics 115, no. : 1.

Journal article
Published: 17 May 2020 in Urban Forestry & Urban Greening
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There is a renewed interest in urban gardening in the past decade stimulated by the increased awareness of benefits that it brings to the city, local communities, and individuals. Previous studies have shown different perspectives on urban food growing in the context of developed and developing countries, but less is known about the countries in transition in Southeast Europe. Specifically, no published research has coped with the perspectives of the possible future users of allotment and community gardens. This paper fills the gap to a certain extent by providing first insights into the demand for collective urban gardens in the city of Belgrade. There are no institutional tools at present to support the development of such gardens, although there has been an almost century-long process of advocating collective urban gardening among the experts in city planning. By looking into the possible future needs and motivations of the potential gardeners, specifically, those who are not involved in allotment or community gardening, this study also aims to contribute to the efforts made in the past. The survey was conducted among 300 randomly selected respondents in three municipalities in Belgrade. Data were analysed using factor analytic—multiple regression approach to establish correlations between personal characteristics of potential gardeners and their motivations for gardening. Results indicated a potentially high demand for collective urban gardens, with individual plots slightly preferred to shared gardens. Commonly mentioned motivations are access to healthy and fresh food followed by recreation and light physical activity. People with previous experience in agriculture or gardening are more willing to get involved. Older respondents seem to be more motivated by „subjective well-being“, specifically in terms of relaxation and pleasure from gardening. The results of the study could serve as an input for the regulation and planning of collective urban gardens, specifically considering the needs and motivations of the senior population in cities.

ACS Style

Slavica Čepić; Jelena Tomicevic-Dubljevic; Ivana Zivojinovic. Is there a demand for collective urban gardens? Needs and motivations of potential gardeners in Belgrade. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 2020, 53, 126716 .

AMA Style

Slavica Čepić, Jelena Tomicevic-Dubljevic, Ivana Zivojinovic. Is there a demand for collective urban gardens? Needs and motivations of potential gardeners in Belgrade. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening. 2020; 53 ():126716.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Slavica Čepić; Jelena Tomicevic-Dubljevic; Ivana Zivojinovic. 2020. "Is there a demand for collective urban gardens? Needs and motivations of potential gardeners in Belgrade." Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 53, no. : 126716.

Journal article
Published: 07 February 2020 in Land Use Policy
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There is increasing emphasis on innovation as a driver of continued prosperity in the rural economy. Globalisation poses challenges to rural areas given technological advances and intensified competition in agricultural markets, ageing rural populations and expansion of urban areas. However, in recent years, the conception of rural areas has shifted from places of production to places of consumption. In line with an increasing urban demand for consumption of products and services close to nature within the rural landscape, we observe the emergence of experiential offers based around non-wood forest products (NWFP) where the consumer is closely connected to the harvesting and use of the products. In this paper, we examine how such intersecting demands have created new forms of market for NWFP, by analysing in-depth four innovative examples in Austria and the United Kingdom. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with the managers of these businesses, and cases were analysed through application of both the experience economy and the innovation systems approach. We found that all four businesses were on the one hand derived from traditional, regional cultural skills and values and, on the other hand, directly connected to new consumers’ demands. The apparent success of these emerging business models lies in the accretion of new social values onto traditional products. Thus creative approaches blending offers designed to enhance cosumers’ experiences into traditional sectors, such as forestry, would have potential in the future. However, our results indicate that there is a lack of institutional support for the development of such businesses in both countries. Better suited innovation policies and support structures would be important for mainstreaming or encouraging the development of similar businesses, innovations and knowledge.

ACS Style

I. Živojinović; G. Weiss; M. Wilding; J.L.G. Wong; A. Ludvig. Experiencing forest products – An innovation trend by rural entrepreneurs. Land Use Policy 2020, 94, 104506 .

AMA Style

I. Živojinović, G. Weiss, M. Wilding, J.L.G. Wong, A. Ludvig. Experiencing forest products – An innovation trend by rural entrepreneurs. Land Use Policy. 2020; 94 ():104506.

Chicago/Turabian Style

I. Živojinović; G. Weiss; M. Wilding; J.L.G. Wong; A. Ludvig. 2020. "Experiencing forest products – An innovation trend by rural entrepreneurs." Land Use Policy 94, no. : 104506.

Journal article
Published: 03 February 2020 in Sustainability
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Over the last decade, the term social innovation has received increased attention as a potential solution to address complex global social problems and to add collective values to society. The forest sector has great potential for fostering employment, community development and reducing increased emigration from rural to urban areas. This potential is not always realised, especially in economically weak and remote rural areas. Hence, this paper tackles the question of how social innovations in forestry are able to succeed under adverse circumstances and contribute to respond to some of the before mentioned challenges? To answer this question, we first identified four very different cases across Europe that are compatible with the criteria of social innovation. Proceeding from this starting point, comparative research was undertaken with the aim to identify the cases´ specific features and key criteria for success. In the cases considered, it is evident that the sheer determination and voluntary investment of time and effort by key individuals, who were convinced of the value of the idea for the community, provided indispensable impetus to all four social innovations. In drawing its conclusions, this paper highlights the principal areas that need consideration and that hence have implications when developing supportive policies. Furthermore, we provide some insight into future research topics that would allow us to better understand the positive impacts of social innovation in the forest-based sector.

ACS Style

Alice Ludvig; Todora Rogelja; Marelli Asamer-Handler; Gerhard Weiss; Maria Wilding; Ivana Zivojinovic. Governance of Social Innovation in Forestry. Sustainability 2020, 12, 1065 .

AMA Style

Alice Ludvig, Todora Rogelja, Marelli Asamer-Handler, Gerhard Weiss, Maria Wilding, Ivana Zivojinovic. Governance of Social Innovation in Forestry. Sustainability. 2020; 12 (3):1065.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Alice Ludvig; Todora Rogelja; Marelli Asamer-Handler; Gerhard Weiss; Maria Wilding; Ivana Zivojinovic. 2020. "Governance of Social Innovation in Forestry." Sustainability 12, no. 3: 1065.

Journal article
Published: 01 February 2020 in Urban Forestry & Urban Greening
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Urban Green Infrastructure (UGI) serves both inhabitants’ and visitors’ numerous and various needs. This research aimed to enhance knowledge regarding the role of UGI in urban tourism. The research questions addressed tourists’ perceptions of UGI, their understanding and uses of UGI, and the ways that this understanding influenced their travel choice to specific urban destinations. A cross-cultural comparative study among urban tourists was carried out in eight European countries. The selection of case studies followed a roughly comparative logic, employing the same on-site questionnaire survey administered in a sample of large and medium size cities in Southern European, Central European and Northern European countries. Looking from the perspective of the tourists’ countries of origin, our findings validate a well-established trend in international tourism, namely the fact that neighbouring countries tend to be the most significant tourist markets of an urban destination. The other major finding confirmed the most well-known tourist movement patterns of Northern and Central Europeans travelling to the Mediterranean for tourism purposes. While the study revealed that the majority of the tourists interviewed were not very familiar with the term ‘Green Infrastructure’, nor with specific UGI features offered in the visited cities, the importance of UGI was acknowledged and viewed in a mostly very positive light. The majority of respondents enjoyed visiting UGI and used it for some light physical activity or for purposes of relaxation, socialization, and in order to explore the culture and society of the destination city. The fact that most UGI in the case study cities is located around or within a short distance from important heritage sites provided UGI with an indirect possibility of being included in the tourists’ visiting plans. In conclusion, the results of this study may prove to be very helpful to local and regional authorities in considering how to plan, manage and promote an urban tourism destination’s green infrastructure as part of the tourism offer.

ACS Style

T.S. Terkenli; S. Bell; O. Tošković; J. Dubljević-Tomićević; Thomas Panagopoulos; I. Straupe; K. Kristianova; L. Straigyte; Liz O'Brien; I. Živojinović. Tourist perceptions and uses of urban green infrastructure: An exploratory cross-cultural investigation. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 2020, 49, 126624 .

AMA Style

T.S. Terkenli, S. Bell, O. Tošković, J. Dubljević-Tomićević, Thomas Panagopoulos, I. Straupe, K. Kristianova, L. Straigyte, Liz O'Brien, I. Živojinović. Tourist perceptions and uses of urban green infrastructure: An exploratory cross-cultural investigation. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening. 2020; 49 ():126624.

Chicago/Turabian Style

T.S. Terkenli; S. Bell; O. Tošković; J. Dubljević-Tomićević; Thomas Panagopoulos; I. Straupe; K. Kristianova; L. Straigyte; Liz O'Brien; I. Živojinović. 2020. "Tourist perceptions and uses of urban green infrastructure: An exploratory cross-cultural investigation." Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 49, no. : 126624.

Journal article
Published: 31 January 2020 in Forests
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The role of non-wood forest products (NWFPs) in industrialised country economies has declined in the past, but they are generating renewed interest as business opportunities. In a forest-based bio-economy frame, NWFPs can contribute to human nutrition, renewable materials, and cultural and experiential services, as well as create job and income opportunities in rural areas. Applying a service-dominant logic (SDL) approach to analysis of NWFPs, this article aimed to understand how new goods and services are co-created through networks of public and private actors in specific institutional, social, and cultural contexts. This focus sheds light on the experiences associated with NWFP harvest and use, revealing a fulsome suite of values and economic opportunities that include but are greater than the physical goods themselves. Turning the SDL lens on in-depth case studies from Europe and North America, we show dimensions of forest products that go beyond commercial values but are, at the same time, constituent of commercial activities. SDL provides a new view on customer relations, service provision to businesses, and policy measures for innovation support for non-wood forest products.

ACS Style

Gerhard Weiss; Marla R. Emery; Giulia Corradini; Ivana Živojinović. New Values of Non-Wood Forest Products. Forests 2020, 11, 165 .

AMA Style

Gerhard Weiss, Marla R. Emery, Giulia Corradini, Ivana Živojinović. New Values of Non-Wood Forest Products. Forests. 2020; 11 (2):165.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gerhard Weiss; Marla R. Emery; Giulia Corradini; Ivana Živojinović. 2020. "New Values of Non-Wood Forest Products." Forests 11, no. 2: 165.

Journal article
Published: 15 January 2020 in Forest Policy and Economics
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The political and economic transformations that have taken place since the early nineties in the former socialist countries in Europe have significantly influenced reforms of their forestry institutions. As part of these reforms, restitution processes were initiated with the aim of recognising private ownership of forests and returning forests to their former owners or heirs. Using institutional and actor perspectives, this paper analyses the power relations of the key actors in the restitution processes in three European countries: the Czech Republic, Slovakia and Serbia. The methodological approach combines multiple research methods: document analysis and a literature review to explain the restitution processes, and semi-structured in-depth interviews for analysing the actors' power in this process. The results show that actors' power in the analysed restitution processes varied greatly between actor types and in different phases in the processes. In the initial phase, considerable power was wielded by the public, which demanded change, and by the policy makers, who enabled the necessary legislative changes. As the processes advanced, the power shifted to liable entities who administered the restitution processes. The analysed countries followed different pathways and had varying dynamics throughout their restitution processes due to their diverse historical and political legacies but the power of the respective types of responsible actors did not vary much between analysed countries. While the cases of the Czech Republic and Slovakia are relatively similar, Serbia proves to be different in terms of initial drivers as well as the phases and speed of the process. In the Czech Republic and Slovakia, the result of restitution has been the creation of a large number of small-scale private forest owners, while in Serbia property was given back principally to the church, a large-scale forest owner. These owner categories (small-scale private forest owners and church) were formally recognised as new in all three countries but their specific interests were not adequately translated to existing policy and management documents. The state forestry administration in each country has retained power in the field by continuing its supervisory and regulatory role in forest management. Even though the restitution processes are coming to an end in all analysed post-socialist countries, it can be noted that private forest owners are still under strong state supervision when it comes to forest management rights.

ACS Style

Zuzana Dobšinská; Ivana Živojinović; Jelena Nedeljković; Nenad Petrović; Vilém Jarský; Jiří Oliva; Jaroslav Šálka; Zuzana Sarvašová; Gerhard Weiss. Actor power in the restitution processes of forests in three European countries in transition. Forest Policy and Economics 2020, 113, 102090 .

AMA Style

Zuzana Dobšinská, Ivana Živojinović, Jelena Nedeljković, Nenad Petrović, Vilém Jarský, Jiří Oliva, Jaroslav Šálka, Zuzana Sarvašová, Gerhard Weiss. Actor power in the restitution processes of forests in three European countries in transition. Forest Policy and Economics. 2020; 113 ():102090.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Zuzana Dobšinská; Ivana Živojinović; Jelena Nedeljković; Nenad Petrović; Vilém Jarský; Jiří Oliva; Jaroslav Šálka; Zuzana Sarvašová; Gerhard Weiss. 2020. "Actor power in the restitution processes of forests in three European countries in transition." Forest Policy and Economics 113, no. : 102090.

Journal article
Published: 17 December 2019 in Sustainability
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Responding to a number of longstanding challenges such as poverty, wide-ranging inequalities, environmental problems, and migration, requires new and creative responses that are often not provided by traditional governments. Social innovations can offer socio-ecological and economic solutions by introducing new practices that reduce social inequalities, disproportionate resource use and foster sustainable development. Understanding the role of social innovations is especially complicated in unstable institutional environments, e.g. in developing countries and countries in transition. This paper analyses nine social innovations in rural areas in Serbia, based on in-depth interviews and document analysis. This analysis reveals factors that facilitate or constrain social innovations whilst simultaneously identifying related formal and informal institutional voids, for example, poor law enforcement, a lack of adequate infrastructure, lack of trust, as well as norms and values that bolster patriarchal systems. The results that emerged from this research show that social innovations are operating in spite of these challenges and are facilitating improvements in a number of the aforementioned challenging areas. Some innovators engage in social entrepreneurship activities because of subsistence-oriented goals, while others follow idealistic or life-style oriented goals, thus creating new social values. Moving beyond these observations, this paper also identifies means to overcome institutional voids, such as creation of context-specific organisational structures, improved legal frameworks, and innovative financial mechanisms.

ACS Style

Ivana Živojinović; Alice Ludvig; Karl Hogl. Social Innovation to Sustain Rural Communities: Overcoming Institutional Challenges in Serbia. Sustainability 2019, 11, 7248 .

AMA Style

Ivana Živojinović, Alice Ludvig, Karl Hogl. Social Innovation to Sustain Rural Communities: Overcoming Institutional Challenges in Serbia. Sustainability. 2019; 11 (24):7248.

Chicago/Turabian Style

Ivana Živojinović; Alice Ludvig; Karl Hogl. 2019. "Social Innovation to Sustain Rural Communities: Overcoming Institutional Challenges in Serbia." Sustainability 11, no. 24: 7248.