This study analyzed the student dropout rate at the Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering (FECE) of the University of Pristina, Kosovo, from 2001 to 2015. This phenomenon is a concern for many countries, not only for students due to its emotional effects and further consequences for their university careers but also for institutions and society in general due to its broader negative impact on their authority. Over the past two decades, a significant number of students have been enrolled in these programs. However, we identified several factors that influenced young people to abandon their studies. The high dropout rate associated with FECE programs results in a lack of professionals in these areas and negatively affects the country’s economy. The main reasons given by students for such dropout were unrelated to whether students were from urban or rural areas or economic factors but were strongly related to high school programs and, to a somewhat lesser degree, to poor academic performance in certain courses. This research suggests opportunities for reducing dropout rates, as improvement in this context can be achieved by updating curricula, employing contemporary literature, applying modern teaching methodologies, improving laboratories, and reforming the behavior of certain professors. The main purpose of this study is to find a compromise between the large number of students enrolled in FECE and dropout rates; however, the findings highlight a phenomenon that is very complex and multidimensional, especially when dropout occurs after the first year of study.

The Variable Frequency Drives (VFD) are a common type of controlling the speed of 3-phase induction motors which are based on two control modulation techniques of Voltage Source Inverter: Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation (SPWM) and Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SV-PWM). The SPWM control technique is known as an easier implementation, but the SV-PWM control technique can be distinguished by an easier digital realization and a better utilization of DC bus. All 3-phase PWM inverters produce a total harmonic distortion (THD) on its output, which causes electromechanical and thermal stresses. The aim of this paper is comparing the low order current harmonics while driving an unbalanced 3-phase induction motor (the case of deterioration of the insulation as a result of inter-turn short circuits between few turns of the same phase) using SPWM and SV-PWM two-level 3-phase Voltage Source Inverters (VSI). For this type of unbalanced 3-phase induction motor, the SVPWM and SV-PWM schemes are modeled and simulated using Matlab/Simulink software. A detailed comparative analysis of THD-phase currents is made for both modulation strategies at different switching frequencies while keeping the constant amplitude modulation index. Copyright © 2018 Praise Worthy Prize - All rights reserved.

The growing demand for energy, driven by rapid economic development, necessitates higher electricity consumption. However, conventional energy systems relying on fossil fuels present environmental challenges, prompting a shift towards renewable energy sources. In Kosovo, coal-fired power plants dominate electricity production, highlighting the need for cleaner alternatives. Worldwide efforts are underway to increase the efficiency of photovoltaic systems using sustainable materials, essential for ecological and human health. Solar and wind energy are emerging as sustainable alternatives to traditional fossil fuels. However, global concerns about energy security and environmental sustainability are driving countries to prioritize renewable energy development. In Kosovo, the integration of renewable energy sources, such as wind and solar energy, is progressing rapidly. However, challenges such as voltage stability and power losses need to be addressed. Distributed generation offers a solution by increasing energy reliability and reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Further research is needed to assess the technical, economic, and environmental implications of integrating renewable resources into Kosovo's energy system, focusing on power quality, system reliability, and voltage stability. The research focused on the eastern region of the country, operating at the 110 kV substation level. Challenges in energy quality arise due to the lack of 400 kV supply and the continuous increase in energy consumption, especially in the Gjilan area. This paper investigated integrating renewable energy, especially wind and solar sources, into the medium- and long-term plans at the Gjilan 5 substation to enhance energy quality in the area. Successful integration requires detailed analysis of energy flows, considering the impact of photovoltaics (PVs) on distribution system operation and stability. To simulate and analyze the effects of renewables on the transmission system, voltage profile, and power losses, a case study was conducted using ETAP software. The simulation results present a comparison between scenarios before and after integrating renewable systems to improve energy quality in the identified area.

This paper focuses on the multifaceted exploration of energy transition strategies in Kosovo, with a particular emphasis on the potential for repurposing degraded lands for renewable energy generation. As a developing nation grappling with increasing electricity demand and environmental concerns,...

Induction motors remain the workhorse of modern industry thanks to their robustness, cost effectiveness and high efficiency, but the growing demands of electrified transport, high-performance automation and Industry 4.0 impose increasingly stringent control requirements. This paper presents an integrated, application-oriented survey of control strategies for high-performance induction motor drives, covering classic scalar V/f control as a baseline and advanced field-oriented control (FOC), direct torque control (DTC), model predictive control (MPC), nonlinear/robust schemes and intelligent/data-driven and digital twin-assisted solutions. The methods are analyzed within a unified framework in terms of dynamic response, torque and flux ripple, current harmonic distortion, efficiency, robustness, implementation complexity and suitability for sensorless and fault-tolerant operation. Emphasis is placed on hybrid strategies that combine classical vector or DTC structures with MPC, fuzzy and neuro-fuzzy logic, neural network-based observers, reinforcement learning and digital twin-enabled monitoring to reconcile fast dynamics with high efficiency, low ripple and lifecycle reliability. Consolidated comparison tables and a hybrid control map highlight typical performance trends, trade-offs between simplicity and performance, and the complementary roles of AI and digital twins as system-level enablers. The survey also outlines promising research directions toward systematically designed hybrid controllers, lightweight digital twins for embedded platforms and experimentally validated benchmarks that can accelerate the industrial uptake of next-generation induction motor drives.