In the present article, we investigate the free convective flow of a ternary hybrid nanofluid in a two-phase inclined channel saturated with a porous medium. The flow has been propelled using the pressure gradient, thermal radiation, and buoyancy force. The flow model’s governing equations are resolved using the regular perturbation approach. The governing equations are solved with the help of the regular perturbation method. Polyethylene glycol and water (at a ratio of 50%:50%) fill up Region I, while a ternary hybrid nanofluid based on zirconium dioxide, magnesium oxide, and carbon nanotubes occupies Region II. The ternary hybrid nanofluids are defined with a mixture model in which three different shapes of nanoparticles, namely spherical, platelet, and cylindrical, are incorporated. The consequences of the most significant variables have been examined using both visual and tabular data. The main finding of this work is that utilising a ternary hybrid nanofluid at the plate y = 1 increases the rate of heat transfers by 753%, demonstrating the potential thermal efficiency. The overall heat and volume flow rates are amplified by buoyant forces and viscous dissipations and dampened by the thermal radiation parameter. The optimum enhancement of temperature is achieved by the influence of buoyancy forces. A ternary nanofluid region experiences the maximum temperature increase compared to a clear fluid region. To ensure the study’s efficiency, we validated it with prior studies.

Regulating the thermal conductivity of the fluid in various heat exchange systems plays an important role. In this regard, the carbon nanotubes (CNTs), with their higher thermal conductivity, can enhance the heat transfer potential. The main objective of the present study is to explore the impact of suction and injection on the oscillatory flow of CNT‐based hybrid nanofluid through a channel under the influence of the magnetic field for analysing heat transfer perspectives. While developing a mathematical model of the problem, we also considered other relevant elements, such as thermal radiation for optically thin fluids and porous mediums. The behaviour of a water‐SWCNT + MWCNT hybrid nanofluid is studied concerning the volume fraction of CNTs. The governing flow equations have been solved to obtain the correct solutions for the distribution of velocities and temperatures. Graphs and tables are used to assess the impact of relevant parameters on the flow and derived quantities. Adding CNTs to a fluid reduces its temperature and velocity, making it ideal for cooling systems. However, plates exhibit a maximum heat transfer of 35.35% and 25.35%, respectively, for and . The magnetic and constant pressure parameters greatly diminish the fluid's velocity, while the thermal buoyancy forces strengthen the flow. The effectiveness of the current study is confirmed by comparing its results to those from previous investigations.

Nanofluid flow has acquired various interesting dimensions with the advent of several novel approaches to studying thermophysical properties. The present work focuses on a comparative study of clear viscous and nanofluid ($EG-A{l}_2{O}_3$, $EG-Zr$, $H_{2}O-A{l}_2{O}_3$, $H_{2}O-Zr$) flow in a two-phase inclined channel saturated with a porous medium in the presence of thermal radiation, species diffusion, and viscous and Darcy dissipation effects. The controlling equations of the flow model were solved analytically using the regular perturbation technique. The graphical solutions are used to examine the impacts of physical parameters on the most significant flow features. Surface graphs with distinct entrenched parameters represent heat transfer rates and shear stresses on plates. The resulting heat transfer was enhanced by raising the thermal and solute buoyancy strengths, while thermal radiation had the opposite outcome. This enhancement of temperature was maximum for water–zirconium and minimum for ethylene glycol–aluminum oxide nanofluid. The concentration of the entire fluid medium is reduced by decreased mass diffusivity. The enhancement of temperature and velocity is found to be maximum in the nanofluid region and clear fluid region, respectively. This study is validated with previously published works to demonstrate its effectiveness.