As the global economic landscape rapidly advances and people's quality of life continues to improve, there is a noticeable increase in the demand for various sports, including basketball. Athletes of diverse skill levels find physical, social, and emotional satisfaction in engaging in basketball activities. In contemporary times, the requisites for success in basketball, such as height, speed, accuracy, distance, and strength, are escalating. The frequency of body contact has also intensified, leading to heightened intensity in ball shooting among players and an inevitability of fouls in offensive and defensive interactions. This dynamic poses challenges to the seamless progression of the sport, and the existence of various foul rules adds an element of unpredictability and uncontrollability to the game of basketball. The data reveals interesting insights. In terms of dribble defense, the Chinese team committed 16 fouls, whereas their opponents committed 33 fouls. However, in the context of shooting defense, the Chinese team had a higher foul count compared to their opponents. Conversely, when it came to defending the ball, the Chinese team committed fewer fouls than their opponents. In the category of preventing the ball, the Chinese team had 16 fouls compared to the opponent team's 12 fouls. Overall, the Chinese team demonstrated fewer fouls than their opponents in the realm of defense. The data underscores a potential highlight the specific factors influencing foul occurrences in different defensive scenarios. The study introduces a machine vision approach, which outperformed existing methods in classifying actions as fouls or not. This innovative application showcases the effectiveness of advanced technology in addressing the challenges associated with fouls in basketball, offering a promising avenue for further research and practical implementation. The comprehensive experimental results suggest that the machine vision approach outperformed existing methods in classifying actions as fouls or not, showcasing its effectiveness in addressing the challenge of fouls in basketball.

The South China Sea has been regarded as their ancestor’s waters by the Tanmen fishermen. Hainanese fishermen have been the only group of people in the history who have continuously been exploring the South China Sea. They played an irreplaceable role in the process of exploration and protection of the South China Sea, which has formed unique marine cultures with tropical regional characteristics. In the new context of urbanization in Tanmen, it is of great significance to strengthen the marine ecological environmental protection, study the successful experiences from other countries or regions to establish the mechanism of leadership, coordination, protection and utilization, and actively attract social fund and the folk wisdom, and systematically compile fishing village nostalgic cultures, which will help to provoke strong surges of nostalgia for the new and elder fisherman alike, boost the sustainable development of Tanmen town in the in-situ urbanization, promote Tanmen’s marine cultural power, and enhance the national cultural identity.

Bestowed with unique geological location, Taiwan province has typical oceanic resources with regional characteristics. Since the per-historic times, Taiwan people's life was closely related to sea and oceans with their own features. From the ancient times, the Stone Age to the Han Dynasty, the land culture and marine culture in Taiwan came into being almost concomitantly. From the Three Kingdoms to the Sui Dynasty, the Han culture gradually spread to the southern part of China. From the Tang Dynasty to the Song and Yuan Dynasties, people on both sides of the Taiwan Straits communicated more frequently. From the Ming and Qing Dynasties to the period of Japanese Occupation, a large number of immigrants poured into Taiwan with their cultures and customs, and regional marine cultures in Fujian and Taiwan initially formed. Since the end of the War of Liberation till the present, the research on regional marine cultures and customs in Taiwan have been continuously furthered to preserve and inherit the local cultures and folk customs. It is of significance to explore the marine culture of Taiwan to enhance the soft cultural power and enhance national identity and cultural self-confidence.