Neurogenic inflammation plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of migraines. This study aimed to investigate the serum levels of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), lipoxin A4 (LXA4), and other inflammatory biomarkers (C-reactive protein, fibrinogen) in migraine patients. In total, 53 migraine patients and 53 healthy controls were evaluated. Blood serum samples were collected during both attack and interictal periods and compared with the control group. In both the attack and interictal periods, PGE2 and LXA4 values were significantly lower in migraine patients compared to the control group (p < 0.001). Additionally, PGE2 values during the attack period were significantly higher than those during the interictal period (p = 0.016). Patients experiencing migraine attacks lasting ≥ 12 h had significantly lower serum PGE2 and LXA4 levels compared to those with attacks lasting < 12 h (p = 0.028 and p = 0.009, respectively). In ROC analysis, cut-off values of 332.7 pg/mL for PGE2 and 27.2 ng/mL for LXA4 were determined with 70–80% sensitivity and specificity. In conclusion, PGE2 and LXA4 levels are significantly lower in migraine patients during both interictal and attack periods. Additionally, the levels of LXA4 and PGE2 decrease more with the prolongation of migraine attack duration. Our findings provide a basis for future treatment planning.

Background: Although Transient tachypnea of the newborn (TTN) is one of the most common causes of respiratory distress in the newborn period, there is no laboratory parameter used to diagnose it. Immatur granulocyte (IG) measurement is accepted as a useful indicator that can be used in early detection of many infectious conditions, especially neonatal sepsis. In this study, it was aimed to determine if IG and other complete blood count (CBC) parameters could be used as laboratory findings supporting TTN diagnosis. Materials and methods This study, which was retrospectively planned, was conducted in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) a public hospital between January 1, 2019 and January 31, 2021. Randomly selected 50 infants, hospitalized with the diagnosis of TTN, constituted the patient group of the study. 50 infants hospitalized with the diagnosis of hyperbilirubinemia and did not have any additional problems accepted as the control group. IG and other CBC parameters of infants in the patient and control groups were compared in the study. Results: There was no significant difference between the patient and control groups in terms of demographic data and types of delivery (p > 0.05). The rate of delivery by elective cesarean section (C/S) was significantly higher than the rate of normal spontaneous vaginal (NSV) delivery in the patient group (p < 0.001). The IG number and percentage, WBC (white blood cell) count, RDW (red cell distribution width), number and percentage of NRBC (nucleated red blood cell), neutrophil and lymphocyte ratio, count and percentage of basophil and PLR (platelet/lymphocyte ratio) of the patient group was significantly higher than the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: According to the findings obtained in the study, it was concluded that IG and other CBC parameters may be used to support clinical and imaging findings to diagnose transient tachypnea of the newborn.

Objective: This study aimed to reveal whether immature granulocyte levels can be used for determining the disease activity of rheumatoid arthritis. Material and Methods: The study was conducted in the Kastamonu Rehabilitation Center. The data of 163 patients with rheumatoid arthritis were reviewed retrospectively. Laboratory data of 92 healthy individuals were used for the control group. Complete blood cell counts, measurement of erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and C-reactive protein level were used for the laboratory assessments. The individuals with active infection and any hematological, cardiovascular, metabolic disorder, malignancy, history of trauma, surgery, and hospitalization within the last 15 days were excluded from the study. Results: We found that the number and percentage of immature granulocyte were significantly higher in the patient group (p<0.05). A positive correlation was found between immature granulocyte and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (r=0.171 p=0.03), immature granulocyte and C-reactive protein (r=0.321 p5 than those with C-reactive protein ≤ 5 (p<0.05). Conclusion: The immature granulocytes can be a rapid, easily accessible and cost-effective parameter that indicates inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis. It may be useful to use this parameter in the evaluation of disease activity. Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı immatür granülosit sayısının, romatoid artritte hastalık ativitesini gösteren bir belirteç olup olmadığını ortaya koymaktır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya, Kastamonu Rehabilitasyon Merkezi'nde romatoid artrit tanısı ile takipli 163 hasta alındı. Hastaların verileri, laboratuar bilgi sisteminden bulundu. Kontrol grubu için 92 sağlıklı bireyin laboratuvar verileri kullanıldı. Aktif enfeksiyonu, hematolojik, kardiyovasküler, metabolik ve malign hastalığı olan hastalar ile son 15 gün içinde travma, cerrahi girşim ve hastaneye yatış öyküsü olanlar çalışma dışı bırakıldı. Bulgular: Hasta grubunda immatür granülosit sayısı ve yüzdesinin anlamlı olarak daha yüksek olduğunu bulundu (p<0.05). Hasta grubunda immatür granülosit ile eritrosit sedimentasyon hızı (r=0.171 p=0.03), ve C-reaktif protein (r=0.321 p5 olan hastalarda, C-reaktif protein düzeyi <5 olanlara göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı derecede yüksekti (p<0.05). Sonuç: İmmatür granülosit seviyesi, romatoid artritte inflamasyonu gösteren hızlı, kolay erişilebilir ve uygun maliyetli bir belirteç olabilir.

Objectives: Despite great advances in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), it is still the most common cause of death in the world. Therefore, predicting mortality in advance is clinically very important. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of immature granulocyte (IG) and other hematological markers in predicting short- and long-term mortality in patients with AMI. Methods: Laboratory information system (LIS) data of a tertiary hospital were used in this study. Of the 298 patients who were admitted to the coronary intensive care unit with the diagnosis of myocardial infarction, 258 recovered after treatment and were discharged. 40 of them died. It was determined that 36 of these 258 patients, who were followed up retrospectively, died within 15 months after discharge. Results: The mean age of 298 people who participated in this retrospective study was 73.26 ± 8.6 years, and 53.3% were male. Moderate and high predictive property in receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis for short-term mortality, white blood cell (WBC) area under curve (AUC) = 0.802), neutrophil count (AUC = 0.817), IG count (AUC = 0.841), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) (AUC = 0.701), and C-reactive protein (CRP) (AUC = 0.758) tests detected. For long-term mortality, a moderate predictive feature was observed in the age (AUC = 0.712) parameter. Conclusions: IG is a marker that does not require extra cost, provides rapid results and has high predictive value in predicting death in the short term in patients with acute myocardial infarction. It is ineffective in predicting long-term mortality.

Objectives: The reference interval is the primary tool used to interpret laboratory test results. Each laboratory should determine reference intervals (RIs) that reflect their population. In this study, it was aimed to determine the RIs of hemogram routine and advanced clinical test parameters for our hospital and region by indirect method and to compare these calculated RIs with the limits recommended by the current manufacturer and the literature. Methods: The hemogram results of patients aged 18–65 years who applied to Kastamonu Training and Research Hospital between July 2020 and June 2022, were included in the study. Hemogram analyzes were performed on Sysmex XN-1000 (Kobe, Japan) hematology auto analyzers. The RIs were determined by indirect method from the obtained data using the non-parametric percentage estimation method. Harris-Boyd method was used to decide on subgroup separation based on gender. Results: All parameters had non-parametric distribution. RBC, HGB, HCT, MCH, MCHC, PLT, RDW-CV, RDW-SD, PCT, monocytes count, eosinophils count, monocytes % and macroR parameters which required gender-spesific RIs were determined separately for genders. Conclusions: When the results are evaluated, it shows that the manufacturer’s recommendations together with the studies in the literature do not fully reflect the RIs of our population. Therefore, it is very important for each laboratory to determine its own RIs due to the differences in population, diet, technical equipment used and reference group. In addition, we think that our study will make a significant contribution to the literature, since there is insufficient data in the literature on RIs for advanced clinical parameters.

Aims: Neonatal sepsis is a systemic condition that results in hemodynamic and clinical findings. We aimed to determine the role of hemogram parameters in the diagnosis of early neonatal sepsis. Methodology: This retrospective study was conducted with 126 neonates hospitalized in Kastamonu Training and Research Hospital Neonatal Intensive Care Unit between March 2018 to March 2022. There were 65 term neonates diagnosed with early neonatal sepsis in the patient group. In the control group, there were 61 term neonates who underwent hemogram within the first 72 hours (postnatal period) due to physiological jaundice and did not receive any antibiotic treatment. The assessment was made by comparing the hemogram parameters of these groups. Results: The Macro-R value, white blood cell count, absolute neutrophil count, monocyte count, immature erythrocyte count and percentage, immature granulocyte count and percentage and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio were found to be significantly higher in the patient group than in the control group (p<0.05). Macro R, white blood cell count, absolute neutrophil count, immature erythrocyte count and percentage, immature granulocyte count and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio had high sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of early neonatal sepsis. Conclusion: We think that these simple and easily accessible parameters have potential value in the diagnosis of ENS if they are used together with the clinical symptoms of ENS.