Due to a rapidly growing population and economy, an increase in emissions from urban growth, industrial growth, and energy use hurt the environment’s health. This research examines how tourism, population, income, renewable energy, and electricity consumption affect carbon emissions in twenty-six low-income countries. There is no cross-sectional dependence (CSD) problem, so quantile regressions (QR) and generalized method of moments (GMM) are used. Results show that the environment is obtaining benefits because of tourism. CO₂ emissions are rising because the per capita income, electricity consumption, and population are growing. CO₂ emissions can be lowered by using more renewable energy and growing the economy faster. Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) is also valid in low-income countries. Thus, increasing income will not be harmful to the environment. Similarly, increasing tourism, renewable energy, and rising GDP per capita benefit low-income countries. The government can focus on sustainable tourism. Policymakers may convince more people to use renewable energy resources and grow the sustainable tourism industry. This study recommends that the government reduce greenhouse gas emissions, promote tourism that is good for the environment, take initiatives to limit population growth, and use renewable energy.

The primary aspiration of this paper is to learn about the effects of economic growth (GDPG) and energy consumption (ENRC) on environmental pollution (EP) in G-3 countries and to show the significance of renewable energy consumption (RENEW) on environmental pollution (EP). The data covers the period from 1970 to 2020 by applying the “Pooled Mean Group-Autoregressive Distributed Lag” (PMG-ARDL) model. The results indicate that GDPG is negatively co-integrated with CO₂ emissions (pollution) in the short run (SR) but positively co-integrated in the long run (LR). Energy consumption has a positive impact in the long run, but there is no positive impact in the short run to accelerate pollution. In both the short and long run, renewable energy has a significant role in reducing environmental degradation. However, according to the Dumitrescu Hurlin panel, there was bidirectional causality (BC) involving energy consumption and pollution. Because of the large volume of energy emphasized in economic growth and development activities, energy use increases pollution. In addition, there was a BC involving energy consumption and economic growth. At the country level, a significant contribution implies sustainable development and the implication of environmental quality assurance policies.

Effects of Environmental Strategy, Uncertainty and Top Management Commitment on the Environmental Performance: Role of Environmental Management Accounting and Environmental Management Control System