Forest management strategies often compromised the patterns and processes of the naturally dynamic forest ecosystems. As species occurrence and diversity are directly associated with ecological and environment factors, this study evaluated the effect of low-impact forest management on the structure of the anuran community, considering the effects of the environment types generated by the management and the post-exploitation time in the Fazenda Uberlândia, southeastern Amazonia (Portel, Pará, Brazil). Field data were collected in the period of the highest rainfall in the region (February to March 2021) by sampling 84 linear transects (25 m each) at a minimum distance of 500 m between them. The time elapsed since logging that took place in the study sites varied from 2 to 17 years. We analyzed an area without forest management (used as a control) and three environment types formed by logging activities: secondary roads, skid trails, and storage yard. Our results showed no differences in species richness, abundance, and composition of the anuran community with respect to time since exploitation. Meanwhile, we found significant differences across different environment types, suggesting that the observed pattern of richness and abundance may benefit the assembly of anurans in the short term. Still, over a longer period, it may have a homogenizing effect, gradually modifying the anurofauna assemblage in managed areas to favor species adapted to more open environments, resulting in damage to the local diversity of anurans.

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a influência da estrutura da paisagem sobre a estrutura da vegetação, de acordo com a escala de investigação. O estudo foi desenvolvido no Assentamento Agroextrativista Praialta Piranheira, localizado em Nova Ipixuna, PA. Foi utilizado inventário florístico (variáveis da vegetação) e imagem de satélite (métricas da paisagem). As parcelas foram espacializadas em buffers com circunferências de 100, 200, 300 e 500 m. Observou-se influência das métricas da paisagem, em especial da quantidade de habitat florestal, sobre a estrutura da vegetação e a necessidade de se selecionar as métricas mais adequadas ao tipo de estudo realizado.

Light and hormones are factors that influence plant growth and development. This study aimed to observe the effect of different concentrations of 24-epibrassinolide combined with varying levels of shading on the development of Genipa americana L. seedlings. The seedlings were placed under three shading conditions: Full sunlight, 35%, and 50%. They were then exposed to five concentrations of the hormone: 0, 10, 20, 30, and 40 nM. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with four blocks and five treatments, containing 20 replicates/treatment/shading condition. The results revealed that moderate shading (35%) was the optimal condition for the growth of G. americana seedlings, yielding the highest diameter (12.12 mm) and height (35.3 cm) values. Although the number of leaves was greater in the full sunlight treatment (n = 12.2), no statistically significant difference was observed compared to the 35% shading treatment. At low concentrations (10 and 20 nM), 24-epibrassinolide effectively improved growth parameters and biochemical content. The 35% shading condition provided the best overall growth, resulting in higher values for height, diameter, and leaf number, making it the most favorable environment for robust development. Thus, combining appropriate shading with hormone treatment can optimize cultivation practices, providing an effective strategy for enhancing plant growth and adaptation in varying environments.

Studies on the quantification and spatial distribution of stored carbon, as well as the potential for carbon uptake by forests, are of great importance. We assessed the spatial distribution and dynamic of carbon in forest plots in the Middle Xingu. These plots are part of the vegetation monitoring area of the Belo Monte Dam. We estimated the biomass of trees with diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥10 cm using an allometric equation with forest inventory data in the eastern Amazonian region in the Xingu River area. We evaluated the vegetation structure and carbon stock dynamic in 2012, 2014, and 2016, and temporal effects on carbon uptake. The periodic annual increase in carbon was significantly higher between 2012 and 2014 (2.5 Mg ha⁻¹) than between 2014 and 2016 (1.84 Mg ha⁻¹). Plant biomass was highly influenced by the abundance of species with low diameters (between 10 cm and 50 cm DBH). Despite the mortality rate being higher than the recruitment in the second period (2014–2016), we found that the forest did function as a carbon sink but showing increases in carbon emissions.

Growth is a component of forest dynamics that encompasses changes in species composition, interactions between species, and stand structure. We evaluated the effect of the presence of lianas, crown shape, and light exposure on the periodic annual increment of trees (PAI) in two phytophysiognomies: the ombrophilous dense forest and the ombrophilous open forest with lianas. This study was conducted in the eastern Brazilian Amazon in 13 permanent monitoring plots of 50 m × 50 m (2500 m²) in the same annual production unit. The area has been subjected to reduced-impact logging from 2014 to 2016. The increment in tree diameter varied significantly between both forests (opens forests: 1.28 cm yr⁻¹; dense forests: 0.82 cm yr⁻¹). Light exposure influenced the increment in tree diameter in the ombrophilous open forest with lianas, while the crown shape and light exposure significantly affected the ombrophilous dense forest. Our study emphasizes the usefulness of the periodic annual increment in exploring the differences between contrasting phytophysiognomies in a single annual production unit in the Brazilian Amazon that is subject to reduced-impact logging.