Diffuse attenuation coefficient of photosynthetically available radiation (PAR), KPAR, is a key product of ocean color remote sensing. Current ocean color algorithms generally detect only the average KPAR within one optical depth, . Due to the marked vertical variations of KPAR, knowledge of is insufficient to accurately evaluate the submarine light field. By using field in situ observations, a two-step approach, based on the development of an ocean color algorithm for and the relationships between and the average KPAR from the surface down to depth Z (), was developed to remotely estimate the vertical variations in in the North Pacific from the MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) imagery. The root mean square difference of log() in depths within the euphotic zone was around ±0.059 (in unit of m−1 for ), which corresponded to a deviation of ±15% for the estimated and the penetration depths of PAR. Our study may provide a promising approach to detect the vertical variations of and underwater PAR distributions in the North Pacific Ocean.