[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of the intake of an isotonic sports drink (500 ml water, 32 gr carbonhydrate, 120 mg calcium, 248 mg chloride, 230 mg sodium) the level of the skeletal muscle damage of orienteering athletes. [Subjects and Methods] The study was carried out on 21 male elite orienteering athletes. The athletes were divided into two groups by randomized double-blind selection. The experimental group (n=11) was given the isotonic sports drink, while the placebo group (n=10) was given 500 ml pure water. Blood samples were taken pre-competition, post-competition, 2 hours post-competition and 24 hours post-competition. [Results] The pre-c troponin, myoglobin and creatinine kinase serum levels of the placebo group were significantly lower than the post-competition and 2 hours post-competition values. The 24 hours post-competition levels of the same analyses were also significantly lower than the post-c and 2 hours post-competition. The pre-competition troponin, myoglobin and creatinine kinase levels of the experimental group were found to be significantly lower than the post-competition, 2 hours post-competition 24 hours post-competition values. In conclusion, the present results suggest that the intake of supportive sports drinks before exercising significantly prevents the observed muscle damage. The study showed that serum myoglobin levels between the experimental and the placebo group is significantly different during the 2 hours post-competition period. [Conclusion] The level of serum creatinine kinase and myoglobin accurately shows the extent of the muscle damage. However, further studies on the effect of isotonic sports drink in different training programs on the cell membrane and the muscle damage are needed.

This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between genetic polymorphisms in Collagen type 1 alpha-1 (COL1A1), Collagen type 3 alpha-1 (COL3A1), Collagen type 5 alpha-1 (COL5A1), and Collagen type 12 alpha-1 (COL12A1) genes and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in athletes. A systematic search was diligently conducted on the PubMed and Web of Science databases to identify relevant studies on 5–9 September 2023. Only case–control studies were included in the meta-analysis. A total of 19 studies were reviewed, involving the analysis of 3522 cases and 6399 control subjects. Data relevant to the study objectives were extracted from these chosen studies and subsequently analyzed using either a random-effects or fixed-effects model. It indicates that individuals carrying the G allele in the COL1A1 (rs1107946) gene have a decreased risk of anterior cruciate ligament injuries (OR: −0.27, 95% CI: −0.42 to −0.12, p < 0.001). A similar relationship was observed in the dominant model, but this relationship was reversed in the recessive model (OR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.33 to 1.05, p < 0.001). However, no significant associations were found in the COL3A1 (rs1800255) and COL5A1 (rs12722) genes. In the COL12A1 (rs970547) gene, the A allele was associated with an increased risk of anterior cruciate ligament injuries (OR: 0.18, 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.36, p = 0.041). This meta-analysis suggests that genetic variants in COL1A1 (rs1107946) and COL12A1 (rs970547) may be associated with ACL injuries in athletes. However, COL3A1 rs1800255 and COL5A1 rs12722 gene variants do not appear to have a significant association with these injuries.

This meta-analysis was designed to investigate the relationship between genetic polymorphisms (AGT rs699, AMPD1 rs17602729, HIF1α rs11549465, IL-6 rs1800795) and power athletes’ status. Only case-control studies were included in the meta-analysis. A systematic search of the PubMed and Web of Science databases was performed to identify relevant studies and 23 studies met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. The data from the included studies were pooled and analyzed using a random effects or fix effects model. The effect size was calculated as the odds ratio or a risk ratio with 95% confidence intervals. The results showed that certain genetic polymorphisms, AGT rs699 Thr allele, HIF1A rs11549465 Ser allele and AMPD1 rs17602729 C allele, were significantly more prevalent in power athletes (p < 0.05). When examining the genotype frequency distribution of AGT rs699 and AMPD1 rs17602729, significant differences were found in both the dominant and recessive models (p < 0.05). The results indicate that these gene polymorphisms play a role in power athlete status, however, new and more comprehensive studies are needed to confirm these results.

Objective: This study aimed to examine the effect of CHO-E consumption after high-intensity exercise on insulin, cortisol hormones and blood glucose responses, which is important for performance and recovery in athletes. Methods: Sixteen volunteers, male athletes, participated into this study. Athletes were divided into two groups as experiment (CHO-E) and placebo (PLA). Blood was taken from the athletes three times as basal, post-exercise (PE) and 2 h after ingestion of supplement (PS). Results: When inter-group comparisons, insulin was significantly higher in the CHO-E group than the PLA group at the PS phase (p < .05). Cortisol significantly decreased in the CHO-E group at the PS compared to the PE (p < .05). Conclusions: Carbohydrate–electrolyte consumption after high-intensity exercise, accelerates the recovery process by providing optimal recovery, and enable the metabolism to remain in the anabolic state by preventing it from entering in the catabolic process as well as provides hormonal balance in metabolism.

The aim of the study was to examine physical, physiological and some performance parameters of the elite orienteers in our country. 39 elite orienteers (20 female orienteers and 19 male orienteers) who joined national orienteering team and improvement camp and had at least two-year experience voluntarily participated in our study. It was seen that mean age for female orienteers was 16.35±2.18 years while it was 15.63±3.07 years for male orienteers. The participant orienteers’ body weights, heights, resting heart rates, systolic / diastolic blood pressures, body mass index (BMI), body fat percentage, body's fat free mass (FFM), fat mass, body water, circumference and diameters were measured. Performance tests were 20 m. shuttle run, vertical jump, 20 m. sprint, T-test, hand grip strength-back strength, standing long jump, sit-up, push-up, sit-reach, reaction time, flamingo balance and star balance tests. Somatotype characteristics of the orienteers were determined through Heath-Carter method. Means and standard deviations of the participant orienteers were found using SPSS package software. It was found out that the participant female orienteers’ body fat percentage was 17.92±6.34% while the participant male orienteers’ body fat percentage was 11.09±3.28%. As for the participant female orienteers’ somatotype means; endomorphy was 4.40±1.19, mesomorphy was 3.12±1.29 and ectomorphy was 3.48±1.18 whereas endomorphy was 2.58±.84, mesomorphy was 3.86±.85 and ectomorphy was 4.49±1.15 for the participant male orienteers. It was found out that the participant female orienteers’ leg strength was 104.60±40.47kg, T-test was 12.11±6.81 and mean VO2max was 43.66±4.83 (ml.kg-1.min-1) while the participant male orienteers’ leg strength was 168.39±73.22kg;T-test was 11.47±1.04 and VO2max mean was 52.46±5.28 (ml.kg-1.min-1). It is very important to investigate body structures and performance limits of the athletes in orienteering sport which is a new and developing sportive activity and requires such physical capacities as high level of endurance, strength and speed. On the other hand; performance tests including physical and antropometric characteristics of the orienteers play a key role in determining abilities. Therefore; we are of the opinion that our study will make contribution to the early period orienteer-recruitment and the prospective studies on this field

The aim of this study was to examine the level of the nutritional habits of the sport high school students. The research consisted of 98 students (male n=65. female=33) from Sinop Şehit Bülent Sport High School. A questionnaire that developed by researchers were applied to evaluate the nutritional habits of students. The Cronbach Alpha coefficient was used to measure the reliability of the questionnaire. As a result of the reliability analysis, the Cronbach Alpha coefficient was found to be 0.79. As a result, it is seen that the knowledge and attitudes towards nutrition and meals are inadequate. Although the sports high school students emphasize the relationship between sport and nutrition at a rate of 87.8%. Besides, 62.2% of the students think that there is not enough information about nutrition in the school curriculum. So, in addition to the revision of curriculum in sport high schools, educational conferences and scientific activities must be organized related to healthy living and sport nutrition.