Cosmetics, commonly known as ‘makeup’ are products that can enhance the appearance of the human body. Cosmetic products include hair dyes, shampoos, skincare, sunscreens, kajal, and other makeup products. Cosmetics are generally applied throughout the face and over the neck region. Sunlight has different wavelengths of light, which include UV-A, UV-B, UV-C, and other radiations. Most cosmetic products have absorption maxima (λmax) in the range of visible light and UV-R. The effect of light-induced photosensitization of cosmetic products, which results in the production of free radicals through type-I and type-II photosensitization mechanisms. Free-radicals-mediated DNA damage and oxidative stress are common consequences of cosmetic phototoxicity. Cosmetic phototoxicity may include percutaneous absorption, skin irritation, eye irritation, photosensitization, mutagenicity, and genotoxicity. Oxidative stress induces membrane lipid peroxidation, glycoxidation, and protein covalent modifications, resulting in their dysfunction. Natural antioxidants inhibit oxidative-stress-induced cosmetic toxicity. Sunlight-induced photodegradation and accumulation of cosmetic photoproducts are also a matter of serious concern. India has tropical weather conditions throughout the year and generally, a majority of human activities such as commerce, agriculture, sports, etc. are performed under bright sunlight conditions. Thus, more focused and dedicated research is warranted to explore the effects of cosmetics on oxidative stress, glycoxidation of biomolecules, and photoproducts accumulation for its total human safety.

The study investigates the customers’ intention to use app-based medicine services in an emerging economy. This study explores the indirect effects of perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived security and perceived delivery with the intention to use app-based medicine services through the mediating effect of perceived trust. The present study developed a self-administered survey questionnaire to collect data from 336 respondents who were using app-based medicine services in Bangladesh. The data was collected between March 2022 and May 2022. The collected data were analysed using SmartPLS-4 to determine the reliability and validity of the constructs. The study's findings indicate that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived security, and perceived delivery positively and significantly (t > 1.96; P < 0.05) influence the perceived trust in app-based medicine services. The research findings also indicate that perceived ease of use, perceived delivery, and perceived trust significantly (t > 1.96; P < 0.05) impact the intention to use app-based medicine services. This study highlights to explore the success factors such as consumer perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived security, and perceived delivery that can increase customers’ trust to use app-based medicine services in the developing economy.

Total quality management (TQM) is a noteworthy tool for helping an organisation/institute to enhance and improve its overall performance. For this reason, many organisations have adopted the TQM approach to help ensure that their services and products are of the highest standard as well as to enhance customer satisfaction. Moreover, due to the economic contributions of the healthcare sector and other significant factors, it is considered necessary to incorporate TQM practices into this sector. A number of standards have been introduced in an effort to drive quality improvement and management within healthcare organisations, including ISO 9001 (Quality Management), EN 15224 (Quality Management System in Healthcare), ISO 15189 (Medical Laboratories), ISO 13485 (Medical Devices) and IWA 1 (Quality Management Systems). Furthermore, the TQM approach has been implemented in many countries, 12 of which (United States, France, Turkey, Jordan, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates, Iran, Pakistan, India, Taiwan, Mauritius and Namibia) were included in this study in order to examine the effectiveness of TQM in the healthcare sector. A case study concerning the implementation and effectiveness of TQM in Saudi Arabia was also conducted.

The lean approach is a value-added system that reduces cost and waste to continuously improve the quality performance of the healthcare organization. The present study investigates the relationships of the lean approach with top management team and employee engagement toward quality improvement of the public hospitals in Malaysia. This study used stratified random sampling to collect data from the public hospitals’ staff who were directly involved with patient services. In this study, PLS-SEM 3.3.4 was applied to measure the research constructs and hypotheses. The research findings indicate that the lean approach has a significant relationship with the top management team and employee engagement to positively impact the quality improvement of the public hospital. However, research findings also indicate that the top management team has no significant influence on quality improvement in public hospitals, but it has an indirect effect through the lean approach and employee engagement. The findings of the study will provide guidelines on how the lean approach contributes to the body of knowledge and practical implications to continuously improve the quality performance of public healthcare system.

Purpose: The study aims to investigate the nurse job enjoyment and their participation in medical affairs to enchance the quality of patient care in Saudi hospitals. In addition, this study also investigates the management team's role in patient care quality through the mediating effects of nurse job enjoyment and participation in medical affairs.Design/methodology/approach: The present study used a self-administered survey questionnaire to collect data from registered nurses in Saudi hospitals. In this study, 600 survey questionnaires were distributed online (Google Forms) and received 266 valid responses (44.33% response rate). In addition, SmartPLS-4.0 was applied to validate the research constructs and test the hypotheses via partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM).Findings: The study's findings indicate that the job enjoyment of the nurses and participation in medical affairs have positive and significant effects on the quality of patient care. In addition, the research findings also suggest that the management team of the hospitals has a significant indirect influence on the quality of patient care through the medicating effects of nurse job enjoyment and participation in medical affairs.Practical implications: The findings of this study also offer various practical implications. This study showed the direct impact of the management team on job enjoyment, medical affairs and patient care quality. Therefore, hospital authorities and policymakers may emphasise clear communication, collaboration, respect and trust for the effective management team in providing higher-quality patient care. The present study suggests that hospital policymakers should strive to create a positive work environment, provide adequate resources, foster team spirit, offer incentives and allow flexible scheduling to ensure higher job enjoyment and increase nurse participation in medical affairs.Originality/value: This study adds to the growing body of knowledge by investigating the effects of the management team, job enjoyment and nurses' participation in medical affairs on patient care quality. This study also enhances the theoretical depth by exploring the mediating impact of job enjoyment in predicting the relationships between the management team and the quality of care provided to patients. The present study provides guidelines for healthcare service providers or practitioners to focus on the nurses' job enjoyment and their engagement in medical activities to continuously improve the quality of patient care in the hospitals.