Two-dimensional black phosphorus (BP) has attracted great attention as a perspective material for various applications. The chemical functionalization of BP is an important pathway for the preparation of materials with improved stability and enhanced intrinsic electronic properties. Currently, most of the methods for BP functionalization with organic substrates require either the use of low-stable precursors of highly reactive intermediates or the use of difficult-to-manufacture and flammable BP intercalates. Herein we report a facile route for simultaneous electrochemical exfoliation and methylation of BP. Conducting the cathodic exfoliation of BP in the presence of iodomethane makes it possible to generate highly active methyl radicals, which readily react with the electrode’s surface yielding the functionalized material. The covalent functionalization of BP nanosheets with the P–C bond formation has been proven by various microscopic and spectroscopic methods. The functionalization degree estimated by solid-state ³¹P NMR spectroscopy analysis reached 9.7%.

Two-dimensional black phosphorus (BP) has emerged as a perspective material for various micro- and opto-electronic, energy, catalytic, and biomedical applications. Chemical functionalization of black phosphorus nanosheets (BPNS) is an important pathway for the preparation of materials with improved ambient stability and enhanced physical properties. Currently, the covalent functionalization of BPNS with highly reactive intermediates, such as carbon-free radicals or nitrenes, has been widely implemented to modify the material’s surface. However, it should be noted that this field requires more in-depth research and new developments. Herein, we report for the first time the covalent carbene functionalization of BPNS using dichlorocarbene as a functionalizing agent. The P–C bond formation in the obtained material (BP–CCl₂) has been confirmed by Raman, solid-state ³¹P NMR, IR, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy methods. The BP–CCl₂ nanosheets exhibit an enhanced electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) performance with an overpotential of 442 mV at −1 mA cm⁻² and a Tafel slope of 120 mV dec⁻¹, outperforming the pristine BPNS.

Amorphous carbon (a-C) films consist of a large amount of disordered graphite-like clusters. Edge and point-type defects of the clusters are chemical activ

Nanosized amorphous carbon films are used as protective coatings of optical fibers. In this article, we demonstrate the possibilities of coherent Tip-Enhanced Raman spectroscopy for resolving strongly overlapped bands in Raman spectra of the films.

Ultra-thin amorphous carbon films are protective coatings of optical fibers. The formation of O- and H-containing functional groups reduces their hermeticity. In this work, we develop a method for probing the functional groups.