Liquefaction‐induced ground deformations are permanent ground displacements resulting from earthquakes, which can extend over areas as large as a few square kilometers and have amplitudes ranging from a few centimeters to few tens of meters. This type of ground deformation caused substantial damage to lifelines and pile‐foundations of buildings and bridge piers along the Kobe shoreline during the 1995 Hyogoken‐Nanbu, Japan, earthquake. This paper presents a four‐parameter multiple‐linear‐regression model for estimating the amplitude of liquefaction‐induced ground displacement for both ground‐slope and free‐face conditions at a regional scale. The applicability of the model for mapping the amplitude of liquefaction‐induced ground deformation is investigated over selected regions. The paper also presents a regional model for estimating the probability for the displacements to exceed some threshold amplitude, and to fall within confidence intervals. Both models are useful for risk assessment to spatially distributed lifeline networks resulting from future earthquakes.
23 April 2020 in Journal of Earthquake Engineering
The study presents a liquefaction potential analysis for the Thailand-Myanmar border area due to the earthquake. Three sites reported liquefaction during Tarlay earthquake in 2011 were investigated including a microtremor to obtain the shear wave velocity profile and depth of engineering bedrock. Next-generation attenuation model was used to estimate the peak ground acceleration at the liquefied sites. A seismic ground response analysis was then conducted, and the result revealed that the shallow sand layers were very vulnerable to undergo liquefaction. The results also showed a similar tendency to the predictions based on the empirical methods.