The study presents a liquefaction potential analysis for the Thailand-Myanmar border area due to the earthquake. Three sites reported liquefaction during Tarlay earthquake in 2011 were investigated including a microtremor to obtain the shear wave velocity profile and depth of engineering bedrock. Next-generation attenuation model was used to estimate the peak ground acceleration at the liquefied sites. A seismic ground response analysis was then conducted, and the result revealed that the shallow sand layers were very vulnerable to undergo liquefaction. The results also showed a similar tendency to the predictions based on the empirical methods.

This paper presents a seismic response analysis study of liquefiable sites along the northern parts of the coastal area of Bengkulu Province that underwent liquefaction phenomena during the strong earthquake (8.6 Mw) on 12 September 2007. Several investigation tests, including the standard penetration test (SPT) and the soil shear wave velocity test, were conducted at 8 locations. The data were used to simulate the seismic response in order to investigate soil behaviors during the earthquake. In addition, the excess pore water pressure ratio obtained from the analysis was compared with the prediction value calculated from empirical data. The results show that liquefaction can occur at shallow depth layers dominated by loose sand. The results also confirm field evidence collected during the earthquake that was reported in several previous studies. The excess pore water pressure ratio was in good agreement with the predicted value from the empirical approach.

This article presents a study of liquefaction resistance behaviour of sand using a cyclic triaxial test. The site investigation was performed, and frozen undisturbed specimens were taken from the Izumio site in Osaka, Japan. According to the evidence in 1995 Kobe Earthquake, the first two sand layers are vulnerable to undergo liquefaction. The effect of deviatoric stress on liquefaction resistance was focused on in this study. The excess pore pressure ratio, hysteresis loop, and effective stress path from the cyclic triaxial tests were reported. A multispring element model was employed to simulate the soil behaviour under cyclic loading. The results showed that applied deviatoric stress could influence the liquefaction resistance of sandy soil samples. The plots of the cyclic stress ratio versus the number of cycles to generate liquefaction known as a liquefaction resistance curve can be then constructed and compared with other sands.

This paper presents a reliability study of spectral acceleration designs against earthquakes in Bengkulu City. Seismic Hazard Analysis of 1,968 events is performed to define the controlling earthquake event. Furthermore, the controlling earthquake is used as the scale factor to generate five input motions for one-dimensional seismic response analysis. The spectral accelerations resulting from the analysis are then compared to the updated spectral acceleration design. The results show that spectral acceleration designs are still able to cover the spectral acceleration of seismic response analysis. However, for the short period, the spectral acceleration of seismic response analysis exceeds the designed spectral acceleration. This is a matter of concern, since most of the building natural period in Bengkulu City is still categorized as short. In general, this study brings awareness to the design aspect considering earthquakes in Bengkulu City in order to reduce the possible impact on structures in the future.